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High-refractive index acrylate polymers for applications in nanoimprint lithography

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2020年第1期31卷 256-260页

作者： Yunhui Tang Stefano Cabrini jun Nie carlos Pina-Hernandez State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China The Molecular Foundry LBNLBerkeleyCA 94702United States aBeam Technologies Castro ValleyCA 94546United States

The development of polymeric optical materials with a higher refractive index,transparency in the visible spectrum region and easier processability is increasingly desirable for advanced optical applications such as microlenses,image sensors,and organic light-emitting *** acrylates have a low refractive index(around 1.50)which does not meet the high perfo rmance requirements of advanced optical *** this research,three novel acrylates were synthesized via a facile one-step approach and used to fabricate optical transparent *** of the polymers reveal good optical properties including high transparency(≥90%)in the visible spectrum region and high refractive index values(1.6363)at 550 ***,nanostructures of these acrylate polymers with various feature sizes including nanogratings and photonic crystals were successfully fabricated using nanoimprint *** results indicate that these acrylates can be used in a wide range of optical and optoelectronic devices where nanopatterned films with high refractive index and transparency are required.

关键词： High refractive index Acrylate Facile synthesis Nanostructure Nanoimprint lithography

Authigenic titanite in weathered basalts: Implications for paleoatmospheric reconstructions

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第6期11卷 2183-2196页

作者： Alexey A.Novoselov Dailto Silva carlos Roberto de Souza Filho Institute of Applied Economic Geology Universidad de ConcepcionConcepcionChile Institute of Geosciences University of CampinasCampinasSPBrazil

The stability of titanite is sensitive to temperature and partial pressure of *** finding of authigenic titanite grains in weathering regolith formed on Parana basalts,Brazil,under tropical climatic conditions,reveals the thermodynamically-driven conversion from calcite to titanite at elevated ambient *** unusual nowadays,this phase transition provides important implications for the understanding of silicate weathering in earlier geological *** types of secondary titanites were identified in the weathering profile of the study *** tiny grains of 10 μm are forming in the microscopic voids in the ***,large fractures filled with Fe-rich clay minerals contain bigger specimens of up to 170μ*** titanites of second type often coexist with chalcedony and *** carbonate minerals were found in the weathering *** sphene can be discriminated from other titanite types by its strong positive Eu anomaly,increased Al2 O3 content and low content of trace *** specific chemical composition and reactive transport modeling link this secondary mineral with dissolution of *** titanite precipitation is controlled by slow diffusion in poorly-aerated,highly-alkaline pore *** subaerial weathering of basaltic rocks provides a significant reservoir for atmospheric ***,the deposition of carbonate minerals is thermodynamically avoided at the stability field of *** demonstrate a complex feedback between CO2 and soil *** rise in pCO2 triggers the precipitation of calcite in the weathering regolith,but the greenhouse effect increasing the temperature can cease carbonate *** titanites were found in several paleosols and at least a part of them can be of weathering origin.

关键词： Titanite Sphene Calcite Paleosols Weathering Paleoclimates

Timing of breeding as a determinant of nest success of the vulnerable Chestnut Seedeater(Sporophila cinnamomea)in grasslands of southern South America

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Avian Research 2023年第1期14卷 126-135页

作者： jonas Rafael Rodrigues Rosoni Carla Suertegaray Fontana Caio josécarlos Programa de Pós-Graduacão em Biologia Animal Departamento de ZoologiaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulUFRGSAvenida Bento Gonçalves950091501-970Porto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil Laboratório de Ornitologia Museu de Ciências e TecnologiaPrograma de Pós-Graduacão em Ecologia e Evolucão da BiodiversidadePontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do SulPUCRSAvenida Ipiranga668190619-900Porto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil Departamen to de Ecologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulUFRGSAvenida Bento Gonçalves950091501-970Porto AlegreRio Grandedo SulBrazil

The breeding traits of Sporophila seedeaters have been relatively well studied in recent years;nevertheless,a group of ten species in the genus,known as southern capuchinos,remain *** is the case with Chestnut Seedeater(Sporophila cinnamomea),a species vulnerable to extinction,which breeds in the grasslands of southeast South America and,after reproduction,migrates towards the Cerrado region in central ***,we investigated breeding ecology and calculated average clutch size,productivity,the sex ratio of nestlings,and estimated nest *** we tested(1)whether there is a relationship between the number of active nests and environmental variables,(2)whether the nestling sex ratio deviates from the 1:1 ratio,(3)whether clutch size varies between breeding seasons,and(4)whether the nest success is related to starting date,nest age,plant support,nest height from the ground,and clutch *** two breeding seasons(October-March 2018-2020),we monitored 98 *** generated survival models with five interacting covariates to assess the survival of the *** recorded the entire breeding period for Chestnut Seedeater,which was estimated to be 4.6 months,similar to other migratory *** size did not differ between breeding *** sex ratio of nestlings was not significantly different from the 1:1 *** success was 31%,and predation was the leading cause of unsuccessful nests(83%).The daily survival rate was 0.95±*** main predictor of nest survival was the covariate starting *** findings,added to other aspects of the species’natural history described here,may help illuminate the ecology and behavior of Chestnut Seedeater and other southern endangered capuchinos,and grassland-dependent species of South America.

关键词： Brood parasitism Clutch size Neotropical grassl ands Nest age Nest predation Nest survival

Is glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency more prevalent in Carrion's disease endemic areas in Latin America?

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Asian Pacific journal of Tropical Medicine 2015年第12期8卷 1045-1046页

作者： Fernando Mazulis Claudia Weilg carlos Alva-Urcia Maria j.Pons juana del Valle Mendoza School of Medicine Research Center of the Health Sciences FacultyUniversidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas(UPC)

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PD) is a cytoplasmic enzyme with an important function in cell oxidative damage *** have a predisposition towards oxidized environments due to their lack of mitochondria,giving G6 PD a major role in its stability.G6 PD deficiency(G6PDd) is the most common enzyme deficiency in humans:it affects approximately 400 million individuals *** overall G6 PDd allele frequency across malaria endemic countries is estimated to be 8%.corresponding to approximately 220 million males and 133 million ***,there are no reports on the prevalence of G6 PDd in Andean communities where bartonellosis is prevalent.

关键词： Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase G6PD Bartonella

Biotransformation and degradation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene by microbial metabolism and their interaction

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2018年第2期14卷 151-164页

作者： mónica y. serrano-gonzález rashmi chandra carlos castillo-zacarias felipe robledo-padilla magdalena de j. rostro-alanis roberto parra-saldivar Tecnologico de Monterrey School of Engineering and ScienceCampus MonterreyAve.Eugenio Garza Sada 2501MonterreyN.L.CP 64849Mexico

2,4,6-trinitrotoluene(TNT) and its derivatives are nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds having chemical and thermal stability at ambient temperature and pressure. TNT has high toxicity and mutagenic activity to humans, plants and animals, thus decontamination processes are necessary. Many microorganisms are capable to bioremediate TNT such as bacteria from the genera Pseudomonas,Enterobacter, Rhodococcus, Mycobacterium, Clostridium and Desulfovibrio: fungus such as Phanerochate and Stropharia species are able to perform TNT biotransformation under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. In this work we review the state of TNT biodegradation by various routes: aerobic, anaerobic,combined, fungal, enzymatic, and bio-electrochemical.

关键词： Laccases Aerobic degradation Anaerobic degradation Fungal TNT degradation

Sound Modulation in Singing Katydids Using Ionic Polymer-Metal Composites （IPMCs）

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journal of Bionic Engineering 2013年第4期10卷 464-468页

作者： Yan Zhou Cheng-Wei Chiu carlos j. Sanchez jorge M. Gonzalez Benjamin Epstein David Rhodes S. Bradleigh Vinson Hong Liang Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas' A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA Department of Entomology Texas A&M University College Station TX77843 USA Department of Plant Science California State University Fresno CA 93740 USA OpCoast LLC Brick NJ08723 USA

Many insect families have evolved to produce and detect complex singing patterns for the purposes of mating, display of dominance, predator escape, and other needs. While the mechanisms of sound production by insects have been thoroughly studied, man-machine exploitation of such mechanisms has remained unreported. We therefore describe a method to modulate the frequency spectrum in the chirp call of a singing insect, Gampsocleis gratiosa （Orthoptera： Tettigoniidae）, a large katydid indigenous to China and commonly known as Guo Guo or Chinese Bush Cricket. The chirp modulation was achieved through the contact of a ribbon of lonic Polymer-Metal Composite （IPMC） against wing of the insect. The IPMC effectively served as an actuator when a small DC voltage was applied to the ribbon＇s faces. By applying a sequential on/off voltage waveform to the IPMC ribbon, the katydid＇s chirp was modulated in a corresponding manner. This configuration can be used as part of a broader application of using singing insects to harness their acoustic power to produce and propagate machine-induced messages into the acoustic environment.

关键词： chirp modulation katydid IPMC

Training birdsong recognition using virtual reality

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Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware 2021年第5期3卷 397-406页

作者： carlos ARCE-LOPERA María joséARIAS Gustavo CORRALES Department of Technology and Information Universidad IcesiCali 760046Colombia

Background In mega-biodiverse environments,where different species are more likely to be heard than seen,species monitoring is generally performed using bioacoustics ***,since bird vocalizations are reasonable estimators of biodiversity,their monitoring is of great importance in the formulation of conservation ***,birdsong recognition is an arduous task that requires dedicated training in order to achieve mastery,which is costly in terms of time and money due to the lack of accessibility of relevant information in field trips or even specialized *** technology based on virtual reality(VR)and spatial audio may improve species monitoring by enhancing information accessibility,interaction,and user *** This study used spatial audio,a Bluetooth controller,and a head-mounted display(HMD)to conduct an immersive training experience in *** moved inside a virtual world using a Bluetooth controller,while their task was to recognize targeted *** measured the accuracy of recognition and user engagement according to the User Engagement *** The experimental results revealed significantly higher engagement and accuracy for participants in the VR-based training system than in a traditional computer-based training *** four dimensions of the user engagement scale received high ratings from the participants,suggesting that VR-based training provides a motivating and attractive environment for learning demanding tasks through appropriate design,exploiting the sensory system,and virtual reality *** The accuracy and engagement of the VR-based training system were significantly high when tested against traditional *** research will focus on developing a variety of realistic ecosystems and their associated birds to increase the information on newer bird species within the training ***,the proposed VR-based training system must be tested with ad

关键词： Human computer interaction Virtual environment Birdsong Audio training User engagement

Application of advanced oxidation processes for removing salicylic acid from synthetic wastewaters

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2010年第1期21卷 101-104页

作者： Djalma Ribeiro da Silva carlos A.Martinez-Huítle Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte CCET-Departamento de QuimicaLagoa Nova-CEP 59.072-970 Brazil Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte CCET-Departamento de QuimicaLagoa Nova-CEP 59.072.970 Brazil University of Milan Department of ChemistryCeloria 220133 MilanItaly

In this study,advanced oxidation processes(AOPs) such as anodic oxidation(AO),UV/H_2O_2 and Fenton processes(FP) were investigated for the degradation of salicylic acid(SA) in lab-scale ***-doped diamond(BDD) film electrodes using Ta as substrates were employed for AO of *** the case of FP and UV/H_2O_2,most favorable experimental conditions were determined for each process and these were used for comparing with AO *** study showed that the FP was the most effective process under aci...

关键词： Advanced oxidation processes Salicylic acid(SA) Anodic oxidation Ta/BDD Electrocatalytic activity

Do non-target species visit feeders and water troughs targeting small game?A study from farmland Spain using camera-trapping

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第2期16卷 226-239页

作者： joséA.ARMENTEROS jesús CARO carlos SÁNCHEZ-GARCÍA Beatriz ARROYO joséA.PÉREZ Vicente RGAUDIOSO Emilio j.TIZADO Department of Animal Production Research Group on Game Species Breeding and ManagementUniversity of LeónLeónSpain Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos(IREC CSIC-UCLM-JCCM)Ciudad RealSpain Fundación Artemisan Ciudad RealSpain Department of Biodiversity and Environmental Management University of LeónPonferradaSpain

Provision of food and water is a widespread tool implemented around the world for the benefit of game and other wildlife,but factors affecting the use of food and water by non-target species are poorly *** evaluated visits to feeders and water troughs by non-game species using camera-traps in two separate areas of *** and water troughs were either“protected”(when surrounded by more than 50%of shrubs/forest)or“open”(in the opposite case).A total of 18948 photos from 5344 camera-trapping days depicted animals,and 75 species were *** and water troughs were visited by target species(partridges and lagomorphs,55.3%of visits)and non-target species(44.7%of visits).Among the latter,corvids were themost common(46.1%of visits),followed by rodents(26.8%),other birds(23.6%,mainly passerines),columbids(1.9%),and other species at minor *** highest proportion of visiting days to feeders and water troughs was from corvids(0.173)followed by otherbirds(0.109)and rodents(0.083);the lowest proportion was recorded for columbids(0.016).Use intensity and visit frequency of water troughs tripled that recorded in feeders,and visits to open feeders/troughs were approximately twice those to protected *** summary:feeders and water troughs targeting small game species are also used regularly by non-target ones;they should be set close to cover to optimize their use by non-target species that are not competitors of target species(though corvids may visit them);water availability should be prioritized where drought periods are expected.

关键词： camera-trapping feeding game species management watering wildlife