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multiple ecological strategies explain the distribution of exotic and native C_(4) grasses in heterogeneous early successional sites in Hawai’i

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第3期10卷 426-439页

作者： Rafael de Oliveira Xavier carla m.d’antonio Ecology and Conservation Lab Department of HydrobiologyFederal University of São CarlosWashington Luís Highwaykm 235São CarlosSão Paulo 13565-905Brazil Environmental Studies Program 4312-L Bren University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106USA

Aims Biotic homogenization results in novel communities contain-ing multiple exotic species.many attributes that contribute to the dominance of invaders and increase invasibility of communities have been identified,but rarely have factors governing the domi-nance of co-occurring invaders been considered.Here we assess the presence and performance of five exotic and one native C_(4) grass species across local(microsite)and more broad-scale variation in fire history,soil age,altitude and precipitation.We ask whether species show preferences for the same conditions,whether all are constrained by poor soil development,and how their performance changes when alone versus co-occurring.In addition to providing information useful to managers who want to control some of these species,such information can help to predict how distributions might change with climate change methods We measured percent cover and plant height of each grass species in 64 plots in each of 15 sites,located in young volcanic substrates across environmental gradients in Hawai’i Volcanoes National Park,Hawai’i,USA.Sites varied in fire history and soil age,across altitu-dinal and precipitation gradients.We estimated microsite heteroge-neity by measuring rock cover and soil depth,where each species was present and in plots as a whole.We analyzed effects of pos-sible controlling variables using chi-square tests and Generalized Additive mixed m.dels.Important Findings Two species(Schizachyrium condensatum and Hyparrhenia rufa)were absent in shallow soil,restricted to more mesic sites and showed increasing performance with soil depth.By contrast,two other species(Andropogon virginicus and melinis repens)tended to occur in shal-low soil with high rock cover across a wide range of sites.One addi-tional species(melinis minutiflora)was weakly affected by soil depth and was the dominant at higher elevation(more mesic)and on burned sites,especially in old soil.This species was largely absent from lower elevation sites,where the more widespread and opportunistic

关键词： elevation gradient fire invasive species melinis minutiflora soil depth

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Lean body mass index is a marker of advanced tumor features in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 393-404页

作者： Andrew Scott deLemos Jing Zhao milin Patel Banks Kooken Karan mathur Hieu minh Nguyen Areej mazhar maggie mcCarter Heather Burney carla Kettler Naga Chalasani Samer Gawrieh department of m.dicine Atrium HealthCharlotteNC 28204United States Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation Atrium HealthCharlotteNC 28204United States department of m.dicine Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States Center for Health System Sciences(CHASSIS) Atrium HealthCharlotteNC 28204United States department of m.dicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL 60611United States department of Biostatistics and Health data Science Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States

BACKGROUNd Obesity is an independent risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and may influence its outcomes.However,after diagnosis of HCC,like other malignancies,the obesity paradox may exist where higher body mass index(BmI)may in fact confer a survival benefit.This is frequently observed in patients with advanced HCC and cirrhosis,who often present late with advanced tumor features and cancer related weight loss.AIm To explore the relationship between BmI and survival in patients with cirrhosis and HCC.mETHOdS This is a retrospective cohort study of over 2500 patients diagnosed with HCC between 2009-2019 at two United States academic m.dical centers.Patient and tumor characteristics were extracted manually from m.dical records of each institutions'cancer registries.Patients were stratified according to BmI classes:m^(2)(lean),25-29.9 kg/m^(2)(overweight),and>30 kg/m^(2)(obese).Patient and tumor characteristics were compared according to BmI classification.We perform.d an overall survival analysis using Kaplan meier by the three BmI classes and after adjusting for milan criteria.A multivariable Cox regression m.del was then used to assess known risk factors for survival in patients with cirrhosis and HCC.RESULTS A total of 2548 patients with HCC were included in the analysis of which 11.2%(n=286)were classified as noncirrhotic.The three main BmI categories:Lean(n=754),overweight(n=861),and obese(n=933)represented 29.6%,33.8%,and 36.6%of the total population overall.Within each BmI class,the non-cirrhotic patients accounted for 15%(n=100),12%(n=94),and 11%(n=92),respectively.Underweight patients with a BmIm^(2)(n=52)were included in the lean cohort.Of the obese cohort,42%(n=396)had a BmI≥35 kg/m^(2).Out of 2262 patients with cirrhosis and HCC,654(29%)were lean,767(34%)were overweight,and 841(37%)were obese.The three BmI classes did not differ by age,mELd,or Child-Pugh class.Chronic hepatitis C was the dominant etiology in lean compared to the overweight and obese patients(

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Cirrhosis Obesity Body mass index class Sarcopenia Chronic hepatitis C

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Autism genetics: methodological issues and experimental design

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第10期58卷 946-957页

作者： Roberto SACCO carla LINTAS antonio m.PERSICO department of Child Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of molecular Psychiatry and Neurogenetics University "Campus Bio-Medico" department of Experimental Neurosciences I.R.C.C.S."Fondazione Santa Lucia"

Autism is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder of developmental origin, where multiple genetic and environmental factors likely interact resulting in a clinical continuum between "affected" and "unaffected" individuals in the general population. during the last two decades, relevant progress has been m.de in identifying chromosomal regions and genes in linkage or association with autism, but no single gene has emerged as a major cause of disease in a large number of patients. The purpose of this paper is to discuss specific methodological issues and experimental strategies in autism genetic research, based on fourteen years of experience in patient recruitment and association studies of autism spectrum.disorder in Italy.

关键词：实验设计遗传学方法论孤独精神疾病相互作用环境因素自闭

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Introduction to the Special Issue on mathematical Aspects of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics

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Computer m.deling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第7期136卷 1-3页

作者： dumitru Baleanu carla m.A.Pinto Sunil Kumar department of mathematics Cankaya UniversityBalgatAnkara06530Turkey Institute of Space Sciences Magurele-Bucharest077125Romania ISEP Instituto Superior de Engenharia do PortoRua Dr.António Bernardino de AlmeidaPorto4314249-015Portugal department of mathematics National Institute of TechnologyJamshedpurJharkhand831014India

The special issue presents new mathematical and computational approaches,to investigate some core problems of the computational biological sciences.This topic presents a huge interest from both theoretical and applied viewpoints.The content of this special issue was focused mainly to debate a wide range of the theory and applications of integer-order and fractional-order derivatives and fractional-order integrals in different directions of mathematical biology.Several interdisciplinary groups reported their related results.

关键词： fractional integer mathematical

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O_(3) based advanced oxidation for ibuprofen degradation

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022年第2期35卷 277-284页

作者： Vitória m.Almeida carla A.Orge m.Fernando R.Pereira O.SaloméG.P.Soares Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and materials (LSRE-LCM)Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do PortoRua Dr.Roberto Frias4200-465 PortoPortugal

The degradation of the anti-inflammatory ibuprofen(IBP)was evaluated by several advanced oxidation processes.IBP was treated by single ozonation and oxidation with hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),as well as a combination of these treatments.In order to improve the efficiency,the presence of catalysts such as original carbon nanotubes,labelled as CNT,and iron oxide supported on carbon nanotubes,nam.d as Fe/CNT sample,was considered.The evolution of IBP degradation,mineralization and toxicity of the solutions was assessed.The formation of interm.diates was also monitored.In the non-catalytic processes,IBP was faster removed by single ozonation,whereas no significant total organic carbon(TOC)removal was achieved.Oxidation with H_(2)O_(2) did not present satisfactory results.When ozone and H_(2)O_(2) were combined,a higher mineralization was attained(70%after 180 min of reaction).On the other hand,in the catalytic processes,this combined process allowed the fastest IBP degradation.In terms of mineralization degree,the presence of Fe/CNT increases the removal rate in the first hour of reaction,achieving a TOC removal of 85%.Four compounds were detected as by-products.All treated solutions presented lower toxicity than the initial solution,suggesting that the released interm.diates during applied processes are less toxic.

关键词： Advanced oxidation processes Catalysts Emerging pollutants Ibuprofen

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Biomarkers of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy:a systematic review

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第6期19卷 505-548页

作者： Ines Caramelo margarida Coelho miguel Rosado carla m.P.Cardoso Alexandra dinis Carlos B.duarte mario Graos Bruno manadas CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology University of Coimbra3004‑504 CoimbraPortugal Phd Programme in Experimental Biology and Biom.dicine Institute for Interdisciplinary Research(IIIUC)University of CoimbraCasa Costa Alemão3030‑789 CoimbraPortugal Chemistry department Faculty of Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of Coimbra3004‑535 CoimbraPortugal Stemlab SA 3060‑197 CantanhedePortugal Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Hospital PediátricoCentro Hospitalar E Universitário de Coimbra3000‑075 CoimbraPortugal department of Life Sciences University of Coimbra3001‑401 CoimbraPortugal Biocant Technology Transfer Association3060‑197 CantanhedePortugal Institute for Interdisciplinary Research University of Coimbra(IIIUC)3030‑789 CoimbraPortugal

Background Current diagnostic criteria for hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy in the early hours lack objective measurement tools.Therefore,this systematic review aims to identify putative molecules that can be used in diagnosis in daily clinical practice(PROSPERO Id:CRd42021272610).data sources Searches were perform.d in Pubm.d,Web of Science,and Science direct databases until November 2020.English original papers analyzing samples from newborns>36 weeks that met at least two American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists diagnostic criteria and/or imaging evidence of cerebral damage were included.Bias was assessed by the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale.The search and data extraction were verified by two authors separately.Results From 373 papers,30 met the inclusion criteria.data from samples collected in the first 72 hours were extracted,and increased serum levels of neuron-specific enolase and S100-calcium-binding protein-B were associated with a worse prognosis in newborns that suffered an episode of perinatal asphyxia.In addition,the levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein,ubiquitin carboxyl terminal hydrolase isozyme-L1,glutamic pyruvic transaminase-2,lactate,and glucose were elevated in newborns diagnosed with hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy.moreover,pathway analysis revealed insulin-like growth factor signaling and alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism to be involved in the early molecular response to insult.Conclusions Neuron-specific enolase and S100-calcium-binding protein-B are potential biomarkers,since they are correlated with an unfavorable outcome of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy newborns.However,more studies are required to determine the sensitivity and specificity of this approach to be validated for clinical practice.

关键词： Biomarker Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy Neonatal brain injury Newborn Neuron-specific enolase S100-calcium-binding protein-B

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The m.difying influence of HLA classⅡdQB1^(*)06:02 on the Streptococcus and clinical phenotype correlation among anti-Ro+mothers of children with neonatal lupus

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Genes & diseases 2023年第4期10卷 1169-1171页

作者： Robert m.Clancy carla J.Guthridge miranda C.marion Joel Guthridge Timothy d.Howard Peter m.Izmirly mala masson Jill P.Buyon Judith A.James Carl d.Langefeld department of m.dicine Division of RheumatologyNYU Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10016USA Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Oklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOK 73104USA department of Biostatistics and data Science Wake Forest School of MedicineWinstone SalemNC 27101USA Center for Precision m.dicine Wake Forest School of MedicineWinstoneSalemNC 27101USA department of Biochemistry Wake Forest School of MedicineWinstoneSalemNC 27101USA

The genus Streptococcus,a gram-positive bacterium,con-tains species associated with immune activation at morbid outcomes,including scarlet fever,endocarditis,meningitis,and rheumatic fever.In both stool and saliva,there is a pos-itive correlation between Streptococcus abundance and Sjogren’s syndrome(SS)and systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).

关键词： lupus mother fever Streptococcus

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In situ and operando infrared spectroscopy of battery systems:Progress and opportunities

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能源化学:英文版 2023年第6期81卷 472-491,I0011页

作者： murilo m.Amaral carla G.Real Victor Y.Yukuhiro Gustavo doubek Pablo S.Fernandez Gurpreet Singh Hudson Zanin Advanced Energy Storage division Center for Innovation on New EnergiesSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of CampinasCampinasSP 13083-852Brazil Alan Levin department of mechanical and Nuclear Engineering Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA Chemistry Institute Center for Innovation on New EnergiesUniversity of CampinasCampinasSP 13083-970Brazil Advanced Energy Storage division Center for Innovation on New EnergiesSchool of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of CampinasCampinasSP 13083-852Brazil

In situ and operando infrared spectroscopies are powerful techniques to support the design of novel materials for batteries and the development of new battery systems.These techniques can support the study of batteries by identifying the formation of new species and monitoring electrochemical energy stability.However,few works have employed these techniques,which can be used to investigate various materials,including systems beyond lithium-ion technology,in the research of batteries.Therefore,this review presents a comprehensive overview focusing on the main contributions of in situ and operando infrared spectroscopy for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)and other battery systems.These techniques can successfully identify the formation of species during the electrolyte reduction,electrode degradation,and the formation of the solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI)layer.From these outcomes,it is possible to conclude that this characterization approach should be employed as a protocol to overcome remaining issues in batteries,consequently supporting battery research.This review aims to be a guide on how infrared spectroscopy can contribute to monitoring battery systems and to lead researchers interested in applying this technique.

关键词： In situ spectroscopy Operando spectroscopy FTIR Spectro-electrochemical cells Batteries

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Liver disease in pregnancy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第8期15卷 897-906页

作者： Noel m Lee carla W Brady department of m.dicine Duke University Medical Center Durham NC 27710 United States division of Gastroenterology Duke University Medical Center Durham NC 27710 United States

Liver diseases in pregnancy may be categorized into liver disorders that occur only in the setting of pregnancy and liver diseases that occur coincidentally with pregnancy. Hyperemesis gravidarum, preeclampsia/eclampsia, syndrome of hemolysis, elevated liver tests and low platelets (HELLP), acute fatty liver of pregnancy, and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy are pregnancy-specific disorders that may cause elevations in liver tests and hepatic dysfunction. Chronic liver diseases, including cholestatic liver disease, autoimmune hepatitis, Wilson disease, and viral hepatitis may also be seen in pregnancy. management of liver disease in pregnancy requires collaboration between obstetricians and gastroenterologists/hepatologists. Treatment of pregnancy-specific liver disorders usually involves delivery of the fetus and supportive care, whereas management of chronic liver disease in pregnancy is directed toward optimizing control of the liver disorder. Cirrhosis in the setting of pregnancy is less commonly observed but offers unique challenges for patients and practitioners. This article reviews the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of liver diseases seen in pregnancy.

关键词：慢性肝病患者怀孕期间妊娠急性脂肪肝肝内胆汁淤积症胆汁淤积性肝病自身免疫性肝炎肝脏疾病肝豆状核变性

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Comparative studies of critical physiological limits and vulnerability to environmental extremes in small ectotherms:How much environmental control is needed?

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第4期13卷 355-371页

作者： Ary A.HOFFmANN carla m.SGRÒ School of BioSciences Bio21 InstituteThe University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia School of Biological Sciences Monash UniversityMelbourneAustralia

Researchers and practitioners are increasingly using comparative assessments of critical thermal and physiological limits to assess the relative vulnerability of ectothermic species to extreme thermal and aridity conditions occurring under climate change.In most assessments of vulnerability,critical limits are compared across taxa exposed to different environmental and developmental conditions.However,many aspects of vulnerability should ideally be compared when species are exposed to the same environmental conditions,allowing a partitioning of sources of variation such as used in quantitative genetics.This is particularly important when assessing the importance of different types of plasticity to critical limits,using phylogenetic analyses to test for evolutionary constraints,isolating genetic variants that contribute to limits,characterizing evolutionary interactions among traits limiting adaptive responses,and when assessing the role of cross generation effects.However,vulnerability assessments based on critical thermal/physiological limits also need to take place within a context that is relevant to field conditions,which is not easily provided under controlled environmental conditions where behavior,microhabitat,stress exposure rates and other factors will differ from field conditions.There are ways of reconciling these requirements,such as by taking organisms from controlled environments and then testing their performance under field conditions(or vice versa).While comparisons under controlled environments are challenging for many taxa,assessments of critical thermal limits and vulnerability will always be incomplete unless environmental effects within and across generations are considered,and where the ecological relevance of assays measuring critical limits can be established.

关键词： comparative studies common garden critical limits ectotherms environmental control thermal limits stress resistance

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