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Sudden Death in Sports: Case Report and Review of an Ongoing Problem

Health 2019年第1期11卷 67-80页

作者： María Elena Caparrós-Hernández Mónica García-Fernández carla miró-vicedo María del Mar Ponce-Abellán Andrea Ruso-Ruso María Dolores Jover-Ríos Juan Méndez-Mora Francisco Caparrós-Hernández Carmen Seguí-Pérez Marc Seguí-Pérez Pedro Esteve-Atiénzar Jorge Peris-García David Bonet-Tur Pablo Roig-Rico Asunción Pérez-Fullana José Miguel Seguí-Ripoll School of Medicine Miguel Hernández University Elche (Alicante) Spain Department of Internal Medicine Hospital La Vega Baja of Orihuela (Alicante) Spain Secondary School Marist Brothers High School Alicante Spain Department of Internal Medicine University Hospital of San Juan Alicante Spain Department of Clinical Medicine Miguel Hernández University Elche (Alicante) Spain

Background: Both competitive and recreational sports are considered a positive practice that is good for human health and quality of life, so it is difficult to understand how young, energetic and apparently healthy people can die while playing their usual sports. When these events occur in elite athletes during monitored events, they normally receive considerable media attention. Objective: To describe the case of sudden death in a young professional athlete who was successfully aided and resuscitated outside our hospital, and to review the literature about sudden death in sports. Materials and Method: We searched for Sudden Death (according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9 and ICD-10)) in our hospital but found no other relevant cases. We performed a literature search on the state of the art in sudden death (Google Scholar, PubMed, LILACS, Scielo and the Revista Española de Cardiología). Results: Although we observed that the prevalence of sudden death is not very high, it still represents a potentially avoidable event. An adequate medical examination prior to regular sporting practice can decrease the incidence of sudden death in athletes under the age of 35. Data available in the literature support medical check-ups that include history-taking, physical examination and electrocardiogram. The findings of this evaluation may also prompt further assessment (electrocardiograph, ergometry). Conclusions: We could not identify standard, obligatory guidelines for screening possible heart diseases causing cardiorespiratory failure and sudden death. As a measure for primary prevention, we propose a protocol for reducing the risk of sudden death in athletes.

关键词： Sudden Death Sports Athletes Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Implantable Automatic Defibrillator

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Combinatorial therapies for spinal cord injury repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1293-1308页

作者： carla S.Sousa Andreia Monteiro António J.Salgado Nuno A.Silva Life and Health Sciences Research Institute(ICVS) School of MedicineUniversity of MinhoCampus de Gualtar-gualtarBragaPortugal ICVS/3B’s Associate Lab PT Government Associated LabCampus de Gualtar-gualtarBragaPortugal

Spinal cord injuries have profound detrimental effects on individuals, regardless of whether they are caused by trauma or non-traumatic events. The compromised regeneration of the spinal cord is primarily attributed to damaged neurons, inhibitory molecules, dysfunctional immune response, and glial scarring. Unfortunately, currently, there are no effective treatments available that can fully repair the spinal cord and improve functional outcomes. Nevertheless, numerous pre-clinical approaches have been studied for spinal cord injury recovery, including using biomaterials, cells, drugs, or technological-based strategies. Combinatorial treatments, which target various aspects of spinal cord injury pathophysiology, have been extensively tested in the last decade. These approaches aim to synergistically enhance repair processes by addressing various obstacles faced during spinal cord regeneration. Thus, this review intends to provide scientists and clinicians with an overview of pre-clinical combinatorial approaches that have been developed toward the solution of spinal cord regeneration as well as update the current knowledge about spinal cord injury pathophysiology with an emphasis on the current clinical management.

关键词： electric stimulation neural tissue regeneration neuroprotection polytherapy spinal cord injury

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The emerging role of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles to ameliorate hippocampal NLRP3 inflammation induced by binge-like ethanol treatment in adolescence

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1153-1163页

作者： Susana Mellado María JoséMorillo-Bargues carla Perpiñá-Clérigues Francisco García-García Victoria Moreno-Manzano Consuelo Guerri María Pascual Department of Physiology School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of ValenciaValenciaSpain Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit Príncipe Felipe Research CenterValenciaSpain Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory Príncipe Felipe Research CenterValenciaSpain

Our previous studies have reported that activation of the NLRP3(NOD-,LRR-and pyrin domain-containing protein 3)-inflammasome complex in ethanol-treated astrocytes and chronic alcohol-fed mice could be associated with neuroinflammation and brain *** stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles(MSC-EVs)have been shown to restore the neuroinflammatory response,along with myelin and synaptic structural alterations in the prefrontal cortex,and alleviate cognitive and memory dysfunctions induced by binge-like ethanol treatment in adolescent *** the therapeutic role of the molecules contained in mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles,the present study analyzed whether the administration of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles isolated from adipose tissue,which inhibited the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome,was capable of reducing hippocampal neuroinflammation in adolescent mice treated with binge *** demonstrated that the administration of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles ameliorated the activation of the hippocampal NLRP3 inflammasome complex and other NLRs inflammasomes(e.g.,pyrin domain-containing 1,caspase recruitment domain-containing 4,and absent in melanoma 2,as well as the alterations in inflammatory genes(interleukin-1β,interleukin-18,inducible nitric oxide synthase,nuclear factor-kappa B,monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,and C–X3–C motif chemokine ligand 1)and mirNAs(mir-21a-5p,mir-146a-5p,and mir-141-5p)induced by binge-like ethanol treatment in adolescent *** analysis further revealed the involvement of mir-21a-5p and mir-146a-5p with inflammatory target genes and NOD-like receptor signaling *** together,these findings provide novel evidence of the therapeutic potential of MSC-derived EVs to ameliorate the hippocampal neuroinflammatory response associated with NLRP3 inflammasome activation induced by binge drinking in adolescence.

关键词： adolescence binge-like ethanol treatment extracellular vesicles hippocampus mesenchymal stem cells neuroinflammation NOD-,LRR-and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3)

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Standardness and Standard Automorphisms of Chevalley Groups,Ⅰ:the Case of Rank at Least Two

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2012年第5期33卷 783-800页

作者： carla BARDINI Department of Mathematics University of Milanovia C.Saldini 5020133MilanoItaly.

The author studies the linkage between the standardness and the standard automorphisms of ChevMley groups over rings. It is proved that if H is any standard subgroup of G（R）, then each of its automorphisms can be extended to an automorphism of G（R, I）, restricted to an automorphism of E（R, I）, and an automorphism of E（R, I） can be extended to one of G（R, I）. The case of Chevalley groups of rank at least two is treated in this paper. Further results about the case of Chevalley groups of rank one, the case of nomcommutative ground ring and some others exceptions will appear elsewhere.

关键词： Chevalley groups Standardness Standard automorphism

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Extremal Betti Numbers of Some Cohen-Macaulay Binomial Edge Ideals

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Algebra Colloquium 2021年第3期28卷 415-430页

作者： carla Mascia Giancarlo Rinaldo Department of Mathematicsf University of Trento Via Sommarive 14 38123PovoTrentoItaly

We provide the regularity and the Cohen-Macaulay type of binomial edge ideals of Cohen-Macaulay cones,and we show the extremal Betti numbers of some classes of Cohen-Macaulay binomial edge ideals:Cohen-Macaulay bipartite and fan *** addition,we compute the Hilbert-Poincare series of the binomial edge ideals of some Cohen-Macaulaybipartitegraphs.

关键词： binomial edge ideal Cohen-Macaulay type extremal Betti number

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Intravascular contrast agents in diagnostic applications： Use of red blood cells to improve the lifespan and efficacy of blood pool contrast agents

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Nano Research 2017年第3期10卷 731-766页

作者： Antonella Antonelli carla Sfara Mauro Magnani Department of Biomolecular Sciences Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section University of Urbino 'Carlo Bo' Via Saffi 2 61029Urbino (PU) Italy

In medicine, discrimination between pathologies and normal areas is of great importance, and in most cases, such discrimination is made possible by novel imaging technologies. Numerous modalities have been developed to visualize tissue vascularization in cardiovascular diseases or during angiogenic and vasculogenic processes. Here, we report the recent advances in vasculature imaging, providing an overview of the current non-invasive approaches in biomedical diagnostics and potential future strategies for prognostic assessment of vessel diseases, such as aneurysms and coronary artery occlusion leading to myocardial infarction. There are several contrast agents （CAs） available to improve the visibility of specific tissues at the early stage of diseases, allowing for rapid treatment. However, CAs are also hampered by numerous limitations, including rapid diffusion from blood vessels into the interstitial space, toxicity, and low sensitivity. Extravasation from blood vessels leads to a rapid loss of the image. If the contrast medium can fully be confined to the vascular space, high-resolution structural and functional vascular imaging could be obtained. Many scientists have contributed new materials and/or new carrier systems. For example, the use of red blood cells （RBCs） as CA-delivery systems appears to provide a scalable alternative to current procedures that allows adequate vascular imaging. Recognition and removal of CAs from the circulation can be prevented and/or delayed by using RBCs as biomimetic CA-carriers, and this technology should be clinically validated.

关键词： diagnostic applications magnetic resonanceimaging (MRI) vascular contrast agents red blood cells medical imaging new tomography

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Liver disease in menopause

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第25期21卷 7613-7620页

作者： carla W Brady Division of Gastroenterology Duke University Medical Center

There are numerous physiologic and biochemical changes in menopause that can affect the function of the liver and mediate the development of liver disease. Menopause represents a state of growing estrogen deficiency, and this loss of estrogen in the setting of physiologic aging increases the likelihood of mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, declining immune responses to injury, and disarray in the balance between antioxidant formation and oxidative stress. The sum effect of these changes can contribute to increased susceptibility to development of significant liver pathology, particularly nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as accelerated progression of fibrosis in liver diseases, as has been particularly demonstrated in hepatitis C virus liver disease. Recognition of the unique nature of these mediating factors should raise suspicion for liver disease in perimenopausal and menopausal women and offer an opportunity for implementation of aggressive treatment measures so as to avoid progression of liver disease to cirrhosis, liver cancer and liver failure.

关键词： Liver disease Menopause Aging

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Adult neurogenesis and regeneration in zebrafish brain: are the neurotrophins involved in?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第12期14卷 2067-2068页

作者： Pietro Cacialli carla Lucini Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Naples Federico Ⅱ

Neurotrophins (NTs) are implicated in the maintenance and survival of the peripheral and central nervous systems and mediate several forms of synaptic plasticity. Members of the family include nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), NT3, and NT4. NTs were first identified as survival factors for developing neurons, but are pleiotropic molecules that can exert a variety of functions, including the regulation of neuronal differentiation, axonal and dendritic growth, and synaptic plasticity (Bothwell, 2014). NTs interact with two distinct types of receptors: the common p75 neurotrophin receptor, which belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily of death receptors and the Trk receptor tyrosine kinase family.

关键词： Adult neurogenesis regeneration neurotrophins

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Role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor during the regenerative response after traumatic brain injury in adult zebrafish

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第6期13卷 941-944页

作者： Pietro Cacialli Antonio Palladino carla Lucini Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Naples Federico Ⅱ

Several mammalian animal models of traumatic brain injury have been used, mostly rodents. However, reparative mechanisms in mammalian brain are very limited, and newly formed neurons do not survive for long time. The brain of adult zebrafish, a teleost fish widely used as vertebrate model, possesses high regenerative properties after injury due to the presence of numerous stem cells niches. The ventricular lining of the zebrafish dorsal telencephalon is the most studied neuronal stem cell niche because its dorso-lateral zone is considered the equivalent to the hippocampus of mammals which contains one of the two constitutive neurogenic niches of mammals. To mimic TBI, stab wound in the dorso-lateral telencephalon of zebrafish was used in studies devoted to fish regenerative properties. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, which is known to play key roles in the repair process after traumatic brain lesions, persists around the lesioned area of injured telencephalon of adult zebrafish. These results are extensively compared to reparative processes in rodent brain. Considering the complete repair of the damaged area in fish, it could be tempting to consider brain-derived neurotrophic factor as a factor contributing to create a permissive environment that enables the establishment of new neuronal population in damaged brain.

关键词： brain-derived neurotrophic factor neurotrophins neurotrophic factors brain telencephalon teleost fish traumatic brain injury lesion neurons

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From gene editing to genome engineering: restructuring plant chromosomes via CRISPR/Cas

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aBIOTECH 2020年第1期1卷 21-31页

作者： carla Schmidt Patrick Schindele Holger Puchta Botanical Institute Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyPOB 698076133 KarlsruheGermany

In the last years,tremendous progress has been achieved in the field of gene editing in *** the induction of single site-specific double-strand breaks(DSBs),the knockout of genes by non-homologous end joining has become routine in many plant ***,the efficiency of inducing pre-planned mutations by homologous recombination has also been improved ***,very little effort has been undertaken until now to achieve more complex changes in plant genomes by the simultaneous induction of several *** reports have been published on the efficient induction of ***,the induction of intrachromosomal inversions and interchromosomal recombination by the use of CRISPR/Cas has only recently been *** this review,we want to sum up these results and put them into context with regards to what is known about natural chromosome rearrangements in ***,we review the recent progress in CRISPR/Cas-based mammalian chromosomal rearrangements,which might be inspiring for plant *** the long run,the controlled restructuring of plant genomes should enable us to link or break linkage of traits at will,thus defining a new area of plant breeding.

关键词： Chromosomal rearrangements CRISPR/Cas Genome engineering Inversion Translocation

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