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Evaluation of freezing state of sandstone using ultrasonic.time-frequenc. c.arac.eristic.

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Journal of Roc. Mec.anic. and Geotec.nic.l Engineering 2023年第3期15卷 584-599页

作者： Jiwei Zhang Julian Murton Tim cane Vikram Maji Lili Sui Shujie Liu Song Zhang University of Sc.enc. and Tec.nology Beijing Beijing100083China Permafrost Laboratory Department of GeographyUniversity of SussexBrightonBN19QJUK Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Underground Spac. Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Department of Earth Sc.enc.s Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpurIndia North c.ina University of Tec.nology Beijing100041China

c.mmon problems in engineering projec.s that involve artific.al ground freezing of soil or roc. inc.ude inadequate thic.ness,strength and c.ntinuity of artific.al frozen *** is diffic.lt to evaluate the freezing state using only a few thermometer holes at fixed positions or with other existing *** we report a novel experimental design that investigates c.anges in ultrasonic.properties(rec.ived waveform,wave veloc.ty V_(p),wave amplitude,frequenc. spec.rum,c.ntroid frequenc. f_(c.,kurtosis of the frequenc. spec.rum KFS,and quality fac.or Q)measured during upward freezing,c.mpared with those during uniform freezing,in order to determine the freezing state in 150 mm c.bic.bloc.s of Ardingly *** c.ntent,porosity and density were estimated during upward freezing to asc.rtain water migration and c.anges of porosity and density at different *** period of rec.iving the wave inc.eased substantially and c.da waves c.anged from loose to c.mpac. during both upward and uniform *** trend of inc.easing V_(p) c.n be divided into three stages during uniform *** upward freezing,V_(p) inc.eased more or less *** frequenc. spec.rum c.uld be used as a c.nvenient and rapid method to identify different freezing states of sandstone(unfrozen,upward frozen,and uniformly frozen).The c.ntinuous c.anges in reflec.ion c.effic.ent r_(φ),refrac.ion c.effic.ent t_(φ) and ac.ustic.impedanc. field are the major reason for larger reflec.ion and refrac.ion during upward freezing c.mpared with uniform *** veloc.ty V_(p),wave amplitude A_(h),c.ntroid frequenc. f_(c. and quality fac.or Q were adopted as ultrasonic.parameters to evaluate quantitatively the temperature T of uniformly frozen sandstone,and their applic.tion within a radar c.art is *** of V_(p) provides a c.nvenient method to evaluate the freezing state and c.lc.late the c.yofront height and frozen sec.ion thic.ness of upward frozen sandstone,with

关键词： Frozen sandstone Uniform freezing Upward freezing Ultrasonic.testing Freezing state

Following a TRAIL: Update on a ligand and its five rec.ptors

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c.ll Researc. 2004年第5期14卷 359-372页

作者： Fiona c. KIMBERLEY,Gavin R. Sc.EATON Weatherall Institute of Molec.lar Medic.ne Human Immunology Unit John Radc.iffe Hospital Oxford OX3 9DS UK Department of Medic.ne Hammersmith Hospital Imperial c.llege Du cane Road London W12 0NN UK.

Identific.tion of tumour nec.osis fac.or apoptosis induc.ng ligand (TRAIL), a TNF family ligand, sparked a torrent of researc., following an initial observation that it c.uld kill tumour c.lls, but spare normal c.lls. Almost a dec.de after its disc.very, and with five known rec.ptors, the true physiologic.l role of TRAIL is still debated and its anti-tumorigenic. properties limited by potential toxic.ty. This review takes a c.mprehensive look at the story of this enigmatic.ligand, addressing its remaining potential as a therapeutic.and providing an overview of the TRAIL rec.ptors themselves.

关键词： TRAIL apoptosis c.nc.r.

Predic.ion of Low Heating Value of Sugar cane Bagasse as a Fuel for Industrial Boilers in the High Relative Humidity Region: c.se of c.meroon

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Open Journal of Applied Sc.enc.s 2024年第6期14卷 1604-1624页

作者： Pierre Kana-Donfac. Maxell Tientc.eu-Nsiewe Denis Tc.eukam-Toko c.sar Kapseu Department of Mec.anic.l Engineering College of Technology University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Fundamental Sc.enc.s and Engineering Tec.nology School of Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries University of Ngaoudr Ngaoudr Cameroon Department of Proc.ss Engineering National School of Agro-Industrial Science University of Ngaoundr Ngaoudr Cameroon

Many attempts have been made to estimate c.lorific.value of bagasse using mathematic.l equations, whic. were c.eated based on data from proximate, ultimate, physic.l and c.emic.l analysis. Questions have been raised on the applic.bility of these equations in different parts of the globe. This study was initiated to tac.le these problems and also c.ec. the most suited mathematic.l models for the Law Heating Value of c.meroonian bagasse. Data and bagasse samples were c.llec.ed at the c.meroonian sugarcane fac.ory. The effec.s of cane variety, age of harvesting, sourc., moisture c.ntent, and suc.ose on the LHV of c.meroon bagasse have been tested. It was shown that humidity does not c.ange within a variety, but c.anges from the dry season to the rainy season;the sugar in the rainy season is signific.ntly different from that c.llec.ed in the dry season. Samples of the same variety have identic.l LHV. LHV in the dry season is signific.ntly different from LHV in the rainy season. Ac.ording to the fac. that this study was done for cane with different ages of harvesting, the maturity of c.meroonian sugarcane does not affec. LHV of bagasse. Tree selec.ed models are muc. superior tool for the predic.ion of the LHV for bagasse in c.meroon c.mpared to others. The standard deviation of these validated models is around 200 kJ/kg c.mpared to the experimental. Thus, the models determined in foreign c.untries, are not nec.ssarily applic.ble in predic.ing the LHV of bagasse in other c.untries with the same ac.urac. as that in their native c.untry. There was linear relationship between humidity, ash and sugar c.ntent in the bagasse. It is possible to build models based on data from physic.l c.mposition of bagasse using regression analysis.

关键词： Sugarcane Bagasse Relative Humidity Ash Low Heating Value

cane toads beneath bird rookeries： utilization of a natural disturbanc. by an invasive spec.es

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c.rrent Zoology 2018年第4期64卷 433-439页

作者： Damian c. LETTOOF Jessic. A. LYONS Ric.ard SHINE Grdgoire MANIEL Martin MAYER Daniel J, D.NATUSc.a Sc.ool of Life and Environmental Sc.enc.s University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Resourc. Evaluation and Development Bamaga QLD 4876 Australia 87 c.urs Aristide Briand 33000 Bordeaux France Fac.lty of Arts and Sc.enc.s University College of Southeast Norway Bei Telemark Norway

Many invasive spec.es exploit anthropogenic.lly disturbed habitats, but most of those taxa evolved long before humans. Presumably, then, an ability to use natural （non-anthropogenic. disturbanc.s pre-adapted invaders to a world later degraded by people. Studies on invasive spec.es in naturally disturbed habitats thus c.n c.arify the anc.stral nic.e of invaders. In the Australian tropic., metallic.starlings Aplonis metallic. nest c.mmunally in emergent rainforest trees during the wet-season, and invasive cane toads Rhinella marina join other predators （mammals, birds, reptiles, and other anurans） to exploit the food resourc.s beneath those trees. c.mpared to c.nspec.fic. found along nearby roads through the forest, cane toads beneath bird-nesting trees oc.ur at higher densities, and are smaller in body size. The sex ratio is female-biased, and rec.pture rec.rds suggest that fe- males may be philopatric.at these sites （whereas rec.ptures were rare for both sexes found along the roads）. Some toads were found under the same trees in suc.essive wet-seasons. Spooling showed that distanc.s moved per night were similar along the road versus under the trees, but toads under trees showed lower net displac.ments. Diets also differed （based upon sc.t analysis）, with tree toads feeding more on beetles and less on ants. These nutrient-ric. hotspots are ex- ploited primarily by adult females and juvenile toads, whereas adult males c.ngregate at breeding sites. By magnifying pre-existing intraspec.fic.divergenc.s in habitat use, bird rookeries may en- hanc. population viability of cane toads by enabling c.itic.l age and sex c.asses to exploit food- ric. patc.es that are rarely used by adult males.

关键词： anc.stral nic.e c.mmunal nesting nic.e partitioning pre-adaptation spatial ec.logy

THE PAPER AND PAPERBOARD PRODUc.ION IN c.BA WITH BAGASSE PULPS

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THE PAPER AND PAPERBOARD PRODUCTION IN CUBA WITH BAGASSE PUL...

Sugarcane Yield Variations in Northern and c.ntral Ivory c.ast as Influenc.d by Soil Water Balanc. over Two c.itic.l Growth Stages

1988国际非木材纤维制浆造纸会议

作者： Abril,A. Aguero,c. Hdez,A. UIP de la c.lulosa del Bagazo "c.ba-9" P.O.BOX 8 Quivic.n Hahana.c.ba.Telex 51-1667 Ic.Dc.c.. UIP de la c.lulosa del Bagazo "c.ba-9" P.O.BOX 8 Quivic.n Hahana.c.ba.Telex 51-1667 Ic.Dc.c.. UIP de la c.lulosa del Bagazo "c.ba-9" P.O.BOX 8 Quivic.n Hahana.c.ba.Telex 51-1667 Ic.Dc.c..

＜正＞Sugar cane bagasse is one of the most non wood fibrous raw material used and with better perspec.ives for the paper and paperboard produc.ion in the sugar cane produc.rs c.untries, whic. in general do not have high wood resourc.s availables for paper produc.ion. c.ba is the highest sugar cane exporter all over the world;hy the other hand there is no forest resourc.s, it means that in spite of the bagasse fuel value, the c.ban Paper Industry development has to be based mainly in thin raw material. c.ba was one of the first c.untries that started in 1915 the paper and paper-board produc.ion based on bagasse pulps in a limited way. Now there are nine paper and paperboard mills in the c.untry four of them are integrated mills using several pulping proc.sses. In this paper the main experienc.s in researc.ing at labora tory, pilot plant and industrial sc.le based on the pruduc.tion of paper and paperboard from sugar cane bagasse are presented. Bleac.ed bagasse c.emic.l pulps are mainly used for the produc.ion of writing and printing papers （offset papers）. Its strength and optic.l properties are desc.ibed. Researc. experienc.s dealing with the use of c.ban natural c.lc.um c.rbonate as paper filler instead of imported c.ay are also presented. Offset printing papers were produc.d. The traditional sizing proc.ss was modified by a new sodium al uminate-rosin-alum system in order to size the paper in neutral medium. The main papermaking c.arac.eristic. of the flutting paper produc.d from bagasse sugar cane semic.emic.l pulp are analyzed as well as the potentiality of the mec.anic.l type of pulp from bagasse on the produc.ion of paper and paperboard for industrial purposes and for writing and printing papers. It is c.nc.uded that in general sugar- cane bagasse c.n he used as a raw material for different kind of papers and paperboards.

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Journal of Agric.ltural Sc.enc. and Tec.nology 2011年第2期5卷 220-225页

作者： c. B. Pene S. G. Koulibaly Researc. and Development Management SUCAF-CI Ferk~ Sugar mills Abidjan 33 rue des Brasseurs 01 P.O. Box 1967 IvoryCoast Agric.ltural Tec.niques Management SUCAF-CI Ferk~ Sugar mills 33 rue des Brasseurs O1 P.O. Box 1967 Ivory Coast

The influenc. of water defic.t as main cane yield limiting fac.or in Ivory c.ast was investigated on SUc.F Ferke 2 and Suc.ivoire Zuenoula sugarcane c.mmerc.al plantations. A soil water balanc. model was used to assess c.op water uptake over two c.itic.l growth stages, namely stem elongation and yield formation, to be c.rrelated with cane yields. Under simulated rainfed c.nditions, average yields performed on yearly basis （from 1991 to 1997） in both sites were highly dependent （linearly） on average c.op water satisfac.ion ratio （ETa/ETm） over these c.itic.l growth stages. Under real field c.nditions in Ferke 2 （irrigation water being c.nsidered in addition to rainfall）, cane yields of early as well as late maturing sugarcane varieties obtained on yearly basis were dependent on average c.op water satisfac.ion ratio over both growth stages. In Zudnoula, cane yield fluc.uations were generally not predic.ed by c.op water satisfac.ion ratio, regardless the c.opping season c.nsidered. However, average cane yields obtained from year to year over the study period in both sugarcane sc.emes were highly dependent on the average c.op water uptake ratio. This shows the important c.ntribution of water in predic.ing yearly variations of average cane yields produc.d on Ivorian sugarcane c.mmerc.al plantations.

关键词： Sugarcane yield irrigation management water uptake limiting fac.or Ivory c.ast.

A Revised c.ec.list of Amphibians and Reptiles in c.miguin Sur,Misamis Oriental,Mindaanao,Philippines

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Asian Herpetologic.l Researc. 2020年第1期11卷 28-43页

作者： Russell Evan L·VENTURINA Ynigo Luis c.DEL PRADO Rhim Ayyah c.KAMIR Marlon N·BALMORES Arvin c.DIESMOS Department of Biology College of ScienceDe La Salle UniversityTaft AvenueManila The Graduate Sc.ool University of Santo TomasEsparaManila Mindanao State Uniersity-ligan Institute of Tec.nology Iligan CityMindanao Herpetology Sec.ion Zoology DivisionNational Museum of Natural HistoryPhilippines

The Philippines is listed as one of the world's megadiverse c.untries despite its small ***,it is also on the list of global biodiversity c.nservation *** the threat of extinc.ion at an all-time high,better understa nding of the arc.ipelago's biodiversity will provide invalua ble baseline information for proper c.nservation *** we provide an upda ted c.ec.list on the herpetologic.l biodiversity of c. miguin Sur,Misa mis Oriental,Minda nao,*** surveys and spec.men c.llec.ion from the munic.pality of Mambajao resulted in a total of 28 spec.es(13 anurans,11 lizards,and four snakes)-all well represented by vouc.er *** data provides seven additional spec.es rec.rds,upda ting the island's total amphibian and reptile spec.es c.unt to 57,with about half Philippine *** in the new rec.rds are three invasive alien spec.es of amphibians:The cane Toad Rhinella marina,the Greenhouse Frog Eleutherodatylus planirstris,and the Asiatic.Painted Narrowmouth Toad Kaloula pulc.ra.

关键词： c.miguin Sur amphibians and reptiles biodiversity c.nservation

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Predic.ion of Low Heating Value of Sugar cane Bagasse as a Fuel for Industrial Boilers in the High Relative Humidity Region: c.se of c.meroon

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混合海气耦合模式的研制和El Nino的预告试验

Open Journal of Applied Sc.enc.s（应用科学） 2024年第6期 1604页

作者： Pierre Kana-Donfac. Maxell Tientc.eu-Nsiewe Denis Tc.eukam-Toko c.sar Kapseu

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大气科学 1998年第3期22卷 265-273页

作者：倪允琪 S.E.Zebiak M.A.cane L.Marx J.Shukla 南京大学大气科学系

所使用的海气耦合模式是由ＣＯＬＡＲ１５ＡＧＣＭ和简单的ＣＺ海洋模式耦合而成。使用该混合海气耦合模式完成了１５次ＥＮＳＯ试验预报，预告和观测的Ｎｉｎｏ３指数超前１５个月的相关系数达０６（在００１有意义水平上该相关系... 详细信息

所使用的海气耦合模式是由ＣＯＬＡＲ１５ＡＧＣＭ和简单的ＣＺ海洋模式耦合而成。使用该混合海气耦合模式完成了１５次ＥＮＳＯ试验预报，预告和观测的Ｎｉｎｏ３指数超前１５个月的相关系数达０６（在００１有意义水平上该相关系数在统计上是有意义的），超前一年半的Ｎｉｎｏ３指数的预告误差大约为０６～０９°Ｃ。预告结果表明混合海气耦合模式具有预测ＥＮＳＯ的能力达１５个月。最后，还讨论了该模式的优点和进一步改进的途径。

关键词：混合海气耦合模式预告试验厄尔尼诺

维普期刊数据库