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Improving Generalization for Hyperspectral Image Classification:The Impact of Disjoint Sampling on Deep Models

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第10期81卷 503-532页

作者： Muhammad Ahmad Manuel Mazzara salvatore Distefano Adil Mehmood Khan Hamad Ahmed Altuwaijri Department of Computer Science National University of Computer and Emerging SciencesChiniot35400Pakistan Institute of Software Development and Engineering Innopolis UniversityInnopolis420500Russia Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica—MIFT University of MessinaMessina98121Italy School of Computer Science University of HullHullHU67RXUK Department of Geography College of Humanities and Social SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia

Disjoint sampling is critical for rigorous and unbiased evaluation of state-of-the-art(SOTA)models e.g.,Attention Graph and Vision *** training,validation,and test sets overlap or share data,it introduces a bias that inflates performance metrics and prevents accurate assessment of a model’s true ability to generalize to new *** paper presents an innovative disjoint sampling approach for training SOTA models for the Hyperspectral Image Classification(HSIC).By separating training,validation,and test data without overlap,the proposed method facilitates a fairer evaluation of how well a model can classify pixels it was not exposed to during training or *** demonstrate the approach significantly improves a model’s generalization compared to alternatives that include training and validation data in test data(A trivial approach involves testing the model on the entire Hyperspectral dataset to generate the ground truth *** approach produces higher accuracy but ultimately results in low generalization performance).Disjoint sampling eliminates data leakage between sets and provides reliable metrics for benchmarking progress in *** sampling is critical for advancing SOTA models and their real-world application to large-scale land mapping with Hyperspectral ***,with the disjoint test set,the performance of the deep models achieves 96.36%accuracy on Indian Pines data,99.73%on Pavia University data,98.29%on University of Houston data,99.43%on Botswana data,and 99.88%on Salinas data.

关键词： Hyperspectral image classification disjoint sampling Graph CNN spatial-spectral transformer

Histopathology of hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第43期20卷 15955-15964页

作者： Manuel Schlageter Luigi Maria Terracciano salvatore D'Angelo Paolo Sorrentino Department of Pathology University Hospital Basel Liver Unit Clinical and Experimental HepatologyS.G.Moscati General Hospital

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is currently the sixth most common type of cancer with a high mortality rate and an increasing incidence *** etiology is usually linked to environmental,dietary or lifestyle *** most commonly arises in a cirrhotic liver but interestingly an increasing proportion of HCCs develop in the non-fibrotic or minimal fibrotic liver and a shift in the underlying etiology can be *** this process is yet to be completely understood,this changing scenario also has impact on the material seen by pathologists,presenting them with new diagnostic *** criteria for diagnosing classical,progressed HCC are well established and known,but with an increase in detection of small and early HCCs due to routine screening programs,the diagnosis of these small lesions in core needle biopsies poses a difficult *** lesions can be far more difficult to distinguish from one another than progressed HCC,which is usually a clear cut hematoxylin and eosin *** lesions thought to derive from progenitor cells have recently been reclassified in the *** review summarizes recent developments and tries to put new HCC biomarkers in context with the WHOs *** it also addresses the group of tumors known as combined hepatocellular-cholangiocellular carcinomas.

关键词： Histology Pathology Hepatocellular carinoma

Microscopic theory of exciton and trion polaritons in doped monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 891-900页

作者： Yaroslav Vladimirovich Zhumagulov salvatore Chiavazzo Dmitry Romanovich Gulevich Vasili Perebeinos Ivan Andreevich Shelykh Oleksandr Kyriienko University of Regensburg Regensburg93040Germany Department of Physics and Engineering ITMO UniversitySt.Petersburg197101Russia Department of Physics and Astronomy University of ExeterStocker RoadExeterEX44QLUnited Kingdom Department of Electrical Engineering University at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNY14260USA Science Institute University of IcelandDunhagi-3IS-107ReykjavikIceland

We study a doped transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) monolayer in an optical *** the microscopic theory,we simulate spectra of quasiparticles emerging due to the interaction of material excitations and a high-finesse optical mode,providing a comprehensive analysis of optical spectra as a function of Fermi energy and predicting several modes in the strong light-matter coupling *** addition to exciton-polaritons and trion-polaritons,we report polaritonic modes that become bright due to the interaction of excitons with free *** large doping,we reveal strongly coupled modes corresponding to excited trions that hybridize with a cavity *** also demonstrate that the increase of carrier concentration can change the nature of the system’s ground state from the dark to the bright *** results offer a unified description of polaritonic modes in a wide range of free electron densities.

关键词： polar transition theory

Assessment of cardiac function in infants with transposition of the great arteries after surgery: comparison of two methods

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第4期14卷 373-377页

作者： Fan Yang Roberta Iacobelli Jian-Ming Wang Fiore salvatore Iorio Cardiac Surgery Department Hebei Province Children's HospitalNo.133Jianhua South StreetShijiazhuang 050031China Pediatric Cardiology Center of Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù Piazza S.Onofrio 400165 RomeItaly

Background Assessment of cardiac function is crucial in pediatric patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery, monitoring cardiac output and changing hemodynamic conditions during surgery accordingly is important to improve post-surgical outcome. We aimed to measure cardiac index (CI) and maximal rate of the increase of left ventricular pressure dp/dt(max) with the pressure recording analytic method (PRAM, MostCare?) and compared it with transthoracic echocardiographic cardiac index estimation in infants with transposition of the great arteries (TGA) undergoing surgical correction. Methods We enrolled 74 infants with TGA consecutively into this study. CI and dp/dt(max) were measured with PRAM and echocardiography at 0, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h postoperatively. Blood brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and blood lactate (Lac) were measured at baseline and after operation. Results The median age at surgery was 13 days (range 1–25 days) with an average weight of 3.24 kg (range 2.31–4.17 kg). CI esti-mated by PRAM was 1.11 ± 0.12 L/min/m2 (range 0.69–1.36) and by Doppler echocardiography was 1.13 ± 0.13 L/min/m2 (range 0.76–1.40). dp/dt(max) estimated by PRAM was 1.31 ± 0.03 mmHg/s (range 1.23–1.43) and by Doppler echocardiography was 1.31 ± 0.04 L/min/m2 (range 1.25–1.47). CI (r = 0.817,P< 0.001) and dp/dt(max) (r = 0.794,P< 0.001) measured by two meth-ods were highly correlated with a linear relation. Blood BNP and lactate increased to the highest level at 8–12 h post-operatively. Conclusions In the early post-operative period, PRAM provides reliable estimates of cardiac index and dp/dt(max) value compared with echocardiographic measurements. PRAM through mostcare? is a reliable continuous monitoring method for peri-operative management in children with congenital heart disease.

关键词： Cardiac index Doppler echocardiography dp/dt(max) Pressure recording analytic method Transposition of the great arteries

Diet and nutrition against inflammatory bowel disease: Trick or treat(ment)?

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2022年第5期12卷 104-107页

作者： salvatore Greco Beatrice Bonsi NicolòFabbri Department of Translational Medicine University of FerraraFerrara 44100Italy Department of Internal Medicine Azienda UnitàSanitaria Locale Di FerraraOspedale del DeltaAzienda UnitàSanitaria Locale di FerraraFerrara 44100Italy Unit of General Surgery Azienda UnitàSanitaria Locale di FerraraOspedale del DeltaAzienda UnitàSanitaria Locale di FerraraFerrara 44100Italy

Even if the relationships between nutrition and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)remain underexplored,the current literature is providing,day by day,much more evidence on the effects of various diets in both prevention and treatment of such *** dietary habits,together with other environmental factors such as pollution,breastfeeding,smoke,and/or antibiotics,are among the theoretical pathogenetic causes of IBD,whose multifactorial aetiology has been already *** some of these risk factors are potentially reversible,some others cannot be avoided,and efficient treatments become necessary to prevent IBD spread or ***,the drugs currently available for treatment of such disease provide low-to-no effect against the symptoms,making the illnesses still strongly *** nutrition and specific diets will prove to effectively interrupt the course of IBD has still to be clarified and,in this sense,further research concerning the applications of such dietary interventions is still needed.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Inflammatory bowel disease Diet Nutrition Treatment

Epilepsy in Prader-Willi syndrome:clinical,diagnostic and treatment aspects

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2014年第2期10卷 108-113页

作者： Alberto Verrotti Claudia Soldani Daniela Laino Renato d'Alonzo salvatore Grosso Department of Pediatrics University of PerugiaSant'Andrea delle FrattePerugiaItaly Department of Pediatrics University of SienaItaly

Background:Epilepsy associated with Prader-Willi syndrome(PWS)represents an early and important complication,often not clearly reported and described in the ***,there are controversial data about the clinical characteristics of epilepsy and electroencephalographic(EEG)abnormalities found in these *** sources:Based on recent original publications,we have reviewed the different types of seizures and EEG findings in PWS patients,the response to antiepileptic treatment,and the prognosis of ***:The frequency of epilepsy in PWS patients ranges from 4%to 26%.The types of seizure include generalized tonic-clonic seizures,complex partial seizures,atypical absence,staring spells,and myoclonic,tonic and hemiclonic seizures,but the most frequent type is focal *** epilepticus has never been *** abnormalities are not typical but variable in different ***,generalized and focal discharges are the most frequently reported *** is no evidence of relationship between the course of epilepsy and frequency,morphology and spread of EEG ***,epilepsy in PWS patients is usually responsive to antiepileptic monotherapy with rapid seizure control and a good ***:The frequency of epilepsy is higher in PWS patients than in general populations and this complication can be a challenge for the clinicians of these *** studies are needed to confirm the good long-term prognosis.

关键词： epilepsy Prader-Willi syndrome prognosis

Direct antiviral agents in hepatitis C virus related liver disease:Don’t count the chickens before they’re hatched

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第21期27卷 2771-2783页

作者： Stella Compagnoni Erica Maria Bruno Giorgio Madonia Marco Cannizzaro salvatore Madonia Department of Internal Medicine V.Cervello HospitalUniversity of PalermoPalermo 90146Italy Department of Surgical Oncological and Oral SciencesSection of Medical OncologyUniversity of PalermoPalermo 90127Italy Department of Emergency Medicine A.Ajello HospitalTrapani 91026Italy Department of Internal Medicine V.Cervello HospitalPalermo 90146Italy

Since molecules with direct-acting antiviral(DAA)became available,the landscape of the treatment of hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection has completely *** new drugs are extremely effective in eradicating infection,and treatment is very well tolerated with a duration of 8-12 *** review aims to report the outstanding clinical benefits of DAA and to highlight their critical disadvantages,identifying some clinically relevant hot ***,do the rates of virological response remain as high when patients with more advanced cirrhosis are considered?Large studies have shown slightly lower but still satisfactory rates of response in these ***,modified schedules with an extended treatment duration and use of ribavirin may be ***,does the treatment of HCV infection affect the risk of occurrence and recurrence of liver cancer?Incidence is reduced after viral eradication but remains high enough to warrant periodic surveillance for an early *** contrast,the risk of recurrence seems to be unaffected by viral clearance;however,DAA treatment improves survival because of the reduced risk of progression of liver ***,can HCV treatment also have favorable effects on major comorbidities?HCV eradication is associated with a reduced incidence of diabetes,an improvement in glycemic control and a decreased risk of cardiovascular events;nevertheless,a risk of hypoglycemia during DAA treatment has been ***,is it safe to treat patients with HCV/hepatitis B virus(HBV)coinfection?In this setting,HCV is usually the main driver of viral activity,while HBV replication is *** various studies have described HBV reactivation after HCV clearance,a baseline evaluation for HBV coinfection and a specific follow-up is mandatory.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Direct antiviral activity Advanced cirrhosis Liver cancer Diabetes mellitus Hepatitis C virus/hepatitis B virus coinfection

Investigating the influence of segmentation in estimating safety performance functions for roadway sections

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2018年第2期5卷 129-136页

作者： salvatore Cafiso Carmelo D'Agostino Bhagwant Persaud Department of Civil Engineering & Architecture University of Catania Department of Civil Engineering Ryerson University

Safety performance functions（SPFs） are crucial to science-based road safety *** in developing and applying SPFs, apart data quality and availability, depends fundamentally on two key factors： the validity of the statistical inferences for the available data and on how well the data can be organized into distinct homogeneous entities. The latter aspect plays a key role in the identification and treatment of road sections or corridors with problems related to safety. Indeed, the segmentation of a road network could be especially critical in the development of SPFs that could be used in safety management for roadway types, such as motorways（freeways in North America）, which have a large number of variables that could result in very short segments if these are desired to be homogeneous. This consequence, from an analytical point of view, can be a problem when the location of crashes is not precise and when there is an overabundance of segments with zero crashes. Lengthening the segments for developing and applying SPFs can mitigate this problem, but at a sacrifice of homogeneity. This paper seeks to address this dilemma by investigating four approaches for segmentation for motorways, using sample data from Italy. The best results were obtained for the segmentation based on two curves and two tangents within a segment and with fixed length segments. The segmentation characterized by a constant value of all original variables inside each segment was the poorest approach by all measures.

关键词： Road safety management Rural motorways Safety performance functions Segmentation Crash prediction General estimating equation

In-vehicle stereo vision system for identification of traffic conflicts between bus and pedestrian

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2017年第1期4卷 3-13页

作者： salvatore Caofiso Alessandro Di Graziano Giuseppina Pappalarelo Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture University of CataniaCataniaItaly

The traffic conflict technique （TCT） was developed as ＂surrogate measure of road safety＂ to identify near-crash events by using measures of the spatial and temporal proximity of road users. Traditionally applications of TCT focus on a specific site by the way of manually or automated supervision. Nowadays the development of in-vehicle （IV） technologies pro- vides new opportunities for monitoring driver behavior and interaction with other road users directly into the traffic stream. In the paper a stereo vision and GPS system for traffic conflict investigation is presented for detecting conflicts between vehicle and pedestrian. The system is able to acquire geo-referenced sequences of stereo frames that are used to provide real time information related to conflict occurrence and severity. As case study, an urban bus was equipped with a prototype of the system and a trial in the city of Catania （Italy） was carried out analyzing conflicts with pedestrian crossing in front of the bus. Experimental results pointed out the potentialities of the system for collection of data that can be used to get suitable traffic conflict measures. Specifically, a risk index of the conflict between pedestrians and vehicles is proposed to classify collision probability and severity using data collected by the system. This information may be used to develop in-vehicle warning systems and urban network risk assessment.

关键词： Traffic conflict Stereo vision GPS Bus Risk index