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Phylogenetic Patterns of the Southeast Asian Tree Frog Chiromantis hansenae in Thailand

Asian Herpetological Research 2014年第3期5卷 179-196页

作者： Siriporn YOdTHONG cameron d.siler Pongpun PRASANKOK Anchalee AOWPHOL department of Zoology Faculty of Science Kasetsart University Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History and department of Biology University of Oklahoma School of Biology Institute of Science Suranaree University of Technology

Although landscape features such as mountains and rivers are recognized often as limiting factors to amphibian dispersal and gene flow, a limited number of studies have investigated such patterns across Southeast Asia. A perfect example of this is Thailand, located in one of the world＇s biodiversity hotspot regions. Thailand represents the corridor between mainland Asia and the Sunda Shelf, a famous and widely recognized biogeographic region, and yet there are few studies on the genetic structure among populations of amphibian species distributed across Thailand. The Southeast Asian tree frog, Chiromantis hansenae has been reported to possess a geographic range that is restricted to Thailand and, presumably, Cambodia~ Here, we investigate phylogenetic relationships among C. hansenae populations using partial sequences of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene and nuclear POMC gene. Our results reveal two distinct evolutionary lineages within C. hansenae populations in Thailand. The genetic divergence among populations between these two clades is considerable, and results support inter-population divergence, and high genetic differentiation （pairwise FsT = 0.97）, between two localities sampled in western Thailand （TK1 and TK2）, separated from each other by 40 kilometers only. The results suggest that landscape features across Thailand may have a profound impact on patterns of diversification in the country, underscoring the urgent need for fine-scale investigations of genetic structure of endemic and ＂widespread＂ species.

关键词： 16s rRNA Genetic diversity Isthmus of Kra Landscape barriers POMC Southeast Asia

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A New Species of Japalura (Squamata: Sauria:Agamidae) from Upper Lancang (Mekong) Valley of Eastern Tibet, China

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Asian Herpetological Research 2015年第3期6卷 159-168页

作者： Kai WANG Ke JIANG Gang PAN Mian HOU cameron d.siler Jing CHE State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences Sam Nobel Oklahoma Museum of Natural History and department of Biology University of Oklahoma Institute of Plateau Ecology Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College Academy of Continuing Education Sichuan Normal University

A new species of the agamid genus Japalura is described based on 15 specimens from the upper Lancang（Mekong） Valley of eastern Tibet, PR China. Populations of the new species, Japalura vela sp. nov., were previously recognized as J. flaviceps. The new species is morphologically most similar to J. batangensis, J. micangshanensis, J. variegata, and J. zhaoermii, but is distinguished from the four species and all remaining congeners by the following combination of morphological characters： 1） small adult size（SVL 56–69 mm in males, 59–66 mm in females）; 2） ratio of tail TAL/SVL 1.85–2.06; 3） ratio of hind limb HLL/SVL 0.72–0.81; 4） T4 S 24 or 25; 5） concealed tympanum; 6） transverse gular fold present; 7） gular pouch present; 8） axillary fold present; 9） a pronounced, continuous, sail-like vertebral crest along length of body in males; 10） ground dorsal coloration black in males; 11） distinct gray transverse streaks on dorsal surface of head; 12） black radiated streaks around eyes; 13） distinct, black vermiculate stripes on ventral surface of head in both sexes; 14） a strongly jagged dorsolateral stripe from neck to base of tail on each side of vertebral crest in males; and 15） absence of gular spots in both sexes. General distribution patterns of the genus in the Hengduan Mountains region are also discussed.

关键词： distribution Hengduan Mountains Japalura J.flaviceps species complex

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discovery of Japalura chapaensis Bourret,1937(Reptilia:Squamata:Agamidae)from Southeast Yunnan Province,China

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Zoological Research 2018年第2期39卷 105-113页

作者： Kai Wang Ke Jiang Yu-Fan Wang Nikolay A.Poyarkov Jr. Jing Che cameron d.siler Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History & department of Biology University of Oklahoma Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhejiang Forest Resource Monitoring Center department of Vertebrate Zoology Biological Faculty Lomonosov Moscow State University

due to a paucity of surveys in northern Indochina and lack of international collaborations among neighboring countries, recognized distributional ranges for many amphibian and reptile species end at the political borders for some countries, despite seemingly continuous suitable habitat spanning the region. Combining both morphological and genetic data, we report the first discovery of Japalura chapaensis, a rare agamid lizard believed previously to be endemic to northern Vietnam only, along the border region of southeastern Yunnan Province,China. To facilitate future research on the genus Japalura sensu lato in Indochina, we provide detailed descriptions of additional specimens of this rare species, including the first description of coloration in life and an expanded diagnosis, and discuss the species boundary of J. chapaensis with respect to its congeners.

关键词： draconinae Indochina Morphological Variation New record Range extension Systematics Taxonomy

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Amphibians and Reptiles of Luzon Island,V:The Herpetofauna of Angat dam Watershed,Bulacan Province,Luzon Island,Philippines

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Asian Herpetological Research 2011年第4期2卷 177-198页

作者： david S.MCLEOd cameron d.siler Arvin C.dIESMOS Mae L.dIESMOS Vhon S.GARCIA Angela O.ARKONCEO Kelvin L.BALAQUIT Charlene C.UY Mariden M.VILLASERAN Earle C.YARRA Rafe M.BROWN Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of Kansas LawrenceKS 66045-7561USA Herpetology Section Zoology DivisionPhilippine National MuseumRizal ParkBurgos St.Ermita 1000ManilaPhilippines University of Santo Tomas Espana BoulevardSampaloc 1015ManilaPhilippines

We report amphibian and reptile distribution records based on recent biodiversity surveys conducted at the Angat Watershed Reservation, Bulacan Province, Luzon Island, Philippines. This watershed constitutes the principal water source for Manila, the Philippines＇ largest metropolitan area. As virtually nothing is known of the herpetological diversity of the immediate area and the surrounding Bulacan Province, all species recorded as part of our surveys constitute major geographical records and/or significant range extensions. Our data result in a total of 63 new records of amphibian （19 frogs） and reptile （22 lizards, 2 turtles, and 20 snakes） species for this protected area （and immediate vicinity） that serves as a watershed for the major metropolitan area of Manila and surrounding cities. Together with the few previous literature records, our new records bring the total number of amphibian and reptile species for Bulacan Province to 68. We discuss several strategies for future survey work （focusing on habitat type, seasonal variation, and elevational variability） that we anticipate will result in increased knowledge of diversity within the Angat Watershed Reserve. The impressive level of herpetological diversity within such a small area, so close to Metro Manila, emphasizes that the diversity and distribution patterns of amphibians and reptiles from Luzon are still poorly known and in need of further study.

关键词： amphibians Anagat dam diversity Philippines reptiles

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Two new species of Japalura(Squamata:Agamidae)from the Hengduan Mountain Range,China

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Zoological Research 2016年第1期37卷 41-56页

作者： Kai WANG Ke JIANG da-Hu ZOU Fang YAN cameron d.siler Jing CHE Kunming Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History and department of Biology,University of Oklahoma Tibet University Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan 650223 China Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History and department of Biology University of Oklahoma Norman OK 73072-7029 U.S.A. kai.wang-2@ou.edu. Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan 650223 China. Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan 650223 China Tibet University Lhasa Tibet 850000 China. Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History and department of Biology University of Oklahoma Norman OK 73072-7029 U.S.A. Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan 650223 China. chej@***.

Until recently, the agamid species, Japalura flaviceps was recognized to have the widest geographic dis- tribution among members of the genus occurring in China, from eastern Tibet to Shaanxi Province. However, recent studies restricted the distribution of J. flaviceps to the dadu River valley only in north- western Sichuan Province, suggesting that records of J. flaviceps outside the dadu River valley likely represent undescribed diversity. during two herpeto- faunal surveys in 2013 and 2015, eight and 12 specimens of lizards of the genus Japalura were collected from the upper Nujiang （=Salween） Valley in eastern Tibet, China, and upper Lancang （=Mekong） Valley in northwestern Yunnan, China, respectively. These specimens display a unique suite of diagnostic morphological characters. Our robust comparisons of phenotype reveal that these populations can be distinguished readily from J. flaviceps and all other recognized congeners. Herein, we describe the two Japalura lineages as new spe- cies, Japalura laeviventris sp. nov. and Japalura iadina sp. nov.. In addition, we provide updated con- servation assessments for the new species as well as imperiled congeners according to the IUCN crite- ria for classification, discuss the importance of color patterns in the diagnosis and description of species in the genus Japalura, and discuss directions for future taxonomic studies of the group.

关键词： Coloration Conservation Hengduan Mountains Hydropower development Japalura flaviceps

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A new species of Mountain dragon Reptilia: Agamidae: diploderma from the d. dymondi complex in southern Sichuan Province, China

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动物学研究 2019年第5期

作者： Kai Wang Jia-Wei Wu Ke Jiang Jin-Min Chen Ben-Fu Miao cameron d.siler Jing Che State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Evolution Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan 650223 China

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Polyethylene glycol has immunoprotective effects on sciatic allografts, but behavioral recovery and graft tolerance require neurorrhaphy and axonal fusion

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1192-1206页

作者： Tyler A.Smith Liwen Zhou cameron L.Ghergherehchi Michelle Mikesh Cathy Z.Yang Haley O.Tucker JuliAnne Allgood Jared S.Bushman George d.Bittner department of Molecular Biosciences University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA department of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA division of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of WyomingLaramieWYUSA

Behavioral recovery using(viable)peripheral nerve allografts to repair ablation-type(segmental-loss)peripheral nerve injuries is delayed or poor due to slow and inaccurate axonal ***,such peripheral nerve allografts undergo immunological rejection by the host immune *** contrast,peripheral nerve injuries repaired by polyethylene glycol fusion of peripheral nerve allografts exhibit excellent behavioral recovery within weeks,reduced immune responses,and many axons do not undergo Wallerian *** relative contribution of neurorrhaphy and polyethylene glycol-fusion of axons versus the effects of polyethylene glycol per se was unknown prior to this *** hypothesized that polyethylene glycol might have some immune-protective effects,but polyethylene glycol-fusion was necessary to prevent Wallerian degeneration and functional/behavioral *** examined how polyethylene glycol solutions per se affect functional and behavioral recovery and peripheral nerve allograft morphological and immunological responses in the absence of polyethylene glycol-induced axonal ***-type sciatic nerve injuries in outbred Sprague–dawley rats were repaired according to a modified protocol using the same solutions as polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,but peripheral nerve allografts were loose-sutured(loose-sutured polyethylene glycol)with an intentional gap of 1–2 mm to prevent fusion by polyethylene glycol of peripheral nerve allograft axons with host *** to negative control peripheral nerve allografts not treated by polyethylene glycol and in contrast to polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,animals with loose-sutured polyethylene glycol peripheral nerve allografts exhibited Wallerian degeneration for all axons and myelin degeneration by 7 days postoperatively and did not recover sciatic-mediated behavioral functions by 42 days *** morphological signs of rejection,such as col

关键词： allograft rejection axotomy macrophage myelin nerve repair polyethylene glycol(PEG) sciatic nerve T cell transplantation Wallerian degeneration

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A new species of Mountain dragon(Reptilia:Agamidae:diploderma) from the d. dymondi complex in southern Sichuan Province, China

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Zoological Research 2019年第5期40卷 456-465页

作者： Kai Wang Jia-Wei Wu Ke Jiang Jin-Min Chen Ben-Fu Miao cameron d. siler Jing Che State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan 650223 China Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History and department of Biology University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma 73072 USA Chengdu Museum of Nature Exploration Chengdu Sichuan 610017 China

despite continuous studies on the cryptic diversity of the diploderma flaviceps complex in Southwest China for the pastdecade, little attention has been given to other widespreadcongeners in China. Combining both morphological and phylogenetic data, we describe a new species of diplodermafrom populations identified previously as d. dymondi in thelower Yalong River Basin in southern Sichuan Province. Thenew species is morphologically most similar to d. dymondiand d. varcoae, but it can be differentiated by a considerablegenetic divergence and a suite of morphological characters,including having taller nuchal crest scales, smaller tympana,and a distinct oral coloration. Additionally, we discuss otherputative species complexes within the genus diploderma inChina.

关键词： A new species Mountain dragon southern Sichuan Province

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Adventures Beyond Amdahl's Law:How Power-Performance Measurement and Modeling at Scale drive Server and Supercomputer design

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2023年第1期38卷 80-86页

作者： Kirk W.cameron Computer Science Virginia TechWashington D.C.VA 24061U.S.A.

Amdahl’s Law painted a bleak picture for large-scale *** implication was that parallelism was limited and therefore so was potential *** Amdahl’s contribution was seminal and important,it drove others vested in parallel processing to define more clearly why large-scale systems are critical to our future and how they fundamentally provide opportunities for speedup beyond Amdahl’s *** the early 2000s,much like Amdahl,we predicted dire consequences for large-scale systems due to power *** our early work was often dismissed,the implications were clear to some:power would ultimately limit *** this retrospective,we discuss how power-performance measurement and modeling at scale led to contributions that have driven server and supercomputer design for more than a *** the influence of these techniques is now indisputable,we discuss their connections,limits and additional research directions necessary to continue the performance gains our industry is accustomed to.

关键词： Amdahl’s Law speedup power-aware computing power modeling performance modeling performance prediction power measurement

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Conundrums and confusions regarding how polyethylene glycol-fusion produces excellent behavioral recovery after peripheral nerve injuries

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第1期13卷 53-57页

作者： George d.Bittner dale R.Sengelaub cameron L.Ghergherehchi department of Neuroscience University of Texas at Austin department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Indiana University department of Molecular Biosciences University of Texas at Austin

Current Neuroscience dogma holds that transections or ablations of a segment of peripheral nerves produce：（1） Immediate loss of axonal continuity, sensory signaling, and motor control; （2） Wallerian rapid （1-3 days） degeneration of severed distal axons, muscle atrophy, and poor behavioral recovery after many months （if ever, after ablations） by slowly-regenerating （1 mm/d）, proximal-stump outgrowths that must specifically reinnervate denervated targets; （3） Poor acceptance of microsutured nerve allografts, even if tissue-matched and immune-suppressed. Repair of transections/ablations by neurorrhaphy and well-specified-sequences of PEG-fusion solutions （one containing polyethylene glycol, PEG） successfully address these problems. However, conundrums and confusions regarding unorthodox and dramatic results of PEG-fusion repair in animal model systems often lead to misunderstandings. For example, （1） Axonal continuity and signaling is re-established within minutes by non-specifically PEG-fusing （connecting） severed motor and sensory axons across each lesion site, but remarkable behavioral recovery to near-unoperated levels takes several weeks; （2） Many distal stumps of inappropriately-reconnected, PEG-fused axons do not ever （Wallerian） degenerate and continuously innervate muscle fibers that undergo much less atrophy than otherwise-denervated muscle fibers; （3） Host rats do not reject PEG-fused donor nerve allografts in a non-immuno-privileged environment with no tissue matching or immunosuppression; （4） PEG fuses apposed open axonal ends or seals each shut （thereby preventing PEG-fusion）, depending on the experimental protocol; （5） PEG-fusion protocols produce similar results in animal model systems and early human case studies. Hence, iconoclastic PEG-fusion data appropriately understood might provoke a re-thinking of some Neuroscience dogma and a paradigm shift in clinical treatment of peripheral nerve injuries.

关键词： axonal repair axotomy Wallerian degeneration polyethylene glycol allograft autograft nerve regeneration

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