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Vitamin D receptor expression in human bone tissue and dose-dependent activation in resorbing osteoclasts

Bone Research 2016年第3期4卷 164-173页

作者： Allahdad Zarei Alireza Morovat Kassim Javaid cameron p Brown Botnar Research Centre Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science University of Oxford Oxford UK Clinical Biochemistry Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust Oxford UK

The effects of vitamin D on osteoblast mineralization are well documented. Reports of the effects of vitamin D on osteoclasts, however, are conflicting, showing both inhibition and stimulation. Finding that resorbing osteoclasts in human bone express vitamin D receptor （VDR）, we examined their response to different concentrations of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 [25（OH）D3] （100 or 500 nmol·L^-1） and 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 [1,25（OH）2D3] （0.1 or 0.5 nmol·L^-1） metabolites in cell cultures. Specifically, CD14＋ monocytes were cultured in charcoal-stripped serum in the presence of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand （RANKL） and macrophage colony-stimulating factor （M-CSF）. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase （TRAp） histochemical staining assays and dentine resorption analysis were used to identify the size and number of osteoclast cells, number of nuclei per cell and resorption activity. The expression of VDR was detected in human bone tissue （ex vivo） by immunohistochemistry and in vitro cell cultures by western blotting. Quantitative reverse transcription-pCR （qRT-pCR） was used to determine the level of expression of vitamin D-related genes in response to vitamin D metabolites. VDR-related genes during osteoclastogenesis, shown by qRT-pCR, was stimulated in response to 500 nmol·L^-1 of 25（OH）D3 and 0.1-0.5 nmol·L^-1 of 1,25（OH）2D3, upregulating cytochrome p450 family 27 subfamily B member I （CYp27B1） and cytochrome p450 family 24 subfamily A member I （CYp24A1）. Osteoclast fusion transcripts transmembrane 7 subfamily member 4 （tm7sf4） and nuclear factor of activated T-cell cytoplasmic 1 （nfatcl） where downregulated in response to vitamin D metabolites. Osteoclast number and resorption activity were also increased. Both 25（OH）D3 and 1,25（OH）2D3 reduced osteoclast size and number when co-treated with RANKL and M-CSF. The evidence for VDR expression in resorbing osteoclasts in vivo and low-dose effects of 1,25（OH）2D3 on osteoclasts in vitro may therefore provide

关键词： Vitamin D receptor expression in human bone tissue and dose-dependent activation in resorbing osteoclasts bone

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Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction: A systematic review of aetiology and mechanisms

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第30期23卷 5634-5644页

作者： cameron I Wells Gregory O’Grady Ian p Bissett Department of Surgery University of Auckland Department of Surgery Auckland District Health Board

To critically review the literature addressing the definition, epidemiology, aetiology and pathophysiology of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACpO). METHODSA systematic search was performed to identify articles investigating the aetiology and pathophysiology of ACpO. A narrative synthesis of the evidence was undertaken. RESULTSNo consistent approach to the definition or reporting of ACpO has been developed, which has led to overlapping investigation with other conditions. A vast array of risk factors has been identified, supporting a multifactorial aetiology. The pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear, but are likely related to altered autonomic regulation of colonic motility, in the setting of other predisposing factors. CONCLUSIONFuture research should aim to establish a clear and consistent definition of ACpO, and elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to altered colonic function. An improved understanding of the aetiology of ACpO may facilitate the development of targeted strategies for its prevention and treatment.

关键词： Acute colonic pseudoobstruction Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction Colonic Intestinal pseudo obstruction Ogilvie’s syndrome pseudo-Obstruction pseudo-Obstruction

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A longitudinal analysis of the U.S. Air Force Reserve Officers’ Training Corps physical fitness assessment

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Military Medical Research 2020年第2期7卷 166-173页

作者： cameron SMackey Jason MDe Freitas Applied Neuromuscular physiology Laboratory Oklahoma State University192 CRCStillwaterOK 74078USA

Background:The *** Force physical fitness assessment(pFA)is used to determine the overall fitness of their *** is currently unknown to what extent the pFA scores of Reserve Officers’Training Corps(ROTC)cadets are affected by mandatory physical *** purpose of this investigation was to longitudinally examine the pFAs of ROTC cadets over a four-year period,evaluate the results across class ranks,and evaluate the sensitivity of the classification of the ***:Air Force ROTC cadets performed the pFAs(abdominal circumference,1-min pushups,1-min sit-ups,and a 1.5-mile run)in both the spring(n=26)and fall(n=22)*** were compiled over a four-year period(Spring 2014–Fall 2017)and were performed in accordance with Air Force Instruction 36–2905.A oneway repeated measures ANOVA was performed separately for the fall and spring groups for each dependent variable across the 4 ***,a one-way between groups ANOVA was performed for each dependent variable during the time point(fall 2015;n=46)with the most recorded cadets for each class ***:Longitudinal assessments revealed a main effect of time(p=0.010)on abdominal circumference;cadets had a smaller abdominal circumference in their freshman year than in their senior year.A main effect of time(p=0.006)was also observed on sit-up quantity;cadets performed more sit-ups in their junior year than in their freshman *** between class ranks during the same year(between-subjects ANOVA)revealed a main effect of class rank on sit-up quantity(p=0.003);the freshmen completed fewer repetitions than the sophomores(p=0.018)and the juniors did(p=0.001).Conclusions:The results indicated that only the sit-up component showed differences between class *** findings suggest that the Air Force pFA may not be sensitive enough to detect changes in physical fitness or distinguish between class ranks regarding physical performance,even after years of *** limitation may b

关键词： Class ranks Fitness assessment Military physical training ROTC

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Modeling of genetic gain for single traits from marker-assisted seedling selection in clonally propagated crops

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Horticulture Research 2016年第1期3卷 257-266页

作者： Sushan Ru Craig Hardner patrick A Carter Kate Evans Dorrie Main cameron peace Department of Horticulture Washington State UniversityPO Box 646414Pullman99164-6414WAUSA Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation University of QueenslandSt Lucia4072BrisbaneAustralia School of Biological Sciences Washington State UniversityPullman99164-4236WAUSA Department of Horticulture Washington State University Tree Fruit Research and Extension CenterWenatchee98801WAUSA

Seedling selection identifies superior seedlings as candidate cultivars based on predicted genetic potential for traits of ***,genetic potential is determined by phenotypic *** the availability of DNA tests for some agronomically important traits,breeders have the opportunity to include DNA information in their seedling selection operations—known as marker-assisted seedling selection.A major challenge in deploying marker-assisted seedling selection in clonally propagated crops is a lack of knowledge in genetic gain achievable from alternative *** models based on additive effects considering seed-propagated crops are not directly relevant for seedling selection of clonally propagated crops,as clonal propagation captures all genetic effects,not just *** study modeled genetic gain from traditional and various marker-based seedling selection strategies on a single trait basis through analytical derivation and stochastic simulation,based on a generalized seedling selection scheme of clonally propagated *** trait-test scenarios with a range of broad-sense heritability and proportion of genotypic variance explained by DNA markers were simulated for two populations with different segregation *** derived and simulated results indicated that marker-based strategies tended to achieve higher genetic gain than phenotypic seedling selection for a trait where the proportion of genotypic variance explained by marker information was greater than the broad-sense *** from this study provides guidance in optimizing genetic gain from seedling selection for single traits where DNA tests providing marker information are available.

关键词： seedling crops cultivar

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polymer graph neural networks for multitask property learning

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1420-1429页

作者： Owen Queen Gavin A.McCarver Saitheeraj Thatigotla Brendan p.Abolins cameron L.Brown Vasileios Maroulas Konstantinos D.Vogiatzis Department of Mathematics University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996-1320USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996-2250USA Department of Chemistry University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996-1600USA Eastman Chemical Company KingsportTN 37660USA

The prediction of a variety of polymer properties from their monomer composition has been a challenge for material informatics,and their development can lead to a more effective exploration of the material *** this work,pOLYMERGNN,a multitask machine learning architecture that relies on polymeric features and graph neural networks has been developed towards this *** provides accurate estimates for polymer properties based on a database of complex and heterogeneous polyesters(linear/branched,homopolymers/copolymers)with experimentally refined *** pOLYMERGNN,each polyester is represented as a set of monomer units,which are introduced as molecular graphs.A virtual screening of a large,computationally generated database with materials of variable composition was performed,a task that demonstrates the applicability of the pOLYMERGNN on future studies that target the exploration of the polymer ***,a discussion on the explainability of the models is provided.

关键词： properties space polyester

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Fruit cracking and firmness DNA test development and evaluation in sweet cherry

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Fruit Research 2022年第1期2卷 129-139页

作者： W.Wesley Crump cameron peace Zhiwu Zhang per McCord Department of Horticulture Washington State UniversityProsserWA 99350United States Department of Horticulture Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164United States Department of Crop and Soil Sciences Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164United States

One application of DNA-informed breeding,which has potential to increase the effectiveness of traditional breeding methods,is the use of DNAbased diagnostic tests to estimate genetic potential of breeding *** sweet cherry(prunus avium L.),cracked or soft fruit are major industry *** research detected two quantitative trait loci(QTLs)for fruit cracking and firmness differing in trait levels associated with QTL haplotypic ***,a DNA test for cracking(pav-G5Crack-SSR),using two simple sequence repeat(SSR)markers,was previously developed but not yet validated on breeding *** addition to SSR markers,single nucleotide polymorphism(SNp)markers can be used for developing locus-specific DNA tests and run as simple assays such as high-resolution melting(HRM).The objective of this research was to develop and evaluate the predictiveness of DNA tests for fruit cracking and firmness in sweet *** seedlings from pedigreeconnected families were screened with the pav-G5Crack-SSR DNA *** tests were also created from four SNp markers with HRM assays,using two years of cracking and firmness data for ***-G5Crack-SSR explained 12–15%of the cracking phenotypic variance,while pav-G1Crack-SNp and pav-G5Crack-SNp(which targeted the same QTL as pav-G5Crack-SSR)together explained 16%–30%of the cracking phenotypic ***-G1Firm-SNp and pav-G3Firm-SNp together explained 22%–28%of the firmness phenotypic *** three DNA tests can be implemented in breeding programs to enhance effectiveness in breeding for decreased cracking incidence and increased fruit firmness in sweet cherry.

关键词： fir breeding cracking

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Dose surgical sub-specialization influence survival in patients with colorectal cancer?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2003年第5期9卷 961-964页

作者： cameron platell Daniel Lim Nazreen Tajudeen Karen Wong Department of Surgery University of Western AustraliaFremantle HospitalAustralia

AIM:To perform a review of patients with colorectal cancer to a community hospital and to compare the risk-adjusted survival between patients managed in general surgical units versus a colorectal unit. METHODS:The study evaluated all patients with colorectal cancer referred to either general surgical units or a colorectal unit from 1/1996 to 6/*** results were compared to a historical control group treated within general surgical units at the same hospital from 1/1989 to 12/1994.A Kaplan- Meier survival analysis compared the overall survivals (all- cause mortality) between the groups.A Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the influence of a number of independent variables on *** variables included age,ASA score,disease stage,emergency surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy,disease location,and surgical unit. RESULTS:There were 974 patients involved in this study. There were no significant differences in the demographic details for thethree *** in the colorectal group were more likely to have rectal cancer and Stage Ⅰ cancers, and less likely to have Stage Ⅱ *** treated in the colorectal group had a significantly higher overall 5-year survival when compared with the general surgical group and the historical control group (56 % versus 45 % and 40 % respectively,ppy,and treatment in a colorectal unit (Hazards ratio:0.67;95 % CI:0.53 to 0.84,p =0.0005),as significant independent predictors of survival. CONCLUSION:The results suggest that there may be a survival advantage for patients with colon and rectal cancers being treated within a specialist colorectal surgical unit.

关键词： Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Colorectal Neoplasms Colorectal Surgery Comparative Study Female Hospitals, Community Hospitals, Teaching Humans Male Middle Aged Surgery Survival Rate Treatment Outcome Western Australia

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Fire blight QTL analysis in a multi-family apple population identifies a reduced-susceptibility allele in ‘Honeycrisp’

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Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 355-367页

作者： Sarah A.Kostick Soon Li Teh John L.Norelli Stijn Vanderzande cameron peace Kate M.Evans Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center Department of HorticultureWashington State UniversityWenatcheeWA 98801USA United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceAppalachian Fruit Research LaboratoryKearneysvilleWV 25430USA Department of Horticulture Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164USA

Breeding apple cultivars with resistance offers a potential solution to fire blight,a damaging bacterial disease caused by Erwinia *** resistance alleles at quantitative trait loci(QTLs)were previously characterized in diverse Malus germplasm with poor fruit quality,which reduces breeding *** study utilized a pedigree-based QTL analysis approach to elucidate the genetic basis of resistance/susceptibility to fire blight from multiple genetic sources in germplasm relevant to *** breeding ***-seven important breeding parents(IBps)were represented by 314 offspring from 32 full-sib families,with‘Honeycrisp’being the most highly represented *** resistance/susceptibility data from a two-year replicated field inoculation study and previously curated genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism data,QTLs were consistently mapped on chromosomes(Chrs.)6,7,and *** QTLs together explained~28% of phenotypic *** Chr.6 and Chr.15 QTLs colocalized with previously reported QTLs,while the Chr.7 QTL is possibly novel.‘Honeycrisp’inherited a rare reduced-susceptibility allele at the Chr.6 QTL from its grandparent‘Frostbite’.The highly resistant IBp‘Enterprise’had at least one putative reduced-susceptibility allele at all three *** general,lower susceptibility was observed for individuals with higher numbers of reduced-susceptibility alleles across *** study highlighted QTL mapping and allele characterization of resistance/susceptibility to fire blight in complex pedigree-connected apple breeding *** gained will enable more informed parental selection and development of trait-predictive DNA tests for pyramiding favorable alleles and selection of superior apple cultivars with resistance to fire blight.

关键词： blight breeding cultivar

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miR-200 family expression is downregulated upon neoplastic progression of Barrett's esophagus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第8期17卷 1036-1044页

作者： cameron M Smith David I Watson Mary p Leong George C Mayne Michael Z Michael Bas pL Wijnhoven Damian J Hussey Department of Surgery Flinders University Bedford Park Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Flinders University Bedford Park Department of Surgery Erasmus Medical Centre

AIM: To investigate miR-200 family expression in Barrett's epithelium, gastric and duodenal epithelia, and esophageal adenocarcinoma. METHODS: Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was used to measure miR-200, ZEB1 and ZEB2 expression. Ingenuity pathway Analysis of miR-200 targets was used to predict biological outcomes. RESULTS: Barrett's epithelium expressed lower levels of miR-141 and miR-200c than did gastric and duodenal epithelia (p pathways that distinguish Barrett's epithelium from gastric and duodenalepithelia, and which control apoptosis and proliferation. All miR-200 members were downregulated in adenocarcinoma (p pression was also downregulated in non-invasive epithelium adjacent to adenocarcinoma (p pression of all miR-200 members was lower in Barrett's epithelium derived high-grade dysplastic cell lines than in a cell line derived from benign Barrett's epithelium. We observed signif icant inverse correlations between miR-200 family expression and ZEB1 and ZEB2 expression in Barrett's epithelium and esophageal adenocarcinoma (p pression might contribute to the anti-apoptotic and proliferative phenotype of Barrett's epithelium and regulate key neoplastic processes in this epithelium.

关键词： miRNA Barrett’s esophagus Esophageal adenocarcinoma miR-200 Epithelial to mesenchymal transition Apoptosis proliferation Epithelium

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progress of pb-Sn Mixed perovskites for photovoltaics: A Review

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2022年第2期5卷 370-400页

作者： Rajapakshe Mudiyanselage Indrachapa Bandara Shashini M.Silva cameron C.L.Underwood K.D.G.Imalka Jayawardena Radu A.Sporea S.Ravi p.Silva Advanced Technology Institute Faculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildford Surrey GU27XHUnited Kingdom

pb-Sn mixed perovskites are becoming increasingly popular as narrowbandgap(1.2–1.3 eV)light absorbers in single-junction perovskite solar cells(pSCs)and as bottom cells for all-perovskite tandem solar cells,for highefficiency,low-cost,lightweight,roll-to-roll printable photovoltaic(pV)*** the first report of planar pb:Sn mixed pSCs in 2014,the power conversion efficiencies(pCE)have increased from 10%to 21%by the end of 2020 with an exponential growth in research conducted in this *** much effort,the performance and stability of pb-Sn mixed pSCs are still limited,which constrains their long-term use in all-perovskite tandem *** review highlights the avenues explored in improving different aspects of pb-Sn mixed pSCs and provides a comprehensive discussion of the interdependent factors affecting the device *** includes compositional engineering of the perovskite crystal,absorber layer fabrication and crystallization methods,bandgap tuning,Sn4+reduction,and surface passivation of the absorber layer,as well as the selection of interlayers and electrodes of the final pSC.

关键词： inorganic-organic hybrids lead-tin mixed perovskites perovskites photovoltaics solution-processed

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