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A longitudinal analysis of the U.S. Air Force Reserve Officers’ Training Corps physical fitness assessment

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Military Medical Research 2020年第2期7卷 166-173页

作者： cameron SMackey Jason MDe Freitas Applied neuromuscular Physiology Laboratory Oklahoma State University192 CRCStillwaterOK 74078USA

Background:The *** Force physical fitness assessment(PFA)is used to determine the overall fitness of their *** is currently unknown to what extent the PFA scores of Reserve Officers’Training Corps(ROTC)cadets are affected by mandatory physical *** purpose of this investigation was to longitudinally examine the PFAs of ROTC cadets over a four-year period,evaluate the results across class ranks,and evaluate the sensitivity of the classification of the ***:Air Force ROTC cadets performed the PFAs(abdominal circumference,1-min pushups,1-min sit-ups,and a 1.5-mile run)in both the spring(n=26)and fall(n=22)*** were compiled over a four-year period(Spring 2014–Fall 2017)and were performed in accordance with Air Force Instruction 36–2905.A oneway repeated measures AnOVA was performed separately for the fall and spring groups for each dependent variable across the 4 ***,a one-way between groups AnOVA was performed for each dependent variable during the time point(fall 2015;n=46)with the most recorded cadets for each class ***:Longitudinal assessments revealed a main effect of time(P=0.010)on abdominal circumference;cadets had a smaller abdominal circumference in their freshman year than in their senior year.A main effect of time(P=0.006)was also observed on sit-up quantity;cadets performed more sit-ups in their junior year than in their freshman *** between class ranks during the same year(between-subjects AnOVA)revealed a main effect of class rank on sit-up quantity(P=0.003);the freshmen completed fewer repetitions than the sophomores(P=0.018)and the juniors did(P=0.001).Conclusions:The results indicated that only the sit-up component showed differences between class *** findings suggest that the Air Force PFA may not be sensitive enough to detect changes in physical fitness or distinguish between class ranks regarding physical performance,even after years of *** limitation may b

关键词： Class ranks Fitness assessment Military Physical training ROTC

An electropenetrography waveform library for the probing and ingestion behaviors of Culex tarsalis on human hands

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1165-1186页

作者： Anastasia M.W.Cooper Samuel B.Jameson Victoria Pickens cameron Osborne Elaine A.Backus Kristopher Silver Dana n.Mitzel Department of Entomology Kansas State UniversityManhattanKansasUSA Department of Tropical Medicine Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical MedicineNew OrleansLos AngelesUSA USDA Agricultural Research Service San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences CenterParlierCaliforniaUSA national Bio and Agro-Defense Facility USDA Agricultural Research ServiceManhattanKansasUSA

Culex tarsalis Coquillett(Diptera:Culicidae)mosquitoes are capable of vectoring numerous pathogens affecting public and animal ***,the probing behaviors of mosquitoes are poorly understood because they occur in opaque ***(EPG)has the potential to elucidate these behaviors by recording the electrical signals generated during *** used an AC–DC EPG with variable input resistors(Ri levels)to construct a waveform library for *** feeding on human *** events associated with mosquito probing were used to characterize waveforms at four Ri levels and with two electrical current *** optimal settings for EPG recordings of *** probing on human hands was an Ri level of 10^(7)Ohms using an applied signal of 150 millivolts alternating *** for *** included those previously observed and associated with probing behaviors in Aedes aegypti L.(Diptera:Culicidae):waveform families J(surface salivation),K(stylet penetration through the skin),L(types 1 and 2,search for a blood vessel/ingestion site),M(types 1 and 2,ingestion),n(type 1,an unknown behavior which may be a resting and digestion phase),and W(withdrawal).However,we also observed variations in the waveforms not described in ***,which we named types L3,M3,M4,and *** investigation enhances our understanding of mosquito probing *** also provides a new tool for the automated calculation of peak *** work will facilitate future pathogen acquisition and transmission studies and help identify new pest and disease management targets.

关键词： AC-DC blood feeders electrical penetration graph EPG human hands mosquitoes waveform library

Atomically dispersed dual-metal-site PGM-free electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction:Opportunities and challenges

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SusMat 2022年第5期2卷 569-590页

作者： Xiaoxuan Yang cameron Priest Yang Hou Gang Wu College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNew YorkUSA Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou QuzhouChina School of Biological and Chemical Engineering NingboTech UniversityNingboChina

Atomically dispersed and nitrogen coordinated single metal site(Mnx,M=Fe,Co,or Mn)moieties embedded in partially graphitized carbon(denoted as M–n–C)are recognized as the most promising platinum group metal-free catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)in proton exchange membrane fuel ***,simply regulating their coordination environments and local structures of single metal sites cannot fundamentally change active site structure,which leads to insufficient activity and stability.A second transition metal can be incorporated to design dual-metal sites,offering a new opportunity to modulate the electronic and geometric structures of M–n–C ***,exploring optimal atomically dispersed dual-metal-site is essential to designing new active sites with enhanced ORR activity,and stability,especially breaking the activity-stability *** review provides a comprehensive analysis of the advances in developing atomically dispersed dual-metal site catalysts for the ORR,including innovative synthesis methods,primary structural configurations,and the mechanisms to promote catalytic *** aim to elucidate the crucial structure–property correlation,emphasizing the inherent electronic and geometric effects of dual metal ***,we discuss the current challenges of dual-metal site catalysts concerning rational design,precise synthesis,and high-fidelity structural characterization.

关键词： dual metal sites electrocatalysis fuel cells oxygen reduction PGM-free catalyst

In vitro angiogenesis in response to biomaterial properties for bone tissue engineering:a review of the state of the art

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2023年第1期10卷 744-783页

作者： Else Ellermann nima Meyer Ruth E.cameron Serena M.Best Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of CambridgeCambridge CB30FSUK

Bone tissue engineering(BTE)aims to improve the healing of bone fractures using scaffolds that mimic the native extracellular *** successful bone regeneration,scaffolds should promote simultaneous bone tissue formation and blood vessel growth for nutrient and waste ***,a significant challenge in regenerative medicine remains the development of grafts that can be vascularized *** other things,optimization of physicochemical conditions of scaffolds is key to achieving appropriate angiogenesis in the period immediately following *** phosphates and collagen scaffolds are two of the most widely studied biomaterials for BTE,due to their close resemblance to inorganic and organic components of bone,respectively,and their bioactivity,tunable biodegradability and the ability to produce tailored *** various strategies exist to enhance vascularization of these scaffolds in vivo,further in vitro assessment is crucial to understand the relation between physicochemical properties of a biomaterial and its ability to induce *** mono-culture studies can provide evidence regarding cell-material interaction of a single cell type,a co-culture procedure is crucial for assessing the complex mechanisms involved in angiogenesis.A co-culture more closely resembles the natural tissue both physically and biologically by stimulating natural intercellular interactions and mimicking the organization of the in vivo ***,a co-culture is a complex system requiring optimization of various parameters including cell types,cell ratio,culture medium and seeding *** fundamental knowledge of the mechanism behind the bioactivity of biomaterials and understanding the contribution of surface and architectural features to the vascularization of scaffolds,and the biological response in general,can provide an invaluable basis for future optimization *** review gives an overview of the

关键词： angiogenesis collagen scaffolds hydroxyapatite co-culture architectural features physicochemical properties

Development of internal COI primers to improve and extend barcoding of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacini)

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Insect Science 2020年第1期27卷 143-158页

作者： Matt n.Krosch Francesca Strutt Mark J.Blacket Jana Batovska Melissa Starkie Anthony R.Clarke Stephen L.cameron Mark K.Schutze School of Earth Environmental&Biological SciencesQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Plant Biosecurity Co-operative Research Centre BruceAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia Agriculture Victoria AgriBioCentre for AgriBioscienceBundooraVictoriaAustralia Department of Entomology Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA Department of Agriculture&Fisheries Queensland Primary Industries Insect Collection(QDPC)Dutton ParkQueenslandAustralia

Accurate species-level identifications underpin many aspects of basic and applied biology;however,identifications can be hampered by a lack of discriminating morphological characters,taxonomic expertise or *** approaches,such as DnA"barcoding"of the cytochrome c oxidase(COI)gene,are argued to overcome these ***,nuclear encoding of mitochondrial genes(numts)and poor amplification success of suboptimally preserved specimens can lead to erroneous *** insect group for which these molecular and morphological problems are significant are the dacine fruit flies(Diptera:Tephritidae:Dacini).We addressed these issues associated with COI barcoding in the dacines by first assessing several"universal"COI primers against public mitochondrial genome and numt sequences for dacine *** then modified a set of four primers that more closely matched true dacine COI sequence and amplified two overlapping portions of the COI barcode *** new primers were tested alongside universal primers on a selection of dacine species,including both fresh preserved and decades-old dry ***,Bactrocera tiyoni mitochondrial and nuclear genomes were compared to identify putative *** numt clades were identified,three of which were amplified using existing universal *** contrast,our new primers preferentially amplified the"true"mitochondrial COI barcode in all dacine species *** new primers also successfully amplified partial barcodes from dry specimens for which full length barcodes were *** we recommend these new primers be incorporated into the suites of primers used by diagnosticians and quarantine labs for the accurate identification of dacine species.

关键词： Bactrocera biosecurity Dacus\minibarcodes pseudogene Zeugodacus

Adjusting the physico-chemical properties of collagen scaffolds to accommodate primary osteoblasts and endothelial cells

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2023年第1期10卷 590-602页

作者： nima Meyer Daniel V.Bax Jochen Beck Ruth E.cameron Serena M.Best Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of CambridgeCambridge CB30FSUK Geistlich Pharma AG Product DevelopmentWolhusenSwitzerland

Collagen-based biomaterials are used widely as tissue engineering scaffolds because of their excellent bioactivity and their similarity to the natural *** regeneration of healthy bone tissue requires simultaneous support for both osteoblasts and,where angiogenesis is intended,endothelial *** it is important to tailor carefully the biochemical and structural characteristics of the scaffold to suit the needs of each cell *** work describes for the first time a systematic study to gain insight into the cell type-specific response of primary human osteoblast(hOBs)and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells(HDMECs)to insoluble collagen-based *** behaviour was evaluated on both 2D films and 3D scaffolds,produced using *** collagen was cross-linked at various EDC/nHS concentrations and mono-cultured with hOBs and HDMECs to assess the effect of architectural features and scaffold stabilization on cell *** was observed that 3D scaffolds cross-linked at 30%of the standard conditions in literature offered an optimal combination of mechanical stiffness and cellular response for both cell types,although endothelial cells were more sensitive to the degree of cross-linking than *** features have a time-dependent impact on the cell migration profile,with alignment being the most influential parameter overall.

关键词： angiogenesis collagen scaffolds cell migration EDC/nHS cross-linking

Current strategies for targeting the activity of androgen receptor variants

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Asian Journal of Urology 2019年第1期6卷 42-49页

作者： cameron M.Armstrong Allen C.Gao Department of Urology University of CaliforniaDavisSacramentoCAUSA Comprehensive Cancer Center University of CaliforniaDavisSacramentoCAUSA VA northern California Health Care System SacramentoCAUSA

Current therapies for advanced prostate cancer,such as enzalutamide and abiraterone,focus on inhibiting androgen receptor(AR)activity and reducing downstream signaling pathways to inhibit tumor ***,cancer cells are very adaptable and,over time,these cells develop mechanisms by which they can circumvent *** of the many mechanisms that have been discovered is the generation of AR *** variants are generated through alternative splicing of the full length AR and often lack the ligand binding *** leads to forms of the AR that are constitutively active that continue to promote prostate cancer cell growth even in the absence of *** high prevalence of AR variants and their role in disease progression have prompted a number of studies investigating ways to inhibited AR variant expression and *** these are the antihelminthic drug,niclosamide,which selectively promotes degradation of AR variants over full length AR and re-sensitizes anti-androgen resistant prostate cancer cells to treatment with enzalutamide and *** AR variant targeting mechanisms include interfering with AR variant co-activators and the development of drugs that bind to the DnA or n-terminal AR domains,which are retained in most AR *** clinical efficacy of treating prostate cancer by targeting AR variants is under investigation in several clinical *** this review,we provide an overview of the most relevant AR variants and discuss current AR variant targeting strategies.

关键词： Prostate cancer Androgen receptor variants Drug resistance

菌根真菌可减少植物的适应性差异,但其共存取决于植物内在菌根反应的差异

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2023年第2期16卷 125-139页

作者： cameron Wagg Andrew McKenzie-Gopsill Fredericton Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaFrederictonNB E3B 4Z7Canada Charlottetown Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaCharlottetownPE C1A 4N6Canada

植物-丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)可以调节竞争植物之间的土壤资源,以影响植物资源的捕获和适应性,使AMF成为植物共存的潜在媒介。本研究使用6种菌根状态不同的植物物种,通过生态位和适应性差异评估植物共存。在有或没有AMF的情况下,将15对竞争... 详细信息

植物-丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)可以调节竞争植物之间的土壤资源,以影响植物资源的捕获和适应性,使AMF成为植物共存的潜在媒介。本研究使用6种菌根状态不同的植物物种,通过生态位和适应性差异评估植物共存。在有或没有AMF的情况下,将15对竞争植物种植在一起。AMF对共存的影响是通过参数化成对的Lotka-Volterra植物竞争模型来确定的。通过比较在没有与AMF竞争的情况下生长的单个植物的枝条生物量与没有AMF的枝条生物量来确定6种植物物种对AMF的响应。研究结果表明,接种AMF减少了竞争者之间的适应度差异,但AMF介导的共存程度取决于竞争植物物种的身份。竞争植物物种之间更大的AMF响应差异减少了生态位重叠并增加了共存。这些结果说明,虽然AMF通常会减少适应性差异,但AMF的均衡效应并不总是足以克服由于生态位重叠导致的竞争不平衡,因此并不总是导致共存。相反,不同植物物种对AMF的内在生长反应可以预测生态位重叠减少,进而导致共存。这表明菌根依赖是一种旨在降低与竞争植物物种的生态位重叠程度,从而实现更多共存的植物策略。

关键词：共存理论入侵杂草一年生耕作制度植物-土壤相互作用生态位差异适合度差异共生

Detailed description of Division I ice hockey concussions:Findings from the nCAA and Department of Defense CARE Consortium

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第2期10卷 162-171页

作者： Kathryn L.Van Pelt Jaclyn B.Caccese James T.Eckner Margot Putukian MAlison Brooks Kenneth L.cameron Megan n.Houston Matthew A.Posner Jonathan C.Jackson Gerald T.McGinty cameron J.Hillis Thomas W.McAllister Michael A.McCrea Steven P.Broglio Thomas A.Buckley Sanders-Brown Center on Aging University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40536-0230USA College of Medicine School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Michigan MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48108USA University Health Services Princeton UniversityMcCosh Health CenterPrincetonNJ 08544USA Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation Department of PediatricsUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWI 53705-2281USA Keller Army Hospital United States Military AcademyWest PointNY 10996USA th Medical Group United States Air Force AcademyColorado SpringsCO 80840-4000USA Sports Medicine Athletic DepartmentUnited States Air Force AcademyU.S.Air Force AcademyCO 80840-9500USA novant Health Charlotte Independence Soccer ClubCorneliusNC 28031USA Department of Psychiatry Indiana UniversityIndianapolisIN 46202USA neurosurgery Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226USA Michigan Concussion Center University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Kinesiology and Applied Physiology University of DelawareNewarkDE 19713USA

Objective:Since concussion is the most common injury in ice hockey,the objective of the current study was to elucidate risk factors,specific mechanisms,and clinical presentations of concussion in men’s and women’s ice ***:Ice hockey players from 5 institutions participating in the Concussion Assessment,Research,and Education Consortium were eligible for the current *** who sustained a concussion outside of this sport were *** were 332(250 males,82 females)athletes who participated in ice hockey,and 47(36 males,11 females)who sustained a ***:Previous concussion(odds ratio(OR)=2.00;95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.02‒3.91)was associated with increased incident concussion odds,while wearing a mouthguard was protective against incident concussion(OR=0.43;95%CI:0.22‒0.85).Overall,concussion mechanisms did not significantly differ between *** were specific differences in how concussions presented clinically across male and female ice hockey players,***(9.09%)were less likely than males(41.67%)to have a delayed symptom onset(p=0.045).Additionally,females took significantly longer to reach asymptomatic(p=0.015)and return-to-play clearance(p=0.005).Within the first 2 weeks post-concussion,86.11%of males reached asymptomatic,while only 45.50%of females reached the same phase of *** males(91.67%)were cleared for return to play within 3 weeks of their concussion,compared to less than half(45.50%)of ***:The current study proposes possible risk factors,mechanisms,and clinical profiles to be validated in future concussions studies with larger female sample *** specific risk factors,concussion mechanisms,and clinical profiles of concussion in collegiate ice hockey may generate ideas for future concussion prevention or intervention studies.

关键词： Concussion risk Injury mechanism Recovery