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Global Land Surface Climate Analysis Based on the Calculation of a Modified Bowen Ratio

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2017年第5期34卷 663-678页

作者： Bo HAN Shihua Lü Ruiqing LI x.n WANG Lin ZHAO cailing ZHAO Danyun WANG x.anhong MENG Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China College of Atmospheric Sciences Chengdu University of Information Technology Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu 610225 China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regional Meteorological Observatory Hohhot 010051 China Institute of Arid Meteorology China Meteorological Administration Lanzhou 730020 China

A modified Bowen ratio(BRm),the sign of which is determined by the direction of the surface sensible heat flux.was used to represent the major divisions in climate across the globe,and the usefulness of this approach was evaluated. Five reanalysis datasets and the results of an offline land surface model were investigated. We divided the global continents into five major BRm zones using the climatological means of the sensible and latent heat flux.s during the period 1980–2010:ex.remely cold,ex.remely wet,semi-wet,semi-arid and ex.remely arid. These zones had BRm ranges of(-∞,0),(0,0.5),(0.5,2),(2,10) and(10,+∞),respectively. The climatological mean distribution of the Bowen ratio zones corresponded well with the K ¨oppen-like climate classification,and it reflected well the seasonal variation for each subdivision of climate classification. The features of climate change over the mean climatological BRm zones were also investigated. In addition to giving a map-like classification of climate,the BRm also reflects temporal variations in different climatic zones based on land surface processes. An investigation of the coverage of the BRm zones showed that the ex.remely wet and ex.remely arid regions ex.anded,whereas a reduction in area was seen for the semi-wet and semi-arid regions in boreal spring during the period 1980–2010. This indicates that the arid regions may have become drier and the wet regions wetter over this period of time.

关键词： climate classification surface turbulent heat flux climate change

Efficient photo-assisted Fenton ox.dation treatment of multi-walled carbon nanotubes

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第15期52卷 2054-2062页

作者： FAN cailing LI Wei LI x.n ZHAO ShiJu ZHANG Ling MO YuJun CHENG RongMing College of Science Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 China School of Physics and Information Photoelectron Henan University Kaifeng 475001 China Center of Functional Nanomaterials and Devices East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China

In this paper,a new and efficient way to ox.dize and functionalize the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) has been developed by using a combination of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and Fenton ox.da-tion process,namely UV/Fenton ox.dation treatment. Comparing with conventionally individual Fenton ox.dation treatment of MWNTs,UV/Fenton combined treatment improved the etching rates and effi-ciencies and hence reduced the time for surface modification of MWNTs,which was proved to be an effective method in etching and functionalizing CNTs. The formation of new functional groups,struc-tural changes and thermal stability during ox.dation period were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),Raman spectroscopy and could be clarified by thermogravimetric analy-sis (TGA),which showed that it was under UV irradiation conditions that MWNTs could be rapidly functionalized with hydrox.l,carbonyl and carbox.l groups in the presence of Fenton reagents,origi-nating from the increase in the gross HO· concentration and the ex.stent synergetic effect when using UV irradiation combing with Fenton ox.dation process. Introduction of such new ox.gen-containing functional groups was attributed to attacks of HO· on defect sites and unsaturated bonds of C=C in the MWNTs sample,which should play an important role in accounting for the FTIR and Raman spectral changes.

关键词：碳纳米管氧化处理紫外线辐射表面修饰

Co-incorporation of Chinese milk vetch(Astragalus sinicus L.)and chemical fertilizers alters microbial functional genes supporting short-time scale positive nitrogen priming effects in paddy soils

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 567-576页

作者： Limin WANG Chunmei HE Dongfeng HUANG Juhua YU cailing LIU Qinghua LI Yibin HUANG Juan LI Fei WANG Institute of Resources Environment and Soil FertilizerSoil and Fertilizer InstituteFujian Academy of Agricultural SciencesFuzhou 350012(China) School of Resources and Environment Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601(China)

Nitrogen(N)priming is a microbially mediated biochemical process as affected by different incorporation ***,little information is known about the microbial mechanisms driving the response of N priming to co-operation of Chinese milk vetch(CMV,Astragalus sinicus L.)and different rates of chemical fertilizers in paddy soils in South ***,an anaerobic incubation ex.eriment was conducted to study N priming effects(PE)and their relationships with soil microbial functional genes after CMV incorporation alone(M),co-incorporation of CMV with 100%(normal dosage)chemical fertilizers(MC100),and co-incorporation of CMV with 80% chemical fertilizers(MC80).Co-incorporation of CMV and chemical fertilizers enhanced the short-time scale(the first 20 d of incubation)positive PE of N,while no significant differences ex.sted among the three treatments on day 60 or 90 of incubation(P>0.05).Compared with the M treatment,gross priming effect(GPE)in the MC100 and MC80 treatments significantly increased by 34.0% and 31.3%,respectively,and net priming effect(NPE)increased by 47.7% and 47.8%,respectively,during the first 20 d of incubation(P<0.05).This was likely attributed to soil nutrient availability and added substrate *** MC100 and MC80 treatments increased the gdhA gene abundance by 5.0% and 9.8%,increased the gdh2 gene abundance by 12.7% and 45.7%,and increased the nasB gene abundance by 9.5% and 41.4%,respectively,in comparison with the M treatment on day 20 of *** analyses indicated that soil microbial functional genes involved in N mineralization(gdhA and gdh2),assimilatory nitrate reduction(nasB),and nitrification(amoB)were significantly correlated with N priming under different incorporation practices during the incubation period(P<0.05).Thus,co-incorporation of CMV and chemical fertilizers can regulate soil microbial community functional gene structure,which may accelerate mineralization and assimilatory nitrate reduction and inhibit

关键词： green manure gross priming effect incorporation practice microbial mechanism net priming effect rice field soil

A nonenzymatic electrochemical sensor for the detection of hydrogen perox.de in vitro and in vivo fibrosis models

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 394-398页

作者： Hongyao Liu Yan Yu Taix.ong x.e cailing Gan Yuting x.e Doudou Wang Peilin Li Zhiyong Qian Tinghong Ye Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular NetworkState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

Fibrosis occurs due to the ex.essive deposition of ex.racellular matrix.caused by cell *** various types of tissue injury,the dysregulation of the internal response can eventually lead to the destruction of organ structure and *** is increasing evidence that ox.dative stress,which is characterized by ex.essive production of hydrogen perox.de(H_(2)O_(2)),is an important cause of ***,we synthesized a biosensitive and efficient electrochemical H_(2)O_(2)sensor based on PtNi nanoparticle-doped N-reduced graphene ox.de(PtNi-N-rGO)to detect H_(2)O_(2)released from transforming growth factorβ1(TGFβ1)-induced *** addition,the sensor could easily detect changes in H_(2)O_(2)in the lung and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)of mice with pulmonary ***,the sensor could also detect H_(2)O_(2)in activated hepatic stellate cells and the liver of carbon tetrachloride(CCl_(4))-induced liver ***,the alterations in H_(2)O_(2)detected by the sensor were consistent with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate ox.dase 4(NOx.)protein ex.ression and the staining results of pathological *** together,these results highlight the use of H_(2)O_(2)sensors for the rapid detection of fibrosis and facilitate the rapid evaluation of antifibrotic drug candidates.

关键词： Fibrosis H_(2)O_(2) Electrochemical sensor NOx. Nintedanib

Post-Treatment Techniques for Enhancing Mode-Coupling in Long Period Fiber Gratings Induced by CO2 Laser

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Photonic Sensors 2015年第4期5卷 339-344页

作者： x.zhen x. Jian TANG Jing ZHAO Kaiming YANG cailing FU Qiao WANG Shen LIU Changrui LIAO Jiarong LIAN Yiping WANG Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province ShenzhenUniversity Shenzhen 518060 China

Two promising post-treatment techniques, i.e. applying tensile strain and rising temperature, are demonstrated to enhance the mode-coupling efficiency of the CO2-1aser-induced long period fiber gratings （LPFGs） with periodic grooves. Such two post-treatment techniques can be used to enhance the resonant attenuation of the grating to achieve a LPFG-based filter with an ex.remely large attenuation and to tailor the transmission spectrum of the CO2-1aser-induced LPFG after grating fabrication.

关键词： Long period fiber gratings fiber Bragg gratings optical fiber sensor temperature tensile strain opticalfiber device.

Microwave Assisted Hydrothermal Way Towards Highly Crystalized N-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots and Their Ox.gen Reduction Performance

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2019年第2期35卷 171-178页

作者： HUANG He LIANG Chen SHA Haoyan YU Ying LOU Yue CHEN cailing LI Chunguang CHEN x.aobo SHI Zhan FENG Shouhua State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun 130012P.R.China School of Engineering EMIT UniversityCarltonVIC 3053Australia Department of Chemical Engineering University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA

We proposed a green microwave-assisted hydrothermal way to synthesize highly crystalized N-doped carbon quantum dots(N-CQDs).The N-CQDs obtained by this microwave method have good crystalline degree(ID/IG=0.6)and a high molar ratio of N/C(11.1%)comparing with those obtained from traditional top-down *** ex.erimental results show that glycerine plays a key role ill the fonnation of highly crystalized *** as-prepared N-CQDs have good luminescent property and may be utilized as fluorescent probe to detect ions or mark *** the majority of N atoms in the N-CQDs were pyridinic type(64.8%),the as-prepared N-CQDs were used as a catalyst for the ox.gen reduction reaction(ORR)electrocatalysis in the anode of the fuel cell(the onset potential is-0.121V),which was a 4e-transfer procedure and the catalyst showed good stability after 100 cycles.

关键词： Carbon-dot Nitrogen-dopping Highly-crystalized Ox.gen reduction reaction(ORR)

Synergistic roles of platinum nanoparticles and sodium ions within beta zeolites in N-alkylation of amines with aromatic alcohols

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Science China Chemistry 2023年第9期66卷 2690-2699页

作者： Yue Wu Shibo x. cailing Chen Qizhi Hu Zhuo x.ong Jianyue Wang Yihu Dai Yu Han Shi Jiang Jun Wang Yu Zhou State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals Energy and EnvironmentA*STAR(Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research)Singapore 627833Singapore Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center Physical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China

N-alkylation of amines with alcohols is a promising green route for the synthesis of N-alkylamines, but the designation of highly active and stable heterogeneous catalysts remains one challenge. In this work, we initiated the application of zeolite-encapsulated noble metal nanoparticles(NPs) in the N-alkylation of amines with aromatic alcohols. Platinum(Pt) NPs were directly confined into the framework of BEA zeolite with tunable Si/Al molar ratios and Na^(+) contents. The champion catalyst afforded the ex.remely high turnover number(TON) of 6,176 and turnover frequency(TOF) of 3,390 h^(-1) plus stable recyclability and broad substrate compatibility. The Na ions modulated the electronic state of Pt NPs to reach a moderate Pt–H strength, which wellbalanced the two crucial steps of dehydrogenation and H-transfer and accounted for the high catalytic performance. The encapsulation of zeolites provided spatial satisfaction for the synergy effect above and enhanced the stabilization of Pt NPs.

关键词： heterogeneous catalysis zeolite amines N-alkylation nano catalysts

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基于三维点云的苹果树冠层点-叶模型重建方法

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农业机械学报 2020年第4期51卷 173-180页

作者：郭彩玲刘刚中国农业大学现代精细农业系统集成研究教育部重点实验室北京100083 唐山学院机电工程系唐山063000 中国农业大学农业农村部农业信息获取技术重点实验室北京100083

为了快速重建苹果树冠层结构三维模型,以纺锤体苹果树冠层为研究对象,利用地面三维激光扫描仪获取冠层三维点云,提出了苹果树冠层点-叶模型重建方法。首先,提出了苹果树冠层叶基自动提取方法,可获取苹果树冠层生长期和叶幕稳定期的叶基... 详细信息

为了快速重建苹果树冠层结构三维模型,以纺锤体苹果树冠层为研究对象,利用地面三维激光扫描仪获取冠层三维点云,提出了苹果树冠层点-叶模型重建方法。首先,提出了苹果树冠层叶基自动提取方法,可获取苹果树冠层生长期和叶幕稳定期的叶基,与手工提取的叶基对比分析表明,两种方法重合度较高、误差较小,两种方法的平均欧氏距离为1.41 mm;其次,提出了基于冠层体素化的叶基提取方法,构建了苹果树冠层点模型,并在叶基上拼接叶片模板,构建出苹果树冠层点-叶模型;最后,利用Vege STAR光模型计算光截获进行验证分析,与常规数字化仪测得数据相比,本文方法提高了苹果树冠层三维结构重建效率。

关键词：苹果树冠层三维点云叶基点-叶模型结构重建

Effects of different machine transplanting methods on the physiological and yield characteristics of late rice in China

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2023年第6期16卷 37-47页

作者： x.an Jia Yonglei Li Jiannong Song cailing Liu x.aolin Cao Licai Chen Lipengcheng Wan x.ang Ma College of Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Institute of Agricultural Engineering Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchang 330200China

To address problems caused by rice machine transplanting such as injury to the seedlings and recovery period that ex.end growth period,this study ex.lored the effects of different machine transplanting methods on the physiological and yield characteristics of late rice in China,and determine the appropriate machine transplanting method for late rice,which was ex.ected to provide a basis for high-yield and high-efficient cultivation of machine-transplanted late *** indica rice Taiyou 398 and conventional indica rice Jing Gangruanzhan were selected as the research objects,and large-pot carpet seedling machine transplanting(M1),conventional pot carpet seedling machine transplanting(M2)and ordinary carpet seedling machine transplanting(M3)were adopted respectively to analyze their effects on seedling quality,population physiological characteristics,yield and its components and economic benefits of late *** results showed that compared with M2 and M3,M1 achieved higher seedling quality,showing significant advantages in the early stage despite average root entwining force that met the requirement of machine *** seedlings transplanted using M1 had shorter recovery period after mechanical transplanting,with earlier tillering,earlier peak seedling,and slower declining of stems and tillers in the late stage;the peak seedling number was not high,but the effective tiller number and earbearing tiller percentage were significantly higher than those achieved by the other two machine transplanting ***,M1 achieved stronger photosynthetic capacity of flag leaves before HS,with more photosynthetic products in stems and leaves transported to panicles and more efficiently after *** with seedlings transplanted using M2 and M3,the recovery period of those transplanted using M1 was shortened by 3 and 5 d,the heading stage(HS),and maturity stage(MS)were advanced,which effectively reduced the risk and impact of“cold dew wind”on machine-transplanted

关键词： large-pot carpet seedling machine transplanting late rice physiological characteristics seedling quality yield