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Elucidating Variations in Nitrogen Requirement According to Yield, Variety and Cropping System for Chinese Rice Production

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Pedosphere 2017年第2期27卷 358-363页

作者： ZHANG Yi CHEN Xinping MA Wenqi cui zhenling Centre for Resources Environment and Food Security China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 (China) College of Bioscience and Biotechnology Hunan Agricultural University Changsha 410128 (China) College of Resources and Environmental Science Hebei Agricultural University Baoding 071001 (China)

Better understanding of the factors that influence crop nitrogen(N) requirement plays an important role in improving regional N recommendations for rice(Oryza sativa L.) production. We collected data from 1 280 plot-level measurements in different reaches of the Yangtze River, China to determine which factors contributed to variability in N requirement in rice. Yield, variety, and cropping system were significantly related to N requirement. The N requirement remained consistent at about 18.6 kg N Mg^(-1)grain as grain yield increased from 7 to 9 Mg ha^(-1), then decreased to 18.1, 16.9, and 15.9 kg N Mg^(-1)grain as yield increased to 9–10, 10–11, and > 11 Mg ha^(-1), respectively. The decreased requirement for N with increasing yield was attributable to declining N concentrations in grain and straw and increased harvest index. Super rice variety had lower N requirement(17.7 kg N Mg^(-1)grain) than ordinary inbred and hybrid varieties(18.5 and 18.3 kg N Mg^(-1)grain, respectively), which was a result of lower grain and straw N concentrations of super rice. The N requirements were 19.2, 17.8, and 17.5 kg N Mg^(-1)grain for early, middle, and late rice cropping systems, respectively. In conclusion, the rice N requirement was affected by multiple factors, including yield, variety, and cropping system, all of which should be considered when planning for optimal N management.

关键词： grain and straw N concentrations grain yield harvest index N management plant N uptake reciprocal internalefficiency

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Managing nutrient for both food security and environmental sustainability in China:an experiment for the world

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2014年第1期1卷 46-54页

作者： Fusuo ZHANG zhenling cui Weifeng ZHANG Center for Resources Environment and Food SecurityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

The challenges of how to simultaneously ensure global food security,improve nitrogen use efficiency(NUE)and protect the environment have received increasing ***,the dominant agricultural paradigm still considers high yield and reducing environmental impacts to be in conflict with one *** we examine a Three-Step-Strategy of past 20 years to produce more with less in China,showing that tremendous progress has been made to reduce N fertilizer input without sacrificing crop *** first step is to use technology for in-season root-zone nutrient management to significantly increase *** second is to use technology for integrated nutrient management to increase both yield and NUE by 15%–20%.The third step is to use technology for integrated soil-crop system management to increase yield and NUE by 30%–50%*** advances can thus be considered an effective agricultural paradigm to ensure food security,while increasing NUE and improving environmental quality.

关键词： integrated nutrient management integrated soil-crop system management environmental protection food security resource use efficiency

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Producing more with less: reducing environmental impacts through an integrated soil-crop system management approach

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第1期7卷 14-20页

作者： zhenling cui Zhengxia DOU Hao YING Fusuo ZHANG Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions Center for ResourcesEnvironment and Food SecurityMinistry of EducationCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China School of Veterinary Medicine University of PennsylvaniaKennett SquarePA 19348USA

Balancing crop productivity with resource use efficiency and beneficial environmental consequences is essential for sustainable agricultural development *** strategies and approaches have been proposed and debated,but turning the concept into management practices in the field with measurable outcomes over several scales remains a *** innovative approach,Integrated Soil-Crop System Management(ISSM),for producing more grain with greater nutrient use efficiencies and less environmental pollution is *** ISSM approach has been used in China,in field experiments as well as in thousands of farmer fields,to substantially increase the yields of maize,rice and wheat while simultaneously increasing nitrogen use efficiency and reducing environmental *** scientific principle,implementation strategy and procedures of ISSM are discussed and examples of its demonstrated successes at local and regional levels across China are *** for further development of ISSM and expanding its potential impact are also proposed and discussed.

关键词： China environmental protection food security high-yielding nitrogen management

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TRANSFORMATION OF AGRICULTURE ON THE LOESS PLATEAU OF CHINA TOWARD GREEN DEVELOPMENT

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2021年第4期8卷 491-500页

作者： Gang HE Zhaohui WANG Jianbo SHEN zhenling cui Fusuo ZHANG College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Loess Plateau of China is a typical dryland agricultural *** there has transformed from food shortage toward green development over the past seven decades,and has achieved world-renowned ***1950–1980,the population increased from 42 to 77 million,increasing grain production to meet food demand of rapid population growth was the greatest *** measures such as terracing and check-dam were the crucial strategies to increase crop *** 1981 to 2000,most of agronomic measures played a key role in increasing crops yield,and a series of policy support has benefited millions of *** expected,these measures and policies greatly increased crop production and basically achieved food security;but,low per capita GDP(only about 620 USD in 2000)was still a big *** 2001–2015,the increase in agricultural and non-agricultural income together supported the increase in farmer income to5781 USD·yr^(–1).Intensive agriculture that relies heavily on chemicals increased crop productivity by 56%.Steadfast policy support such as"Grain for Green Program"had an overwhelming advantage in protecting the natural ecological *** the new era,the integration of science and technology innovations,policy support and positive societal factors will be the golden key to further improve food production,protect environment,and increase smallholder income.

关键词： agronomic technologies economic returns education environmental cost food production government policy

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Improving Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency Simultaneously for Maize and Wheat in China： A Review

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Pedosphere 2016年第2期26卷 137-147页

作者： MENG Qingfeng YUE Shanchao HOU Peng cui zhenling CHEN Xinping China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China

Achieving both high yield and high nitrogen use efficiency （NUE） simultaneously has become a major challenge with increased global demand for food, depletion of natural resources, and deterioration of environment. As the greatest consumers of N fertilizer in the world, Chinese farmers have overused N, and there has been poor synchrony between crop N demand and N supply because of limited understanding of the N uptake-yield relationship. To address this problem, this study evaluated the total and dynamic N requirement for different yield ranges of two major crops （maize and wheat）, and suggested improvements to N management strategies. Whole-plant N aboveground uptake requirement per grain yield （Nreq） initially deceased with grain yield improvement and then stagnated, and yet most farmers still believed that more fertilizer and higher grain yield were synonymous. When maize yield increased from 〈 7.5 to 〉 12.0 Mg ha-I, Nreq decreased from 19.8 to 17.0 kg Mg-1 grain. For wheat, it decreased from 27.1 kg Mg-1 grain for grain yield 〈 4.5 Mg ha-1 to 22.7 kg Mg-1 grain for yield 〉 9.0 Mg ha-1. Meanwhile, the percentage of dry matter and N accumulation in the middle-late growing season increased significantly with grain yield, which indicated that N fertilization should be concentrated in the middle-late stage to match crop demand while farmers often applied the majority of N fertilizer either before sowing or during early growth stages. We accordingly developed an integrated soil-crop system management strategy that simultaneously increases both grain yield and NUE.

关键词： crop N requirement high yield integrated soil-crop system management N application timing N demand

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CLIMATE-CHANGE-INDUCED TEMPORAL VARIATION IN PRECIPITATION INCREASES NITROGEN LOSSES FROM INTENSIVE CROPPING SYSTEMS: ANALYSIS WITH A TOY MODEL

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第3期9卷 457-464页

作者： Peter MVITOUSEK Xinping CHEN zhenling cui Xuejun LIU Pamela AMATSON Ivan ORTIZ-MONASTERIO GPhilip ROBERTSON Fusuo ZHANG Department of Biology Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA College of Resources and Environment and Academy of Agricultural SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400716China College of Resources&Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Earth System Science Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) El BatanTexcoco 56237Mexico W.K.Kellogg Biological Station and Department of PlantSoil and Microbial SciencesMichigan State UniversityHickory CornersMI 49060USA.

A simple‘toy’model of productivity and nitrogen and phosphorus cycling was used to evaluate how the increasing temporal variation in precipitation that is predicted(and observed)to occur as a consequence of greenhouse-gasinduced climate change will affect crop yields and losses of reactive N that can cause environmental damage and affect human *** model predicted that as temporal variability in precipitation increased it progressively reduced yields and increased losses of reactive N by disrupting the synchrony between N supply and plant N ***,increases in the temporal variation of precipitation increased the frequency of floods and *** of this model indicate that climate-change-driven increases in temporal variation in precipitation in rainfed agricultural ecosystems will make it difficult to sustain cropping systems that are both high-yielding and have small environmental and human-health footprints.

关键词： crop yield fertilizer timing nitrogen loss precipitation variability toy model

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AGRICULTURAL GREEN DEVELOPMENT TO ACHIEVE FOOD SECURITY AND CARBON REDUCTION IN THE CONTEXT OF CHINA'S DUAL CARBON GOALS

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2023年第2期10卷 262-267页

作者： Yulong YIN Kai HE Zhong CHEN Yangyang LI Fengling REN Zihan WANG Yingcheng WANG Haiqing GONG Qichao ZHU Jianbo SHEN Xuejun LIU zhenling cui College of Resources and Environmental Sciences National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentKey Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions(Ministry of Education)Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture(Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

The agricultural sector,a major source of greenhouse gas emissions,and emissions from agriculture must be reduced substantially to achieve carbon(C)*** on a literature analysis and other research results,this study investigated the effects and prospects of C reduction in agricultural systems under different scenarios(i.e.,methods and approaches)in the context of China's dual C goals,as those working in the agricultural sector have yet to reach a consensus on how to move *** views,standards,and countermeasures were analyzed to provide a reference for agricultural action supporting China's C neutrality goal.

关键词： agriculture carbon neutrality carbon peak food security carbon mitigation strategies

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OPPORTUNITIES AND APPROACHES FOR MANIPULATING SOIL-PLANT MICROBIOMES FOR EFFECTIVE CROP NITROGEN USE IN AGROECOSYSTEMS

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第3期9卷 333-343页

作者： Jingjing PENG Olatunde OLADELE Xiaotong SONG Xiaotang JU Zhongjun JIA Hangwei HU Xuejun LIU Shuikuan BEI Anhui GE Limei ZHANG zhenling cui College of Resources and Environmental Sciences National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentKey Laboratory of Plant-Soil InteractionsMinistry of EducationChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China College of Tropical Crops Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Key Labortatory of Mollisols Agroecology Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102China Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC.3010Australia University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China.

Soil microbiomes drive the biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen and regulate soil N supply and loss,thus,pivotal nitrogen use efficiency(NUE).Meanwhile,there is an increasing awareness that plant associated microbiomes and soil food web interactions is vital for modulating crop productivity and N *** rapid advances in modern omics-based techniques and biotechnologies make it possible to manipulate soil-plant microbiomes for improving NUE and reducing N environmental *** paper summarizes current progress in research on regulating soil microbial N cycle processes for NUE improvement,plant-microbe interactions benefiting plant N uptake,and the importance of soil microbiomes in promoting soil health and crop *** also proposes a potential holistic(rhizosphere-root-phyllosphere)microbe-based approach to improve NUE and reduce dependence on mineral N fertilizer in agroecosystems,toward nature-based solution for nutrient management in intensive cropping systems.

关键词： nitrogen microbiome NUE rhizosphere phyllosphere soil food web

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Clinical diagnostic performance of the simultaneous amplification and testing methods for detection of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex for smear-negative or sputum-scarce pulmonary tuberculosis in China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2014年第10期127卷 1863-1867页

作者： Fan Lin Zhang Qing Cheng Liping Liu Zhibing Ji Xiaobing cui zhenling Ju Jingliang Xiao Heping Tuberculosis Center for Diagnosis and Treatment Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200433 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200433 China Shanghai Rendu Biotechnology Co. Ltd. Shanghai 201201 China

Background Early detection of pulmonary tuberculosis （PTB） is a big challenge in smear negative and sputum scarce patients in *** amplification and testing methods for detection of the Mycobactedum tuberculosis （MTB） complex （SAT-TB assay） is a novel molecular technique established in our *** method has a high sensitivity and specificity in the *** this study,the clinical diagnostic performance of this method in smear-negative or sputum-scarce PTB suspects was investigated and *** Two hundred smear negative and 80 sputum-scarce patients were recruited in this *** that included sputum or bronchial washing fluid were collected and sent for both bacteria culture and SAT-TB *** for these patients was based on the comprehensive evaluation of chestX-ray/CT study,histology examination,lab results,and treatment ***,specificity,positive predictive value （PPV） and negative predictive value （NPV） for each diagnostic test were investigated and calculated using confirmed tuberculosis （TB） and non-TB *** time required for detection of MTB was also measured for each *** Ninety-two patients （33％） were diagnosed as definitive TB,112 patients （40％） were probable PTB,and 76 （27％） were *** sensitivity,specificity,PPV,and NPV of SAT-TB in smear-negative PTB suspects were 93％（95％ CI,84％-98％）,98％（95％ CI,90％-100％）,98％（95％ Cl,91％-100％）,and 93％（95％ CI,83％-98％）.In sputum scarce PTB suspects,the sensitivity,specificity,PPV,and NPV of the SAT-TB assay on bronchial washing fiuids were 90％（95％Cl,74％-98％）,100％（95％ Cl,85％-100％）,100％（95％ Cl,88％-100％）,and 88％（95％ CI,69％-97％）.The accuracy of the SAT-TB assay is consistent with the bacteria culture *** median time required for detecting MTB in the SAT-TB assay was 0.5 day,which was much faster than bacteria culture （28 days）.Conclusions The SAT-TB assay is a fast and accurate method for the detection of *** can be widely applied in

关键词： nucleic acid amplification techniques smear-negative sputum scarce diagnosis tuberculosis

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Agriculture Green Development: a model for China and the world

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第1期7卷 5-13页

作者： Jianbo SHEN Qichao ZHU Xiaoqiang JIAO Hao YING Hongliang WANG Xin WEN Wen XU Tingyu LI Wenfeng CONG Xuejun LIU Yong HOU zhenling cui Oene OENEMA William JDAVIES Fusuo ZHANG National Academy of Agriculture Green Development Department of Plant NutritionKey Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions(Ministry of Education)China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Soil Quality Wageningen University and Research CentreWageningen6700 AAthe Netherlands Lancaster Environment Centre University of LancasterLancasterLAI 4YQUK

Realizing sustainable development has become a global *** holds,in particular,for ***,the United Nations launched the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),and the Nineteenth National People’s Congress has delivered a national strategy for sustainable development in China—realizing green *** overall objective of Agriculture Green Development(AGD)is to coordinate"green"with"development"to realize the transformation of current agriculture with high resource consumption and high environmental costs into a green agriculture and countryside with high productivity,high resource use efficiency and low environmental *** is a formidable task,requiring joint efforts of government,farmers,industry,educators and *** innovative concept for AGD will focus on reconstructing the whole crop-animal production and food production-consumption system,with the emphasis on high thresholds for environmental standards and food quality as well as enhanced human *** paper addresses the significance,challenges,framework,pathways and potential solutions for realizing AGD in China,and highlights the potential changes that will lead to a more sustainable agriculture in the *** include interdisciplinary innovations,whole food chain improvement and regional *** implementation of AGD in China will provide important implications for the countries in developmental transition,and contribute to global sustainable development.

关键词： Agriculture Green Development food security interdisciplinary innovations resource use efficiency sustainable development sustainable intensification whole industry chain

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