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Neuroprotective and neuroregenerative potential of pharmacologically-induced hypothermia with d-alanine d-leucine enkephalin in brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第12期13卷 2029-2037页

作者： M.Grant Liska Marci G.crowley Julian P.Tuazon Cesar V.Borlongan Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair University of South Florida College of Medicine

Neurovascular disorders, such as traumatic brain injury and stroke, persist as leading causes of death and disability - thus, the search for novel therapeutic approaches for these disorders continues. Many hurdles have hindered the translation of effective therapies for traumatic brain injury and stroke primarily because of the inherent complexity of neuropathologies and an inability of current treatment approaches to adapt to the unique cell death pathways that accompany the disorder symptoms. Indeed, developing potent treatments for brain injury that incorporate dynamic and multiple disorder-engaging therapeutic targets are likely to produce more effective outcomes than traditional drugs. The therapeutic use of hypothermia presents a promising option which may fit these criteria. While regulated temperature reduction has displayed great promise in preclinical studies of brain injury, clinical trials have been far less consistent and associated with adverse effects, especially when hypothermia is pursued via systemic cooling. Accordingly, devising better methods of inducing hypothermia may facilitate the entry of this treatment modality into the clinic. The use of the delta opioid peptide d-alanine d-leucine enkephalin（dAdLE） to pharmacologically induce temperature reduction may offer a potent alternative, as dAdLE displays both the ability to cause temperature reduction and to confer a broad profile of other neuroprotective and neuroregenerative processes. This review explores the prospect of dAdLE-mediated hypothermia to treat neurovascular brain injuries, emphasizing the translational steps necessary for its clinical translation.

关键词： stroke traumatic brian injury neurodegeneration temperature management regenerative medicine delta opioids metabolic suppression cerebrovascular disease neurovascular disease

Update of transmission modelling and projections of gambiense human African trypanosomiasis in the Mandoul focus, Chad

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Infectious diseases of Poverty 2022年第1期11卷 34-46页

作者： Kat S.Rock Ching-I Huang Ronald E.Crump Paul R.Bessell Paul E.Brown Inaki Tirados Philippe Solano Marina Antillon Albert Picado Severin Mbainda Justin darnas Emily H.crowley Steve J.Torr Mallaye Peka Mathematics Institute University of WarwickAcademic Loop RoadCoventryCV47ALUK Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology&Infectious disease Epidemiology Research(SBIdER) University of WarwickAcademic Loop RoadCoventryCV47ALUK Independent Consultant EdinburghUK department of Vector Biology Liverpool School of Tropical MedicineLiverpoolUK Institut de Recherche pour le développement UMR INTERTRYP IRD-CIRADUniversitéde Montpellier34398MontpellierFrance Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute BaselSwitzerland University of Basel BaselSwitzerland Foundation for Innovative New diagnostics(FINd) GenevaSwitzerland Programme National de Lutte contre la Trypanosomiase Humaine Africaine(PNLTHA) MoundouChad

Background:In recent years,a programme of vector control,screening and treatment of gambiense human African trypanosomiasis(gHAT)infections led to a rapid decline in cases in the Mandoul focus of Chad.To represent the biology of transmission between humans and tsetse,we previously developed a mechanistic transmission model,fitted to data between 2000 and 2013 which suggested that transmission was interrupted by 2015.The present study outlines refinements to the model to:(1)Assess whether elimination of transmission has already been achieved despite low-level case reporting;(2)quantify the role of intensified interventions in transmission reduction;and(3)predict the trajectory of gHAT in Mandoul for the next decade under different strategies.Method:Our previous gHAT transmission model for Mandoul was updated using human case data(2000-2019)and a series of model refinements.These include how diagnostic specificity is incorporated into the model and improvements to the fitting method(increased variance in observed case reporting and how underreporting and improvements to passive screening are captured).A side-by-side comparison of fitting to case data was performed between the models.Results:We estimated that passive detection rates have increased due to improvements in diagnostic availability in fixed health facilities since 2015,by 2.1-fold for stage 1 detection,and 1.5-fold for stage 2.We find that whilst the diagnostic algorithm for active screening is estimated to be highly specific(95%credible interval(CI):99.9-100%,Specificity=99.9%),the high screening and low infection levels mean that some recently reported cases with no parasitological confirmation might be false positives.We also find that the focus-wide tsetse reduction estimated through model fitting(95%CI:96.1-99.6%,Reduction=99.1%)is comparable to the reduction previously measured by the decline in tsetse catches from monitoring traps.In line with previous results,the model suggests that transmission was interrupted in 2015 due to intensified interven

关键词： Gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (gHAT) Modelling Elimination of transmission Validation Tsetse Vector control Glossina diagnostics

中美大陆前寒武纪磷灰石裂变径迹年龄的大地构造意义

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地球物理学进展 1992年第2期7卷 61-67页

作者： Kevin d.crowley 王志洪

衣阿华(Iowa)西北部横大陆穹窿两侧穿透基底的岩心的磷灰石裂变径迹视年龄范围为934±86至641±90 Ma.其中北美最老的这些年龄位记录了至少两次热事件.934 Ma这一年龄值与来自格林维尔省(Grenville Province)的K-Ar年龄和来自苏必利尔(S... 详细信息

衣阿华(Iowa)西北部横大陆穹窿两侧穿透基底的岩心的磷灰石裂变径迹视年龄范围为934±86至641±90 Ma.其中北美最老的这些年龄位记录了至少两次热事件.934 Ma这一年龄值与来自格林维尔省(Grenville Province)的K-Ar年龄和来自苏必利尔(Superior)湖区K-Ar全岩年龄及Rb-Sr等时线年龄一致,可能证实了区域抬升和地壳剥蚀导致的基底冷却.其余的裂变径迹年龄是与样品年龄相关的热事件的产物,该热事件使温度升高至部分退火带.加热过程可能发生在中奥陶世至中白垩世,由附加沉积物覆盖基底而造成.据估计,取样的那部分基底因埋藏导致温度升高50—75℃.这些温度估计值表明,古地热梯度约20℃/km,几乎是现值的2—1.5倍,覆盖基底的附加沉积物有2—3 km厚.

关键词：磷灰石裂变径迹大地构造前寒武纪地热梯度年龄值中白垩世中奥陶世等时线年龄苏必利尔构造幕

A Role for Type 1 Angiotensin Receptors on Immune Cells in Hypertensive Kidney disease

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A Role for Type 1 Angiotensin Receptors on Immune Cells in H...

中国生理学会肾脏生理专业委员会第二届学术年会

作者： Steven d.crowley 杜克大学附属医院肾脏病科

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声表面波移相器

压电与声光 1979年第6期 39-42页

作者： J.d.crowley 王大春海军研究实验室

本文提出在压电基片上产生声表面波直接相移的一种新的声电移相器.介绍了与YZ-LiNbO耦合的硅片气隙所引起的衰减及相滞与电阻率关系的计算结果.证明采用光生载流子和表面电阻率的场效应控制,可以利用硅电阻率的变化来控制声表面波的相位... 详细信息

本文提出在压电基片上产生声表面波直接相移的一种新的声电移相器.介绍了与YZ-LiNbO耦合的硅片气隙所引起的衰减及相滞与电阻率关系的计算结果.证明采用光生载流子和表面电阻率的场效应控制,可以利用硅电阻率的变化来控制声表面波的相位.实验结果证实,利用+30伏横向电压脉冲得到了180°相移.

关键词：声表面波相移硅片场效应表面电阻系数表面电阻率移相器

Evaluating Breed Complementarity and Sexed Semen with Maternal Use of Afrikaner Germplasm

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第7期8卷 507-517页

作者： Razie Khorshidi Michael d. MacNeil John J. crowley Michiel M. Scholtz Annette Theunissen Graham S. Plastow Livestock Genetic Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science University of Alberta Edmonton Canada delta G Miles City USA ARC-Animal Production Institute Irene South Africa department of Animal Wildlife and Grassland Sciences University of the Free State Bloemfontein South Africa Canadian Beef Breeds Council Calgary Canada department of Agricultural Land Reform and Rural Development Jan Kempdorp South Africa

Livestock production impacts food security of developing countries, especially where efficiency of production is compromised by environmental stressors. In South Africa, breeding with indigenous Afrikaner cattle that are genetically well adapted to subtropical environments is considered an essential strategy for sustainable beef production. Today, there is a potential for farmers to participate in commercial systems that join adapted Afrikaner germplasm, used in a specialized maternal role, with exotic terminal sires to optimize production. The objective of this study was to assess productivity of five simulated production systems: 1) straightbred Afrikaner mated naturally, 2) a straight-bred Afrikaner cow herd with two sections;one section to produce replacement females and the other to cross with Charolais terminal sires, both using natural mating, 3) similar to 2, but applying sexed semen to produce replacement females, 4) similar to 2, but using a multi-breed composite dam line with a breed combination of 50% Afrikaner, 25% Hereford and 25% Simmental, and 5) similar to 4, but again applying sexed semen to produce replacement females. Parameter estimates needed to compare these systems were extracted from the scientific literature. Relative to straightbred Afrikaner dams, the simulated composite dams were more fit producing 7.8% more calves and their progeny performance was improved by reducing feed intake (-24.4%) and increasing meat production (+11.7%). The potential benefit of allocating more cows to the terminal sire was insufficient to offset the reduction in pregnancy rate that results with the use of sexed semen. Thus, system 4 had the greatest productivity (+23.1%) while requiring 22.8% less feed for finishing the progeny to be harvested relative to the purebred Afrikaner system. The combination of increased productivity and reduced feed requirement made use of a Charolais terminal sire in conjunction with multi-breed composite females bred by natural service the most efficient system among those studi

关键词： Beef Production Afrikaner Composite dams Sexed Semen Terminal Crossbreeding

用钻井方法检验大陆地壳中放射性元素和热能产量分布

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国外地质勘探技术 1989年第10期 21-25页

作者： Kevin d.crowley 王本吉

地质科学研究中的基本问题与地球的热流系统有关,热流系统包括温度随深度的变化、热源、热阱和热传导过程。

关键词：钻井法大陆地壳放射性元素热能

区域变质多相方解石大理岩中次生相颗粒对稳定颗粒粒度的效应研究

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地质科学译丛 1997年第2期14卷 5-10页

作者： d.L.Mas P.d.crowley 李红丽 department of Geology Amherst College AmherstMA 01002USA

在马萨诸塞州亚当斯市 Pfizer 采石场采集的富方解石 Shelburne 大理岩样品,在颗粒粒度上呈现量级变化序列。方解石的颗粒粒度范围为94～1101μm。由于这些方解石大理岩都是同温、同压、同应变条件下生成的,因此肯定有一些其它因素导致... 详细信息

在马萨诸塞州亚当斯市 Pfizer 采石场采集的富方解石 Shelburne 大理岩样品,在颗粒粒度上呈现量级变化序列。方解石的颗粒粒度范围为94～1101μm。由于这些方解石大理岩都是同温、同压、同应变条件下生成的,因此肯定有一些其它因素导致了颗粒粒度的不同。颗粒粒度显示出受杂质密集度或次生相颗粒控制。在次生相颗粒体积分数小的地方出现大的方解石颗粒,且其粒度随次生相体积分数的增大而减小。方解石颗粒粒度(d)、次生相颗粒粒度(d)和次生相体积分数(f)之间的关系可用指数定律 d/d=1.4/f^(0.36)来表达,此结论与用金属和陶瓷做的短期(几小时或几天)实验室实验和计算机模拟所得结果一致。颗粒生长很大程度上只受极少百分点次生相颗粒的限制,在次生相体积分数约等于5%时,颗粒生长由高度限制突变为几乎不受其限制。这些结论都表明,变质岩中次生相颗粒在控制颗粒生长方面起重要作用,可有效地制约颗粒生长。实验室实验中短期的次生相颗粒行为接近于变质环境下持续了几个量级序列的颗粒生长中的次生相行为。

关键词：大理岩方解石颗粒生长次生相颗粒

白介素1受体在血管紧张素Ⅱ-依赖性的高血压小鼠中的作用及其机制:调节氧化应激

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白介素1受体在血管紧张素Ⅱ-依赖性的高血压小鼠中的作用及其机制...