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Anti-adipogenic effects of extracts of Ficus deitoidea var. deltoidea and var. angustifolia on 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2014年第3期15卷 295-302页

作者： Shiau m.i WOON Yew Wei SENG Anna Pick Kiong LiNG soi m.i chye Rhun Yian KOH School of Pharmacy International Medical University Bukit Jalil 57000 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Human Biology International Medical University Bukit Jalil 57000 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Objective： This study examined the anti-adipogenic effects of extracts of Ficus deltoidea var. deltoidia and var. angustifolia, a natural slim.ing aid, on 3T3-L1 adipocytes. methods： methanol and water extracts of leaves of the F. deltoidea varieties were analyzed to determine their total flavonoid content （TFC） and total phenolic content （TPC）, respectively. The study was initiated by determining the maximum non-toxic dose （mNTD） of the methanol and water extracts for 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Possible anti-adipogenic effects were then examined by treating 2-d post confluent 3T3-L1 preadipocytes with either methanol extract or water extract at mNTD and half mNTD （1/2mNTD）, after which the preadipocytces were induced to form mature adipocytes. Visualisation and quantification of lipid content in mature adipocytes were carried out through oil red O staining and measurement of optical density （OD） at 520 nm, respec- tively. Results： The TFCs of the methanol extracts were 1.36 and 1.97 g quercetin equivalents （QE）/100 g dry weight （DW）, while the TPCs of the water extracts were 5.61 and 2.73 g gallic acid equivalents （GAE）/100 g DW for var. deltoidea and var. angustilofia, respectively. The mNTDs determined for methanol and water extracts were （300.0±28.3） and （225.0±21.2） μg/ml, respectively, for var. deltoidea, while much lower mNTDs [（60.0±2.0） iJg/ml for methanol extracts and （8.0＋1.0） μg/ml for water extracts] were recorded for var. angustifolia. Studies revealed that the methanol extracts of both varieties and the water extracts of var. angustifolia at either mNTD or 1/2mNTD significantly inhibited the maturation of preadipocytes. Conclusions： The inhibition of the formation of mature adipocytes indicated that leaf extracts of F. deltoidea could have potential anti-obesity effects.

关键词： Ad Dogenesis Ficus deltoidea Flavonoids Natural products Obesity

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Pteropine Orthoreovirus(PRV7S)does not Establish Persistent infection in NP460 Cells but with inflammatory Response Triggered

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生物医学与环境科学:英文版 2023年第9期36卷 886-891页

作者： LOH mun Khin Alson SiEW Zhen Yun LEONG Pooi Pooi KOH Rhun Yian chye soi m.i WONG Siew Tung VOON Kenny School of Postgraduate Studies International Medical University57000 Kuala LumpurMalaysia School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Malaysia43500 SemenyihMalaysia Faculty of medicine and Health Sciences Universiti of Tunku Abdul Rahman43000 KajangMalaysia School of Health Sciences International Medical University57000 Kuala Lumpur malaysia School of MedicineInternational Medical University57000 Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Pteropine orthoreovirus(PRV)is a nonenveloped double-stranded RNA(dsRNA)virus of the genus Orthoreovirus under the family *** PRV genome is composed of 10 dsRNA segments,including three large(L)segments,three medium(m... 详细信息

关键词： PRV pine reovirus

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Anti-encystment and amoebicidal activity of Lonicera japonica Thunb. and its major constituent Chlorogenic acid in vitro

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2016年第9期9卷 844-850页

作者： Tooba mahboob Abdul-majid Azlan Tian-chye Tan Chandramathi Samudi Shamala Devi Sekaran Veeranoot Nissapatorn Christophe Wiart Department of Parasitology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya Department of medical microbiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Malaysia CampusJalan 56000 Semenyih

Objective:To examine the acanthamoebicidal effects of ethyl acetate,aqueous and butanol fractions of dried flower buds of Lonicera japonica(***) Thunb.(Flos Lonicerae) in ***:Acanthamoeba triangularis isolates were obtained from environmental water samples and identified by *** were exposed to ethyl acetate,water and butanol fractions of *** *** concentrations ranging from 0.5 mg/m L to 1.5 mg/m *** extracts were evaluated for growth inhibition at 24,48 and 72 h,*** acid at a concentration of 1 mg/mL was examined for inhibition of ***:Ethyl acetate fraction at a concentration of 1.5 mg/mL evoked a significant reduction of trophozoite viability by 48.9% after 24 h,49.2% after 48 h and 33.7% after 72 h Chlorogenic acid,the major active constituent of *** *** the concentration of 1 mg/mL reduced the cysts/trophozoite ratio by 100% after 24 h,84.0% after 48 h and 72.3% after 72 *** phenolic compound at concentration of 1 mg/mL concurrent with 0.6% hydrogen peroxide inhibited hydrogen peroxide-induced encystment by 92.8% at 72 ***:Results obtained from this study show that ethyl acetate fraction at 1.5 mg/m L is the most potent fraction of *** *** its major constituent chlorogenic acid showed the remarkable inhibition of encystment at a concentration of 1 mg/mL.

关键词： Acanthamoeba spp. Amoebicidal Chlorogenic acid Encystment Lonicera japonica Thunb.

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Projection of the Zhujiang(Pearl) River Delta's potential submerged area due to sea level rise during the 21st century based on CmiP5 simulations

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2015年第9期34卷 78-84页

作者： XiA Jiangjiang YAN Zhongwei ZHOU Wen FONG soi Kun LEONG Ka Cheng TANG iu man CHANG S W LEONG W K JiN Shaofei Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Guy Carpenter Asia-Pacific Climate impact Centre School of Energy and EnvironmentCity University of Hong Kong macao meteorological and Geophysical Bureau

Projections of potential submerged area due to sea level rise are helpful for improving understanding of the influence of ongoing global warming on coastal areas. The Ensemble Em.irical mode Decomposition method is used to adaptively decompose the sea level time series in order to extract the secular trend component. Then the linear relationship between the global mean sea level （GmSL） change and the Zhujiang （Pearl） River Delta （PRD） sea level change is calculated： an increase of 1.0 m.in the GmSL corresponds to a 1.3 m （uncertainty interval from 1.25 to 1.46 m） increase in the PRD. Based on this relationship and the GmSL rise projected by the Coupled model intercomparison Project Phase 5 under three greenhouse gas emission scenarios （representative concentration pathways, or RCPs, from low to high emission scenarios RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5）, the PRD sea level is calculated and projected for the period 2006-2100. By around the year 2050, the PRD sea level will rise 0.29 （0.21 to 0.40） m under RCP2.6, 0.31 （0.22 to 0.42） m under RCP4.5, and 0.34 （0.25 to 0.46） m under RCP8.5, respectively. By 2100, it will rise 0.59 （0.36 to 0.88） m, 0.71 （0.47 to 1.02） m, and 1.0 （0.68 to 1.41） m, respectively. in addition, considering the extreme value of relative sea level due to land subsidence （i.e., 0.20 m） and that obtained from.intermonthly variability （i.e., 0.33 m）, the PRD sea level will rise 1.94 m by the year 2100 under the RCP8.5 scenario with the upper uncertainty level （i.e., 1.41 m）. Accordingly, the potential submerged area is 8.57x103 km2 for the PRD, about 1.3 times its present area.

关键词： sea level Zhujiang (Pearl) River Delta (PRD) representative concentration pathways (RCPs) CmiP5 submerged area Ensemble Em.irical mode Decomposition (EEmD)

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A truncated hepatitis E virus ORF2 protein expressed in tobacco plastids is immunogenic in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第2期12卷 306-312页

作者： Yuan-Xiang Zhou maggie Yuk-Ting Lee James ming-Him Ng mee-Len chye Wing-Kin Yip Sze-Yong Zee Eric Lam Department of Botany The University of Hong Kong PokfulamRoad Hong Kong China Biotech Center Rutgers University 59 Dudley RoadNew Brunswick NJ 08901-8520 United States

Aim： To cost-effectively express the 23-ku pE2, the most promising subunit vaccine encoded by the E2 fragment comprising of the 3＇-portion of hepatitis E virus （HEV） open reading frame 2 （ORF2） in plastids of tobacco （Nicotiana tabacum cv. SR1）, to investigate the transgene expression and pE2 accumulation in plastids, and to evaluate the antigenic effect of the plastid-derived pE2 in mice. mETHODS： Plastid-targeting vector pRB94-E2 containing the E2 fragment driven by rice psbA promoter was constructed. Upon delivery into tobacco plastids, this construct could initiate homologous recom.ination in psaB-trnfm and trnG-psbC fragments in plastid genome, and result in transgene inserted between the two fragments. The pRB94-E2 was delivered with a biolistic particle bombardment method, and the plastid-transformed plants were obtained following the regeneration of the bombarded leaf tissues on a spectinomycin-supplemented medium. Transplastomic status of the regenerated plants was confirmed by PCR and Southern blot analysis, transgene expression was investigated by Northern blot analysis, and accumulation of pE2 was measured by ELiSA. Furthermore, protein extracts were used to immunize mice, and the presence of the pE2-reactive antibodies in serum samples of the immunized mice was studied by ELiSA. RESULTS： Transplastomic lines confirmed by PCR and Southern blot analysis could actively transcribe the E2 mRNA. The pE2 polypeptide was accumulated to a level as high as 13.27 μg/g fresh leaves. The pE2 could stimulate the immunized mice to generate pE2-specific antibodies. CONCLUSiON： HEV-E2 fragment can be inserted into the plastid genome and the recom.inant pE2 antigen derived is antigenic in mice. Hence, plastids may be a novel source for cost-effective production of HEV vaccines.

关键词： Hepatitis E virus E2 Plastid transformation Vaccine Tobacco

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A Refined Algorithm of 3-D Sound Synthesis

A Refined Algorithm of 3-D Sound Synthesis

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1998 Fourth international Conference Signal Processing

作者： ming Zhang Kah-chye Tan m.H.Er Centre for Signal Processing School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Block S2Level 4S2-B4-08 Nanyang Technological University

＜正＞in this work,we use the head-related transfer functions （HRTF’s） made available to the public by Gardner and martin of miT media *** objective is to refine the ***’s so as to exaggerate the perceptual differences for the sounds coming from different directions,and emphasize the pinnae *** the refined HRTF’s,we demonstrate reduced front-back reversal rates.

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Persistent occult hepatitis B virus infection:Experimental findings and clinical implications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第43期13卷 5682-5686页

作者： Patricia m mulrooney-Cousins Tomasz i michalak molecular Virology and Hepatology Research Division of BioMedical Science Faculty of Medicine Health Sciences Centre Memorial University St. John's NL A1B 3V6 Canada

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a highly pathogenic virus that causes chronic liver diseases in millions of people globally. in addition to a symptomatic, serologically evident infection, occult persistent HBV carriage has been identified since nucleic acid amplification assays of enhanced sensitivity became introduced for detection of hepadnaviral genomes and their replicative intermediates. Current evidence indicates that occult HBV infection is a common and long-term consequence of resolution of acute hepatitis B. This form of residual infection is termed as secondary occult infection (soi). The data from the woodchuck model of HBV infection indicate that exposure to small amounts of hepadnavirus can also cause primary occult infection (POi) where virus genome, but no serological makers of exposure to virus, are detectable, and the liver may not be involved. However, virus replicates at low levels in the lymphatic system.in both these forms. We briefly summarize the current understanding of the nature and characteristics of occult hepadnaviral persistence as well as of its documented and expected pathological consequences.

关键词： Hepatitis B viWoodchuck hepatitis virus Hepadnaviruses Hepadnaviral hepatitis Occult viral persistence Hepadnavirus lymphotropism Primary occult infection Secondary occult infection Virus reactivation

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Antioxidative and Neuroprotective Activities of the Pre-Germinated Brown Rice Extract

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第1期3卷 135-140页

作者： Rungtip soi-ampornkul Sarawut Junnu Surin Kanyok Sompong Liammongkolkul Wanphen Katanyoo Supranee Umpornsirirat 不详

We evaluated the effects of pre-germinated brown rice extract (PGBR ex) with enhanced levels of GABA on proliferation and apoptosis of neuronal SK-N-SH cells line. Firstly, we used HPLC methods to study the level of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in all rice extracts. We found that the concentration of GABA in the PGBR ex were 3 and 8 times higher than the GABA concentration in non-germinated brown rice (BR ex) and white rice (WR ex) compared with the stan- dard GABA respectively. Next we study the protective effects of brown rice extract by investigating various methods, we found that the effects of dose-dependent study by treated with PGBR ex, BR ex and WR ex at (0 - 4000 μg/ml). The data from mTT assay showed that the higher concentration of all rice extracts were not induced toxicity to SK-N-SH cells. To test the protective effect by study the viability of SK-N-SH cells. These results showed that PGBR ex and BR ex can protect cells by significantly increase cells survival up to 29.3% ± 0.01% and13.4% ± 0.07 % (p 56.9% ± 0.02 % (p mpared with un- treated cells (control). Next study we test the effect of cells apoptotic by ROS assay and DNA fragmentation. The results showed that PGBR ex were definitely decrease the amount of ROS formation and had a little of DNA ladders comparable with condition that induced by 150 ?m H2O2. Our data indicating that PGBR ex with enhanced levels of GABA effectively inhibit SK-N-SH cells proliferation and apoptosis. These present results suggest that intake of PGBR and BR instead of WR is effective to protect cell proliferation and apoptosis which may be useful nutritional to prevent neuronal cells from neurodegenerative disease.

关键词： Pre-Germinated Brown Rice SK-N-SH Cells Antioxidant GABA Apoptosis DNA Fragmentation

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identifying Com.inatorial Growth inhibitory Effects of Various Plant Extracts on Leukemia Cells through Systematic Experimental Design

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第10期3卷 1390-1398页

作者： Kenneth Theng Wan Cheong Kyaw Htay Royston Heng chye Tan mayasari Lim Division of Bioengineering School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore

Plant extracts are widely studied for their anti-cancer and cancer preventive effects. in this study, we compared the leukemia growth inhibition effects of seven different plant extracts, theaflavin, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epicathechin (EC), apigenin, quercetin, chrysin and tannic acid, in vitro using the K562 erythroleukemia cell line and application of the design of experiments (DoE) methodology. Our systematic approach enabled us to isolate the m.in factor contribution, two-factor interactions and produced interaction relationships and/or models to describe growth inhibitory effects of different plant extracts when they are used in com.ination. The results identified tannic acid as the most significant inhibitor in this group and had synergistic effects with EGCG at specific concentrations. The fitted model of their com.ined effects showed that the most potent com.ination is at low concentrations of tannic acid (10 - 20 μm) and high concentrations of EGCG (80 - 100 μm). We further showed that tannic acid induced both growth inhibition and apoptosis in K562 cells in ranges between 10 - 100 μm. The polyphenol caused cell cycle arrest at G2- phase under the higher concentrations. in summary, use of DoE techniques effectively identified the most prominent inducer in this group of plant bioactive compounds and produced com.inatorial bioactivity of various polyphenols and flavonoids over the entire range of concentrations under study. This study exemplifies the usefulness of DoE and serves as a guide in its utility for in vitro assessment of bioactivity in plant constituents.

关键词： Growth inhibition Apoptosis Factorial Design Polyphenols Flavonoids Synergistic Effects

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Asymptomatic Hepadnaviral Persistence and its Consequences in the Woodchuck model of Occult Hepatitis B Virus infection

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2015年第3期3卷 211-219页

作者： Patricia m.mulrooney-Cousins Tomasz i.michalak molecular Virology and Hepatology Research Group Faculty of Medicine Health Sciences Centre Memorial University St.John's NL Canada

Woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) is molecularly and pathogenically closely related to hepatitis B virus (HBV).Both viruses display tropism towards hepatocytes and cells of the immune system and cause similar liver pathology,where acute hepatitis can progress to chronic hepatitis and to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Two forms of occult hepadnaviral persistence were identified in the woodchuck-WHV model:secondary occult infection (soi) and primary occult infection (POi).soi occurs after resolution of a serologically apparent infection with hepatitis or after subclinical serologically evident virus *** is caused by small amounts of virus and progresses without serological infection markers,but the virus genome and its replication are detectable in the immune system and with time in the *** can be accompanied by minimal hepatitis,while the hallmark of POi is normal liver ***,HCC develops in about 20% of animals with soi or POi within 3 to 5 *** virus persists throughout the lifespan in both soi and POi at serum levels rarely greater than 100 copies/mL,causes hepatitis and HCC when concentrated and administered to virus-na(i)ve *** is accompanied by virusspecific T and B cell immune responses,while only virusspecific T cells are detected in *** coincides with protection against reinfection,while POi does not and hepatitis develops after challenge with liver pathogenic doses >1000 *** soi and POi are associated with virus DNA integration into the liver and the immune system ***,soi and POi are two distinct forms of silent hepadnaviral persistence that share common ***,we review findings from the woodchuck model and discuss the relevant observations made in human occult HBV infection (OBi).

关键词： Hepatitis B Occult hepatitis B virus infection Woodchuck model of hepatitis B Woodchuck hepatitis virus Secondary occult infection Primary occult infection Consequences of occult hepadnaviral infection Hepatocellular carcinoma

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