检索结果-南通市图书馆

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第4期20卷 464-469页

作者： chu xiaoqiang fang hua pan xuedong wang xiao shan min feng bo yu yunlong Department of Plant Protection College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China

In practice, pesticides are usually applied simultaneously or one after another for crop protection, and this type of pesticide application often leads to a combined contamination of pesticide residues in the soil environment. A laboratory study was conducted to investigate the influence of chlorothalonil on chlorpyrifos degradation and its effects on soil bacterial, fungal, and actinomycete populations. Under the experimental conditions here, the half-lives of chlorpyrifos alone, and in combination with chlorothalonil, at the recommended and double dosages, were measured to be 3.24, 2.77, and 2.63 d, respectively. Chlorpyrifos degradation was not significantly altered by its combination with chlorothalonil. However, the inhibitory effect of chlorpyrifos on soil microorganisms was increased by its combination with chlorothalonil, and the increase was related to the levels of chlorothalonil added. Compared to those in the controls, the populations of bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes were significantly reduced by 44.1%, 61.1%, and 72.8%, respectively, on the first day after treatment （DAT） by chlorpyrifos alone. With the addition of chlorothalonil, the inhibition was increased to 55.2%, 79.3%, and 85,8% at the recommended dosage, and 86.0%, 94.1%, and 90.8% at the double dosage, at one DAT, respectively. The results suggested that combined effects should be taken into account to assess the actual impacts of pesticide applications.

关键词： pesticide soil microorganism chlorpyrifos chlorothalonil combination

CEPC Technical Design Report

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2024年第1期8卷 I0003-I0016,1-1091页

作者： Waleed Abdallah Tiago Carlos Adorno de Freitas Konstantin Afanaciev Shakeel Ahmad Ijaz Ahmed xiaocong Ai Abid Aleem Wolfgang Altmannshofer Fabio Alves Weiming An Rui An Daniele Paolo Anderle Stefan Antusch Yasuo Arai Andrej Arbuzov Abdesslam Arhrib Mustafa Ashry Sha Bai yu Bai Yang Bai Vipul Bairathi Csaba Balazs Philip Bambade Yong Ban Tripamo Bandyopadhyay Shou-shan Bao Desmond P.Barber Ayse Bat Varvara Batozskaya Subash Chandra Behera Alexander Belyaev Michele Bertucci xiao-Jun Bi yuanjie Bi Tianjian Bian Fabrizio Bianchi Thomas Biekotter Michela Biglietti Shalva Bilanishvili Deng Binglin Denis bodrov Anton bogomyagkov Serge bondarenko Stewart boogert Maarten boonekamp Marcello borri Angelo bosotti Vincent boudry Mohammed boukidi Igor boyko Ivanka bozovic Giuseppe bozzi Jean-Claude Brient Anastasiia Budzinskaya Masroor Bukhari Vladimir Bytev Giacomo Cacciapaglia hua Cai Wenyong Cai Wujun Cai Yijian Cai Yizhou Cai yuchen Cai Haiying Cai huacheng Cai Lorenzo Calibbi Junsong Cang Guofu Cao Jianshe Cao Antoine Chance Xuejun Chang yue Chang Zhe Chang Xinyuan Chang Wei Chao Auttakit Chatrabhuti Yimin Che yuzhi Che Bin Chen Danping Chen Fuqing Chen Fusan Chen Gang Chen Guoming Chen hua-Xing Chen Huirun Chen Jinhui Chen Ji-yuan Chen Kai Chen Mali Chen mingjun Chen mingshui Chen Ning Chen shanhong Chen shanzhen Chen Shao-Long Chen Shaomin Chen Shiqiang Chen Tianlu Chen Wei Chen Xiang Chen xiaoyu Chen Xin Chen Xun Chen Xurong Chen Ye Chen Ying Chen yukai Chen Zelin Chen Zilin Chen Gang Chen boping Chen chunhui Chen Hok chuen Cheng huajie Cheng shan Cheng Tongguang Cheng yunlong Chi Pietro Chimenti Wen Han Chiu Guk Cho ming-chung chu xiaotong chu Ziliang chu Guglielmo Coloretti Andreas Crivellin Hanhua Cui xiaohao Cui Zhaoyuan Cui Brunella D'Anzi Ling-yun Dai Xinchen Dai Xuwen Dai Antonio De Maria Nicola De Filippis Christophe De La Taille Francesca De Mori Chiara De Sio Elisa Del Core Shuangxue Deng Wei-Tian Deng Zhi Deng Ziyan Deng Bhupal Dev Tang Dewen Biagio Di Micco Ran Ding Siqin Dingl Yadong Ding Haiyi Dong Jianin AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer ScienceKrakow Anhui University HefeiAnhui Applied Physics Department Federal Urdu University of ArtsScience and TechnologyIslamabad Banaras Hindu University Institute of ScienceVaranasi Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University Bandirma Beihang University Beijing Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing Beijing Conveyi LTD Beijing Beijing Glass Research Institute Co. LtdBeijing Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing Beijing Normal University Beijing Brown University ProvidenceRI Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics Novosibirsk Cadi Ayyad University Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied PhysicsPolydisciplinary FacultyMarrakech Cairo University Giza Center for Theory and Computation National Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu Central China Normal University WuhanHubei Central South University ChangshaHunan Centro de Fisica Teorica de Particulas Universidade Tecnica de LisboaLisboa Chengdu KaitengSifang Digital Radio&TV Equipment Co. LtdChengduSichuan China academy of engineering physics MianyangSichuan China building materials academy Beijing China Center of Advanced Science and Technology Beijing China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing China Jiliang University HangzhouZhejiang China Nuclear Instrument CO. LTDBeijing China University of Geosciences Beijing China University of Geosciences WuhanHubei China University of mining and Technology XuzhouJiangsu China West Normal University NanchongSichuan Chongqing University Department of PhysicsChongqing chulalongkorn University Bangkok City University of Hong Kong Department of PhysicsHong Kong Cockcroft Institute Daresbury Cornell University IthacaNY CPPM(AMU/IPhU&CNRS/INP) Marseille Dalian minzu University DalianLiaoning Dalian University of Technology Department of PhysicsDalian Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Hamburg Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems of Joint Institute for Nuclear Research(DLNP JINR) Dubna East China University Of Science And Technol

The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international *** complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs *** its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs *** the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of *** Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering ***,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection *** is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 *** commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.

关键词： initiated exceeding precise

Feasibility and physics potential of detecting ^(8)B solar neutrinos at JUNO

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Chinese Physics C 2021年第2期45卷 93-110页

作者： Angel Abusleme Thomas Adam Shakeel Ahmad Sebastiano Aiello Muhammad Akram Nawab Ali fengpeng An Guangpeng An Qi An Giuseppe Andronico Nikolay Anfimov Vito Antonelli Tatiana Antoshkina Burin Asavapibhop João Pedro Athayde Marcondes de André Didier Auguste Andrej Babic Wander Baldini Andrea Barresi Eric Baussan Marco Bellato Antonio Bergnoli Enrico Bernieri David Biare Thilo Birkenfeld Sylvie Blin David Blum Simon Blyth Anastasia bolshakova Mathieu bongrand Clément bordereau Dominique Breton Augusto Brigatti Riccardo Brugnera Riccardo Bruno Antonio Budano Max Buesken Mario Buscemi Jose Busto Ilya Butorov Anatael Cabrera Hao Cai xiao Cai Yanke Cai Zhiyan Cai Antonio Cammi Agustin Campeny chuanya Cao Guofu Cao Jun Cao Rossella Caruso Cédric Cerna Jinfan Chang yun Chang Pingping Chen Po-An Chen Shaomin Chen Shenjian Chen Xurong Chen Yi-Wen Chen Yixue Chen yu Chen Zhang Chen Jie Cheng Yaping Cheng Alexander Chepurnov Davide Chiesa Pietro Chimenti Artem chukanov Anna chuvashova Gérard Claverie Catia Clementi Barbara Clerbaux Selma Conforti Di Lorenzo Daniele Corti Salvatore Costa Flavio Dal Corso Christophe De La Taille Jiawei Deng Zhi Deng Ziyan Deng Wilfried Depnering Marco Diaz Xuefeng Ding Yayun Ding Bayu Dirgantara Sergey Dmitrievsky Tadeas Dohnal Georgy Donchenko Jianmeng Dong Damien Dornic Evgeny Doroshkevich Marcos Dracos Frédéric Druillole Shuxian Du Stefano Dusini Martin Dvorak Timo Enqvist Heike Enzmann Andrea Fabbri Lukas Fajt Donghua Fan Lei Fan Can fang Jian fang Marco Fargetta Anna Fatkina Dmitry Fedoseev Vladko Fekete Li-Cheng feng Qichun feng Richard Ford Andrey Formozov Amélie Fournier Haonan Gan feng Gao Alberto Garfagnini Alexandre Göttel Christoph Genster Marco Giammarchi Agnese Giaz Nunzio Giudice Franco Giuliani Maxim Gonchar Guanghua Gong Hui Gong Oleg Gorchakov yuri Gornushkin Marco Grassi Christian Grewing Maxim Gromov Vasily Gromov minghao Gu xiaofei Gu yu Gu Mengyun Guan Nunzio Guardone Maria Gul Cong Guo Jingyuan Guo Wanlei Guo Xinheng Guo yuhang Guo Paul Hackspacher Caren Hagner Ran Han Yan Yerevan Physics Institute YerevanArmenia UniversitéLibre de Bruxelles BrusselsBelgium Universidade Estadual de Londrina LondrinaBrazil Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro RioBrazil Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile SantiagoChile Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa Maria ValparaisoChile Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering BeijingChina Beijing Normal University BeijingChina China Institute of Atomic Energy BeijingChina Institute of High Energy Physics BeijingChina North China Electric Power University BeijingChina School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijingChina Tsinghua University BeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Jilin University ChangchunChina College of Electronic Science and Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangshaChina Chongqing University ChongqingChina Dongguan University of Technology DongguanChina Jinan University GuangzhouChina Sun Yat-Sen University GuangzhouChina Harbin Institute of Technology HarbinChina University of Science and Technology of China HefeiChina The Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry Group in University of South China HengyangChina Wuyi University JiangmenChina shandong University JinanChina Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina Nanjing University NanjingChina Guangxi University NanningChina East China University of Science and Technology ShanghaiChina School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesShijiazhuangChina Nankai University TianjinChina Wuhan University WuhanChina Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’anChina Xiamen University XiamenChina School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Institute of Physics National Chiao-Tung University Hsinchu National United University Miao-Li Department of Physics National T

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory(JUNO)features a 20 kt multi-purpose underground liquid scintillator sphere as its main *** of JUNO's features make it an excellent location for^8B solar neutrino measurements,such as its low-energy threshold,high energy resolution compared with water Cherenkov detectors,and much larger target mass compared with previous liquid scintillator *** this paper,we present a comprehensive assessment of JUNO's potential for detecting^8B solar neutrinos via the neutrino-electron elastic scattering process.A reduced 2 MeV threshold for the recoil electron energy is found to be achievable,assuming that the intrinsic radioactive background^(238)U and^(232)Th in the liquid scintillator can be controlled to 10^(-17)g/*** ten years of data acquisition,approximately 60,000 signal and 30,000 background events are *** large sample will enable an examination of the distortion of the recoil electron spectrum that is dominated by the neutrino flavor transformation in the dense solar matter,which will shed new light on the inconsistency between the measured electron spectra and the predictions of the standard three-flavor neutrino oscillation *** m^(2)_(21)=4.8times10^(-5);(7.5times10^(-5))eV^(2),JUNO can provide evidence of neutrino oscillation in the Earth at approximately the 3sigma(2sigma)level by measuring the non-zero signal rate variation with respect to the solar zenith ***,JUNO can simultaneously measureDelta m^2_(21)using^8B solar neutrinos to a precision of 20% or better,depending on the central value,and to sub-percent precision using reactor antineutrinos.A comparison of these two measurements from the same detector will help understand the current mild inconsistency between the value of Delta m^2_(21)reported by solar neutrino experiments and the KamLAND experiment.

关键词： neutrino oscillation solar neutrino JUNO

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论“植物医学”学科与专业的建设

植物医生 2021年第3期34卷 1-6页

作者：刘同先丁伟沈佐锐杨忠岐许永玉李洪连原雪峰马德英文才艺董金皋刘芳邱宝利王源超张正光黄丽丽黄国华操海群潘月敏韩强黄金光刘会香刘怀侯有明王宗华刘长仲缪卫国刘国坤郭永霞罗朝喜梁广文曾玲李华平顾爱星左豫虎李向东张大羽吴元华段玉玺尹建潘洪玉钟国华张跃进赵中华陈根强林晓民张友军万方浩高希武李世东褚栋赵洪海梁文星王森山张世泽李俊凯谭辉华王文明周洪友赵思峰王兰芦光新崔汝强李会平尚巧霞赵晓燕青岛农业大学植物医学学院山东青岛266109 西南大学植物保护学院重庆400715 中国农业大学植物保护学院北京100193 中国林业科学院北京100091 山东农业大学植物保护学院山东泰安271001 河南农业大学植物保护学院郑州450002 新疆农业大学农学院乌鲁木齐830052 河北农业大学植物保护学院河北保定071001 扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院江苏扬州225009 华南农业大学植物保护学院广州510642 南京农业大学植物保护学院南京210014 西北农林科技大学植物保护学院陕西杨凌712100 湖南农业大学植物保护学院长沙410128 安徽农业大学植物保护学院合肥230036 福建农林大学植物保护学院福州350002 甘肃农业大学植物保护学院兰州730070 海南大学植物保护学院海口570228 黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院黑龙江大庆163319 华中农业大学植物科技学院武汉430070 浙江农林大学农学院杭州311300 沈阳农业大学植物保护学院沈阳110161 信阳农林学院农学院河南信阳464006 吉林大学植物科技学院长春130012 全国农业技术推广服务中心北京100026 河南科技大学园艺与植保学院河南洛阳471023 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所北京100081 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所北京100193 长江大学农学院湖北荆州434020 广西大学农学院南宁530004 四川农业大学农学院四川雅安625014 内蒙古农业大学园艺与植保学院呼和浩特010018 石河子大学农学院新疆石河子832003 塔里木大学植物科学学院新疆阿拉尔843300 青海大学农牧学院西宁810016 江西农业大学农学院南昌330045 河北农业大学林学院河北保定071001 北京农学院生物与资源环境学院北京102206

1952年以前我国涉农高校设有植物病理学、昆虫学学科与专业,没有“植物保护”这一名称.在1952年全国高校院系调整时,因学习和借鉴原苏联的教育体系而引入并设立“植物保护”学科与专业.目前我国至少有62所高校设有“植物保护”学科和本... 详细信息

1952年以前我国涉农高校设有植物病理学、昆虫学学科与专业,没有“植物保护”这一名称.在1952年全国高校院系调整时,因学习和借鉴原苏联的教育体系而引入并设立“植物保护”学科与专业.目前我国至少有62所高校设有“植物保护”学科和本、专科专业.无论从专业名称、专业侧重或专业理念上看,“植物保护”都远远不能满足新农科背景下学科专业建设和高素质人才培养及“三农”发展的需求.在原植物保护学科的基础上,升级建设“植物医学”学科,与人医学、兽医学一起构建人类健康和食物安全的三大支柱和生态命运共同体是新时期赋予医学人员的使命.“植物医学”名称自明,理念新颖;基础植物医学探讨植物与害源的关系;实用植物医学倡导以植物健康为核心的“治未病”.本文通过分析我国高校植物保护学科与专业发展中存在的问题,呼吁在原“植物保护”学科与专业的基础上,建立“植物医学”一级学科与相关专业,逐步完善科学的高素质植物医学人才培养体系,建设新农科和深入贯彻落实习近平总书记给全国涉农高校书记校长和专家代表重要回信精神,以新农科建设为统领,推进高等农林教育创新发展,培养出更多学农、知农、爱农的新型人才.

关键词：植物医学植物保护学科发展新农科

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2023年CHINET中国细菌耐药监测

中国感染与化疗杂志 2024年第6期24卷 627-637页

作者：郭燕胡付品朱德妹汪复蒋晓飞徐英春张小江张峰波季萍谢轶肖玉玲王传清付盼徐元宏黄颖孙自镛陈中举孙景勇陈庆褚云卓田素飞胡志东李金俞云松林洁单斌许云敏郭素芳王艳艳魏莲花李可可张泓潘芬胡云建艾效曼卓超苏丹虹郭大文赵金英喻华黄湘宁刘文恩李艳明金炎邵春红徐雪松李威王山梅楚亚菲张利侠马娟周树平周艳朱镭孟晋华董方吕志勇胡芳芳沈瀚周万青贾伟李刚吴劲松卢月梅李继红孙倩段金菊康建邦马晓波郑燕青郭如意朱焱陈运生孟青王世富胡雪飞房华张鹏辉俞碧霞龚萍史海霞温开镇张贻荣杨秀丽赵义琴廖龙凤吴金华顾洪芹姜琳户梅芳贺雯冯佼游灵玲王冬梅王东娥刘彦彦安勇黄文辉李娟石泉贵杨娟热孜瓦古丽·阿不力米提黄莉莉邵雪君任晓艳李冬张群陈雪黎日海徐洁丽高凯杰徐璐林琳张卓刘健龙付敏郭映辉张文超王增国贾凯夏云孙珊杨慧敏苗艳王建平周明明张诗海刘红娟陈楠李婵寇存山薛顺虹沈继录门万琪王鹏张晓威曾晓艳李雯耿燕刘泽世复旦大学附属华山医院抗生素研究所国家卫健委抗生素临床药理重点实验室上海200040 复旦大学附属华山医院检验科上海200040 北京协和医院新疆医科大学第一附属医院四川大学华西医院复旦大学附属儿科医院安徽医科大学第一附属医院华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院中国医科大学附属第一医院天津医科大学总医院浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院昆明医科大学第一附属医院内蒙古医科大学附属医院甘肃省人民医院上海交通大学医学院附属儿童医院北京医院广州医科大学附属第一医院哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院四川省人民医院中南大学湘雅医院山东省立医院吉林大学中日联谊医院河南省人民医院陕西省人民医院江西省儿童医院山西省儿童医院首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院贵州省人民医院南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院宁夏医科大学总医院深圳市人民医院河北医科大学第二医院山西医科大学第二医院厦门大学附属第一医院福建省泉州市第一医院深圳市儿童医院山东大学齐鲁儿童医院南昌大学第一附属医院上海市浦东新区人民医院浙江省宁波市镇海龙赛医院湖北省秭归县人民医院福建省晋江市医院甘肃省金昌市中西医结合医院江西省赣县区人民医院山东省广饶县人民医院河南省辉县市人民医院辽宁省营口市经济技术开发区中心医院四川省邻水县人民医院吉林省九台区人民医院河北省邢台市第九医院(巨鹿县医院) 青海大学附属医院西藏军区总医院乌鲁木齐市第一人民医院(乌鲁木齐儿童医院) 苏州大学附属儿童医院云南省腾冲市人民医院重庆医科大学附属儿童医院广西桂平市人民医院河南省儿童医院沈阳市儿童医院湖南省儿童医院河北省儿童医院西安市儿童医院重庆医科大学附属第一医院陕西省神木市医院山西运城市稷山县人民医院浙江省儿童医院安徽省儿童医院天津市儿童医院青海省互助县人民医院安徽医科大学第四附属医院长春市儿童医院西安交通大学第一附属医院西安交通大学第二附属医院

目的监测2023年国内主要地区医疗机构临床分离菌对抗菌药物的敏感性。方法国内73所医院临床分离菌采用纸片扩散法或商品化药敏试验自动测试仪按CHINET统一监测技术方案进行抗菌药物敏感性试验。按2023年美国临床和实验室标准化协会(CL... 详细信息

目的监测2023年国内主要地区医疗机构临床分离菌对抗菌药物的敏感性。方法国内73所医院临床分离菌采用纸片扩散法或商品化药敏试验自动测试仪按CHINET统一监测技术方案进行抗菌药物敏感性试验。按2023年美国临床和实验室标准化协会(CLSI)折点标准判断。结果 2023年1-12月73所医院共监测临床分离菌445 199株,其中革兰阳性菌占29.0%,革兰阴性菌占71.0%。金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌和其他凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(除假中间葡萄球菌和施氏葡萄球菌外)中甲氧西林耐药株MRSA、MRSE和MRCNS的检出率分别为29.6%、81.9%和78.5%。甲氧西林耐药株对绝大多数抗菌药物的耐药率均显著高于甲氧西林敏感株(MSSA、MSSE和MSCNS)。MRSA中有92.9%的菌株对甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲噁唑敏感;MRSE中有91.4%的菌株对利福平敏感;未发现万古霉素耐药株。肠球菌属中粪肠球菌对多数测试抗菌药物的耐药率均显著低于屎肠球菌,两者中均有少数万古霉素耐药株。儿童和成人患者分离的非脑膜炎肺炎链球菌中青霉素敏感株的检出率分别为93.1%和95.9%。除克雷伯菌属细菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南的耐药率分别为22.5%、23.6%外,其他细菌的耐药率多在15.0%以下。除天然耐药菌株外,其他肠杆菌目细菌对替加环素、黏菌素和多黏菌素B高度敏感,耐药率范围为0.6%~10.0%。铜绿假单胞菌对亚胺培南和美罗培南的耐药率分别为21.9%和17.4%,不动杆菌属对两药的耐药率分别高达67.5%和68.1%。结论临床分离菌对常见抗菌药物的耐药率虽仍呈增长趋势,但肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌等多种重要的碳青霉烯类耐药株检出率则呈锯齿形上升,提示继续加强细菌耐药监测,开展多学科联动的方式为应对抗微生物药物耐药性及防止细菌耐药性的发生发展提供重要保证。

关键词：细菌耐药监测药物敏感性试验碳青霉烯类耐药革兰阴性杆菌