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Discussion of rupture mechanisms on the seismogenic fault of the 2008 M_s8.0 Wenchuan earthquake

Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第11期54卷 1360-1377页

作者： DENG QiDong chen guihua ZHU AiLan National Center for Active Fault Studies Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beifing 100029 China Earthquake Administration of Shanghai Municipality Shanghai 200062 China

The May 12, 2008, Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake was the outcome of a recent movement of an active intra-continental thrust fault zone. The seismogenic fault of this earthquake underwent oblique-slip faulting along the central fault and pure thrust faulting along the range-front fault of the Longmenshan fault zone. The former had a steep dip and large vertical displacement, and the latter had a gentle dip and little vertical displacement. The fault zone consisted of compressive double fault ramps rup turing with right-lateral strike-slip components resulting from strain partitioning of a deep oblique slip fault in the brittle zone of the upper crust. The kinematic pattern and rupture mechanisms are complex for the seismogenic fault, as indicated by the geometric pattern of its surface ruptures, the coseismic displacement distribution and focal mechanisms of the main shock and aftershocks. As a tear fault, the NW-trending, left-lateral, strike-slip Xiaoyudong fault zone has accommodated NE-trending displacements with different shortening amounts. However, because of intense compression on the southwestern segment of the seismogenic fault, the left-lateral, strike-slip Xiaoyudong fault also carries a clear compression component. Normal faulting with a strike-slip component controls the formation of a fault-trough along the central fault, which is characterized by thrusting with a strike-slip component and strike-slip with thrusting. The fault-troughs are the product of the interaction of slip and grav ity on the seismogenic fault under specific geological and geomorphic conditions. Gravitational force exaggerated the vertical component of fault displacement, which by no means represents the actual maximum vertical displacement of the seismogenic fault.

关键词： Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake seismogenic fault rupture mechanism gravitation tear fault

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多年生黑麦草水浸提液对结缕草化感作用研究

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中国草地学报 2024年第7期46卷 18-26页

作者：刘蕾乔国兰徐倩向佐湘陈桂华湖南农业大学农学院湖南长沙410218

为探究冷暖季草坪草的相互影响,本研究以多年生黑麦草的水浸提液为供体材料,‘兰引三号’结缕草为受体材料,通过观测多年生黑麦草水浸提液浓度对‘兰引三号’结缕草形态指标、生理指标和叶片解剖结构的影响,从化感作用角度探究‘兰引三... 详细信息

为探究冷暖季草坪草的相互影响,本研究以多年生黑麦草的水浸提液为供体材料,‘兰引三号’结缕草为受体材料,通过观测多年生黑麦草水浸提液浓度对‘兰引三号’结缕草形态指标、生理指标和叶片解剖结构的影响,从化感作用角度探究‘兰引三号’结缕草返青困难的原因。结果表明:多年生黑麦草水浸提液降低了‘兰引三号’结缕草的鲜重、分蘖数、根长和叶长等,提高了叶片长宽比;叶片的上下表皮角质层厚度、上下表皮细胞厚度、维管束直径、主侧脉直径和泡状细胞宽度降低;结缕草叶绿素含量降低,过氧化物酶活性、丙二醛含量及相对电导率显著提高。其中0.6和0.8 g/mL浓度处理的效果最显著,与对照相比,鲜重减少57.59%、根总长度减少75.51%、叶片长宽比增加53.62%、丙二醛含量增加80.50%、相对电导率最大增加77.93%、上表皮角质层厚度减少55.4%。综上,多年生黑麦草水浸提液对‘兰引三号’结缕草的生长有抑制作用,从而造成‘兰引三号’结缕草生长缓慢、春季返青困难甚至死亡。

关键词：多年生黑麦草水浸提液 ‘兰引三号’结缕草返青化感作用

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Discovery of the Longriba Fault Zone in Eastern Bayan Har Block, China and its tectonic implication

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第9期51卷 1209-1223页

作者： XU XiWei WEN XueZe chen guihua YU guihua Institute of Geology China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100029China Earthquake Administration of Sichuan Province Chengdu 610041China

Re-measured GPS data have recently revealed that a broad NE trending dextral shear zone exists in the eastern Bayan Har block about 200 km northwest of the Longmenshan thrust on the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The strain rate along this shear zone may reach up to 4-6 mm/a. Our interpretation of satellite images and field observations indicate that this dextral shear zone corresponds to a newly generated NE trending Longriba fault zone that has been ignored before. The northeast segment of the Longriba fault zone consists of two subparallel N54°±5°E trending branch faults about 30 km apart, and late Quaternary offset landforms are well developed along the strands of these two branch faults. The northern branch fault, the Longriqu fault, has relatively large reverse component, while the southern branch fault, the Maoergai fault, is a pure right-lateral strike slip fault. According to vector synthesizing principle, the average right-lateral strike slip rate along the Longriba fault zone in the late Quaternary is calculated to be 5.4±2.0 mm/a, the vertical slip rate to be 0.7 mm/a, and the rate of crustal shortening to be 0.55 mm/a. The discovery of the Longriba fault zone may provide a new insight into the tectonics and dynamics of the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Taken the Longriba fault zone as a boundary, the Bayan Har block is divided into two sub-blocks: the Ahba sub-block in the west and the Longmenshan sub-block in the east. The shortening and uplifting of the Longmenshan sub-block as a whole reflects that both the Longmenshan thrust and Longriba fault zone are subordinated to a back propagated nappe tectonic system that was formed during the southeastward motion of the Bayan Har block owing to intense resistance of the South China block. This nappe tectonic system has become a boundary tectonic type of an active block supporting crustal deformation along the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from late Cenozoic till now

关键词： Qinghai-Tibet Plateau active block newly-generated fault zone slip rate nappe tectonics

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Behavior of SiO_2 in the leaching process of alumina clinker with high concentration

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2008年第5期15卷 538-542页

作者： Bin chen Xiaobin Li guihua Liu School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha 410083 China

It is essential for alumina production by alkaline process to know the behavior of minerals containing Al and Si in basic solution,and the behavior of SiO2 in the process of clinker leaching is an important portion. To study the behavior of SiO2 in the process of high concentration clinker leaching,experiments were carried out in home-made reactors. The results indicate that factors,such as temperature,time,Al2O3 concentration,as well as SiO2 concentration,have profound impact on the SiO2 and Al2O3 concen-tration of pregnant liquor during the high concentration leaching. However,sodium carbonate and free caustic soda concentrations have no remarkable effect on it,thus they are the secondary factors compared with Al2O3 concentration. The concentration of SiO2 in the pregnant liquor could be reduced to a lower level when the major effect parameters of this process are controlled properly.

关键词： clinker leaching high concentration silica mechanism of secondary reaction

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Novel detection method for infrared small targets using weighted information entropy

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2012年第6期23卷 838-842页

作者： Xiujie Qu He chen guihua Peng School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China

This paper presents a method for detecting the small infrared target under complex background. An algorithm, named local mutation weighted information entropy （LMWIE）, is proposed to suppress background. Then, the grey value of targets is enhanced by calculating the local energy. Image segmentation based on the adaptive threshold is used to solve the problems that the grey value of noise is enhanced with the grey value improvement of targets. Experimental results show that compared with the adaptive Butterworth high-pass filter method, the proposed algorithm is more effective and faster for the infrared small target detection.

关键词： infrared small target detection local mutation weight-ed information entropy (LMWIE) grey value of target adaptivethreshold.

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慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者出院后运动行为特征及预测因素分析

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中华护理杂志 2024年第17期59卷 2084-2092页

作者：唐欢陈贵华李琴周锡鑫吴绣岑沈鹏华重庆医科大学附属第二医院呼吸与危重症医学科重庆市400010

目的了解慢性阻塞性肺疾病(简称“慢阻肺”)患者出院后运动行为阶段分布特征并分析其预测因素,为实施全程、连续的康复护理决策提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2022年2月—2023年2月于重庆市2所三级甲等医院呼吸内科或老年科住院治疗... 详细信息

目的了解慢性阻塞性肺疾病(简称“慢阻肺”)患者出院后运动行为阶段分布特征并分析其预测因素,为实施全程、连续的康复护理决策提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2022年2月—2023年2月于重庆市2所三级甲等医院呼吸内科或老年科住院治疗的380例慢阻肺患者为调查对象,跟踪随访至出院后6个月。采用自行设计的一般及疾病相关资料调查表、运动阶段变化量表、锻炼益处/障碍量表、慢阻肺患者运动自我调控效能量表、社会支持评定量表、医院焦虑抑郁量表进行问卷调查。采用单因素分析及有序多分类Logistic回归分析慢阻肺患者出院后的运动行为特征及预测因素。结果纳入的380例慢阻肺患者出院后运动行为处于前意向阶段者53例(14.0%),意向阶段者97例(25.5%),准备阶段者103例(27.1%),行动阶段者75例(19.7%),维持阶段者52例(13.7%)。年龄、家庭月收入、日常家务、睡眠、运动习惯、本次住院康复史、近一年急性发作次数、居家氧疗、规律使用呼吸系统疾病药物、呼吸困难程度、感知锻炼益处/障碍、社会支持、抑郁是慢阻肺患者出院后运动行为阶段分布的主要预测因素。结论大部分慢阻肺患者出院后未养成规律的运动行为习惯,且其运动行为水平受个体特征、疾病因素、决策平衡、社会支持及心理等影响,提示医护人员应根据患者所处的行为阶段特点制订个性化的早期运动干预,增加干预的远期效果。

关键词：肺疾病慢性阻塞性运动行为行为分阶段转变理论预测因素护理

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Privileged strategies for direct transformations of inert aliphatic C–H bonds

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National Science Review 2014年第2期1卷 172-175页

作者： guihua chen Zhang-Jie Shi College of Chemistry and Green Chemistry Center Peking University

Functional group transformations are central to organic ***,the functionalities used in such transformations are highly active organic groups such as halogens,ester groups and hydroxyl ***–hydrogen bonds are ubiquitous structural motifs in organic compounds,but they are not considered to be functionalgroups because(1)in general,the bond dissociation energy of a C–H bond is high,and therefore,such bonds

关键词： H bonds Privileged strategies for direct transformations of inert aliphatic C

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Late Quaternary Slip-rates and Slip Partitioning on the Southeastern Xianshuihe Fault System, Eastern Tibetan Plateau

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第2期90卷 537-554页

作者： chen guihua XU Xiwei WEN Xueze chen Yue-Gau Key Laboratory of Active Tectonics and Volcano Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing 100029 China Earthquake Administration of Sichuan Province Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China Department of Geosciences National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan China

Quantitative analysis of the kinematics of the active faults distributed around the QinghaiTibetan Plateau is critical to understand current tectonic processes of the plateau. Chronological analysis, based on the comparison among regional climate and geomorphology, digital photogrammetry, offset landforms, and the tectonics were adopted in this study on the Xianshuihe fault in the eastern Tibetan plateau. Two or more offset-age data were obtained for each segment of the Xianshuihe and theYunongxi faults. The offset landforms, including river terrace, alluvial fan and glacial moraine, provide constraints for the late Quaternary slip rate of the Xianshuihe fault. The left-lateral strike slip rate of the Xianshuihe fault decreases from 17 mm/a on the northwest segment to 9.3 mm/a on the southeast segment. Regarding the Xianshuihe fault zone and its adjacent blocks as a regional tectonic system, vector analysis was used to quantitatively analyze the longitudinal kinematical transformation and transversal slip partitioning on the fault zone in terms of the kinematical parameters of the main faults within the zone. The results show that there is a distributed vertical uplift at a rate of 6.1 mm/yr caused by shortening across the Gongga Mountains region. Based on these results, we established a model of the slip partitioning for the southeastern segment of the Xianshuihe fault zone.

关键词： slip partitioning kinematical transformation tectonic morphology Xianshuihe fault Gongga Mountains

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肿瘤患者化疗相关认知障碍影响因素的范围综述

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中华现代护理杂志 2024年第22期30卷 3052-3057页

作者：吴绣岑陈贵华李琴唐欢重庆医科大学附属第二医院呼吸内科重庆400010 重庆医科大学附属第二医院护理部重庆400010

目的对肿瘤患者化疗相关认知障碍的评估工具、影响因素进行范围综述,为制定个性化的干预方法提供思路。方法以澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所(JBI)提出的范围综述指南为方法学指导,检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普网、中国生物医学文献... 详细信息

目的对肿瘤患者化疗相关认知障碍的评估工具、影响因素进行范围综述,为制定个性化的干预方法提供思路。方法以澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所(JBI)提出的范围综述指南为方法学指导,检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普网、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、CINAHL、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science数据库的横断面研究、队列研究或病例对照研究,检索时限为建库至2023年7月,检索有关肿瘤患者化疗相关认知障碍影响因素的相关文献,对纳入文献进行数据提取、收集、总结并报告研究结果。结果共纳入14篇文献,肿瘤患者化疗相关认知障碍的影响因素包括年龄、性别、疲乏水平、焦虑抑郁、营养状况、受教育程度、化疗次数、运动锻炼等。结论肿瘤患者化疗相关认知功能障碍问题普遍存在,受诸多复杂因素影响,医护人员可针对这些影响因素开发肿瘤患者化疗相关认知障碍的风险筛查表,及时对筛查出的有认知障碍风险的肿瘤患者实施精准化的预防诊疗方案,进一步改善肿瘤患者的后期生存质量,提高自我效能感。

关键词：综述肿瘤化疗相关认知损害研究现况评估工具影响因素分析

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水稻秸秆与园林基质混配用作无土草毯生产技术研究

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作物研究 2024年第2期38卷 117-124页

作者：黄思怡向佐湘覃韦玮陈桂华湖南农业大学农学院湖南长沙410128

为了筛选适宜的无土草毯基质配方,降低无土草毯生产成本,以水稻秸秆与园林基质为材料,将其按不同的比例混合,并添加2种不同来源的菌剂进行有氧发酵,配制成不同的基质处理,对不同混配基质的理化性状、植物毒性和种植草毯的坪用性状等指... 详细信息

为了筛选适宜的无土草毯基质配方,降低无土草毯生产成本,以水稻秸秆与园林基质为材料,将其按不同的比例混合,并添加2种不同来源的菌剂进行有氧发酵,配制成不同的基质处理,对不同混配基质的理化性状、植物毒性和种植草毯的坪用性状等指标进行比较分析。结果表明:添加北京金宝贝菌剂进行发酵且水稻秸秆与园林基质体积比为6∶4的处理基质物理性状较理想,有机质含量显著高于其他处理,且其养分含量较均衡,重金属含量符合NY/T 525-2021有机肥标准要求,其所建植的草毯坪用性状显著高于其他处理。在本试验条件下,该配方基质比较适合用于无土草毯栽培。

关键词：无土草毯水稻秸秆资源化利用栽培基质结缕草

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