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Untrained neural network for linear tomographic absorption spectroscopy

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 2787-2796页

作者： chen JingRuo Xu ShiJie Liu HeCong Huang JianQing Liu YingZheng cai WeiWei Key Lab of Education Ministry for Power Machinery and Engineering School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China EMPI Institute for Energy and Materials Processes Reactive FluidsUniversity of Duisburg-EssenDuisburg 47048Germany Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina

Linear tomographic absorption spectroscopy(LTAS) is a non-destructive diagnostic technique widely employed for gas *** inverse problem of LTAS represents a classic example of an ill-posed problem. Linear iterative algorithms are commonly employed to address such problems, yielding generally poor reconstruction results due to the incapability to incorporate suitable prior conditions within the reconstruction process. Data-driven deep neural networks(DNN) have shown the potential to yield superior reconstruction results;however, they demand a substantial amount of measurement data that is challenging to *** surmount this limitation, we proposed an untrained neural network(UNN) to tackle the inverse problem of LTAS. In conjunction with an early-stopping method based on running variance, UNN achieves improved reconstruction accuracy without supplementary training data. Numerical studies are conducted to explore the optimal network architecture of UNN and to assess the reliability of the early-stopping method. A comparison between UNN and superiorized ART(SUP-ART) substantiates the exceptional performance of UNN.

关键词： absorption spectroscopy linear tomography untrained neural networks combustion diagnostics

Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene/carbon composites for advanced supercapacitors:Synthesis,progress,and perspectives

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Carbon Energy 2024年第2期6卷 113-142页

作者： Yanqing cai Xinggang chen Ying Xu Yalin Zhang Huijun Liu Hongjuan Zhang Jing Tang College of Materials Science and Engineering North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshanChina Hebei Iron and Steel Laboratory North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshanChina Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory DongguanChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering(SKLPMPE) Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co.Ltd.BeijingChina Institute of Eco-Chongming ShanghaiChina

MXenes are a family of two-dimensional(2D)layered transition metal carbides/nitrides that show promising potential for energy storage applications due to their high-specific surface areas,excellent electron conductivity,good hydrophilicity,and tunable *** various types of MXenes,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) is the most widely studied for use in capacitive energy storage applications,especially in supercapacitors(SCs).However,the stacking and oxidation of MXene sheets inevitably lead to a significant loss of electrochemically active *** overcome such challenges,carbon materials are frequently incorporated into MXenes to enhance their electrochemical *** review introduces the common strategies used for synthesizing Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),followed by a comprehensive overview of recent developments in Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)/carbon composites as electrode materials for ***_(3)C_(2)T_(x)/carbon composites are categorized based on the dimensions of carbons,including 0D carbon dots,1D carbon nanotubes and fibers,2D graphene,and 3D carbon materials(activated carbon,polymer-derived carbon,etc.).Finally,this review also provides a perspective on developing novel MXenes/carbon composites as electrodes for application in SCs.

关键词： electrochemical performance MXene/carbon composites supercapacitors

Performance enhancement and active sites identification of Cu-Cd bimetallic oxide derived catalysts for electrochemical CO_(2) reduction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 50-58页

作者： cai Wang Xin Hu Bairong chen Houan Ren Xiaoyu Wang Yilin Zhang Xinyu chen Yuping Liu Qingxin Guan Wei Li State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Key Laboratory of Adv.Energy Mater.Chemistry(Ministry of Education)College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

The development of earth-abundant electrocatalysts with high performance for electrochemical CO_(2)reduction(ECR)is of great ***-based catalysts have been widely investigated for ECR due to their unique ability to generate various carbonaceous products,but directing selectivity toward one certain product and identifying the real active sites during ECR are still full of ***,after the incorporation of CdO into CuO,the Cu_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)-O catalyst achieves a 10.3-fold enhancement for CO selectivity in comparison with CuO,and a CO faradic efficiency nearly 90%with a current density around20 mA cm^(-2)could maintain at least 60 ***,a wide CO/H_(2)ratio(0.07-10)is reached on Cu_(x)Cd_(1-x)-O catalysts by varying the Cu/Cd ratio,demonstrating the potential of syngas production using such *** results of ex situ XRD,XPS,and in situ Raman reveal that the real active sites of Cu_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)-O catalysts for CO production during ECR reaction are the reconstructed mixed phases of CuCd alloy and CdCO_(3).In situ FTIR and theoretical calculations further implicate the presence of Cd related species promotes the CO desorption and inhibits the H_(2)evolution,thus leading to an enhanced CO generation.

关键词： CO_(2)reduction Cu-Cd bimetallic Real active sites CO production

Target Detection Algorithm in Foggy Scenes Based on Dual Subnets

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 1915-1931页

作者： Yuecheng Yu Liming cai Anqi Ning Jinlong Shi Xudong chen Shixin Huang School of Computer Science Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang212100China Information Department China Merchants Heavy IndustryNantong226116China

Under the influence of air humidity,dust,aerosols,etc.,in real scenes,haze presents an uneven *** this way,the image quality and contrast will *** this case,It is difficult to detect the target in the image by the universal detection ***,a dual subnet based on multi-task collaborative training(DSMCT)is proposed in this ***,in the training phase,the Gated Context Aggregation Network(GCANet)is used as the supervisory network of YOLOX to promote the extraction of clean information in foggy *** the test phase,only the YOLOX branch needs to be activated to ensure the detection speed of the ***,the deformable convolution module is used to improve GCANet to enhance the model’s ability to capture details of non-homogeneous ***,the Coordinate Attention mechanism is introduced into the Vision Transformer and the backbone network of YOLOX is *** this way,the feature extraction ability of the network for deep-level information can be *** experimental results on artificial fog data set FOG_VOC and real fog data set RTTS show that the map value of DSMCT reached 86.56%and 62.39%,respectively,which was 2.27%and 4.41%higher than the current most advanced detection *** DSMCT network has high practicality and effectiveness for target detection in real foggy scenes.

关键词： Target detection fog target detection YOLOX twin network multi-task learning

Potential risks of organic contaminated soil after persulfate remediation:Harmful gaseous sulfur release

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 1-9页

作者： Yuyang Long Zixiao Wu Xiaodong Ding Jiansong chen Dongsheng Shen Jiali Shentu cai Hui Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste RecyclingInstrumental Analysis CenterSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringZhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou 310012China Shangyu Yingtai Fine Chemical Co. Ltd.Shaoxing 312000China Hangzhou Ecological Environment Monitoring Center Hangzhou 310007China

Persulfate is considered a convenient and efficient remediation agent for organic contaminated ***,the potential risk of sulfur into the soil remediation by persulfate remains *** this study,glass bottles with different persulfate dosages and groundwater tables were set up to simulate persulfate remediation of organic pollutants(aniline).The results found sulfate to be the main end-product(83.0%–99.5%)of persulfate remediation after10 ***,H_(2)S accounted for 93.4%–99.4%of sulfur reduction end-products,suggesting that H_(2)S was the final fate of sulfur.H_(2)S was released rapidly after one to three days at a maximum concentration of 33.0 ppm,which is sufficient to make a person *** to the fitted curve results,H_(2)S concentration decreased to a safe concentration(0.15 ppm)after 20–85 ***,the maximum concentration of methanethiol reached 0.6 *** results indicated that secondary pollution from persulfate remediation could release harmful gases over a long ***,persulfate should be used more carefully as a remediation agent for soil contamination.

关键词： Gaseous sulfur release H_2S Long period potential risk Organic contaminated soil remediation Persulfate

Prognostic Biomarkers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Serine and Glycine Metabolism-related Genes

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第3期12卷 266-277页

作者： Xufan cai Fang Xu Zhaohong Wang Hui chen Shengzhang Lin Department of Clinical Medicine School of MedicineHangzhou City UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina Zhejiang Chinese Medical University HangzhouZhejiangChina The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College BengbuAnhuiChina Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina

Background and Aims:Targeted therapy and immunotherapy have emerged as treatment options for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in recent *** significance of serine and glycine metabolism in various cancers is widely *** study aims to investigate their correlation with the prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment(TIME)of ***:Based on the public database,different subtypes were identified by cluster analysis,and the prognostic model was constructed through regression *** gene expression omnibus(GEO)data set was used as the validation set to verify the performance of the *** survival curve evaluated prognostic *** was used to evaluate the level of immune cell infiltration,and maftools analyzed the *** screened small molecule compounds related to prognostic ***:HCC was found to have two distinct ***,we constructed a risk score prognostic model through regression analysis based on serine and glycine metabolismrelated genes(SGMGs).A nomogram was constructed based on risk scores and other clinical *** patients with a higher risk score showed a poor prognosis,and there were significant differences in immune cell infiltration between the high-and low-risk *** addition,three potential drugs associated with prognostic genes,streptozocin,norfloxacin,and hydrocotarnine,were ***:This study investigated the expression patterns of SGMGs and their relationship with tumor characteristics,resulting in the development of a novel model for predicting the prognosis of HCC *** study provides a reference for clinical prognosis prediction and treatment of HCC patients.

关键词： Serine and glycine metabolism-related genes Hepatocellular carcinoma Risk group Prognosis Tumor immune microenvironment

LncRNA LOC103694972 promotes fibrosis of NRK-49F cells by regulating STAT3-dependent Smad/CTGF pathway via targeting miR-29c-3p

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BIOCELL 2024年第3期48卷 501-511页

作者： YAN LI HUZHI cai XIAOLING PENG YOUHUI LIU QINGYANG chen XIANGDONG LIN XINYU chen Department of Vascular and Tumor Intervention The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha410007China Department of Intensive Care Unit The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha410007China Department of Nursing Research The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha410007China Department of Intensivie Care Unit The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha410007China Department of Endocrinology The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha410007China Department of Preventive Treatment Center The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha410007China

Background:Renalﬁbrosis is an important process in the development of chronic kidney *** the pathogenesis andﬁnding effective treatments for renalﬁbrosis is *** study aims to investigate whether a newly discovered long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)called LOC103694972 could be a potential target for treatingﬁbrosis of NRK-49F ***:LncRNA Chip was used to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs between TGF-β1-induced NRK-49F cells and normal *** dual-luciferase assay conﬁrmed the binding between miR-29c-3p and signal transducer and activator of transcription(STAT3),as well as between miR-29c-3p and lncRNA ***-LOC103694972 and miR-29c-3p mimic were then transfected into TGF-β1-induced NRK-49F ***:The study found that LOC103694972 was highly expressed in TGF-β1-induced NRK-49F *** cells exhibited increased cell length and activity compared to the control *** expression levels of Collagen I,α-Smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase(TIMP-1)were increased,while matrix Metalloproteinase 2(MMP2)and matrix Metalloproteinase 9(MMP9)expression was ***,transfection with si-LOC103694972 and miR-29c-3p mimics restored cell morphology and reduced cell *** led to a decrease in the levels of Collagen I,α-SMA,and TIMP-1,as well as an increase in MMP2 and MMP9 ***,TGF-β1-induced NRK-49F cells transfected with miR-29c-3p mimics activated the STAT3-Smad3/CTGF ***:Based on theseﬁndings,lncRNA LOC103694972 shows promise as a target for treating renalﬁ*** negatively regulates miR-29c-3p and activates the STAT3-Smad3/CTGF pathway.

关键词： Renal fibrosis lncRNA LOC103694972 lncRNA Chip miR-29c-3p STAT3-Smad3/CTGF

MALDI coupled with laser-postionization and trapped ion mobility spectrometry contribute to the enhanced detection of lipids in cancer cell spheroids

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 464-468页

作者： Jing chen Peisi Xie Pengfei Wu Yu He Zian Lin Zongwei cai Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analytical Science for Food Safety and Biology Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food SafetyCollege of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350116China Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological AnalysisHong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina College of Forestry Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210018China

Cancer cell spheroids(CCS) are a valuable three-dimensional cell model in cancer studies because they could replicate numerous characteristics of solid tumors. Increasing researches have used matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging(MALDI-MSI) to investigate the spatial distribution of endogenous compounds(e.g., lipids) in CCS. However, only limited lipid species can be detected owing to a low ion yield by using MALDI. Besides, it is still challenging to fully characterize the structural diversity of lipids due to the existence of isomeric/isobaric species. Here, we carried out the initial application of MALDI coupled with laser-postionization(MALDI-2) and trapped ion mobility spectrometry(TIMS) imaging in HCT116 colon CCS to address these challenges. We demonstrated that MALDI-2 is capable of detecting more number and classes of lipids in HCT116 colon CCS with higher signal intensities than MALDI. TIMS could successfully separate numerous isobaric/isomeric species of lipids in CCS. Interestingly, we found that some isomeric/isobaric species have totally different spatial distributions in colon CCS. Further MS/MS imaging analysis was employed to determine the compositions of fatty acid chains for isomeric species by examining disparities in signal intensities and spatial distributions of product ions. This work stresses the robust ability of TIMS and MALDI-2 imaging in analyzing endogenous lipids in CCS, which could potentially become powerful tools for future cancer studies.

关键词： Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization(MALDI) Mass spectrometry imaging MALDI coupled with laser-postionization Trapped ion mobility spectrometry Cancer cell spheroids

Mitochondrial-Oriented Injectable Hydrogel Microspheres Maintain Homeostasis of Chondrocyte Metabolism to Promote Subcellular Therapy in Osteoarthritis

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Research 2024年第3期7卷 775-790页

作者： Li chen Jianye Yang Zhengwei cai Yanran Huang Pengcheng Xiao Hong chen Xiaoji Luo Wei Huang Wenguo Cui Ning Hu Department of Orthopedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityOrthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Orthopaedics Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai 200025China.

Subcellular mitochondria serve as sensors for energy metabolism and redox balance, and the dynamic regulation of functional and dysfunctional mitochondria plays a crucial role in determining cells' fate. Selective removal of dysfunctional mitochondria at the subcellular level can provide chondrocytes with energy to prevent degeneration, thereby treating osteoarthritis. Herein, to achieve an ideal subcellular therapy, cartilage affinity peptide (WYRGRL)-decorated liposomes loaded with mitophagy activator (urolithin A) were integrated into hyaluronic acid methacrylate hydrogel microspheres through microfluidic technology, named HM@WY-Lip/UA, that could efficiently target chondrocytes and selectively remove subcellular dysfunctional mitochondria. As a result, this system demonstrated an advantage in mitochondria function restoration, reactive oxygen species scavenging, cell survival rescue, and chondrocyte homeostasis maintenance through increasing mitophagy. In a rat post-traumatic osteoarthritis model, the intra-articular injection of HM@WY-Lip/UA ameliorated cartilage matrix degradation, osteophyte formation, and subchondral bone sclerosis at 8 weeks. Overall, this study indicated that HM@WY-Lip/UA provided a protective effect on cartilage degeneration in an efficacious and clinically relevant manner, and a mitochondrial-oriented strategy has great potential in the subcellular therapy of osteoarthritis.

关键词： spheres remove thereby