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Com.l.m.nt-dependent neuroinfl.m.ation in spinal.cord injury:from.pathol.gy to therapeutic im.l.cations

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Neural.Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1324-1335页

作者： Hassan Saad Bachar El.Baba Al. Tfail. Firas Kobeissy Juanm.rco Gutierrez Gonzal.z Daniel.Refai Geral. R.Rodts Christian m.stroph David Gim.el.Jonathan Grossberg Daniel.l.Barrow m.tthew F.Gary Al. m.Al.wieh Departm.nt of Neurosurgery Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Departm.nt of Neurol.gy Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA Center for Neurotraum. Multiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

Spinal.cord injury rem.ins a m.jor cause of disabil.ty in young adul.s,and beyond acute decom.ression and rehabil.tation,there are no pharm.col.gical.treatm.nts to l.m.t the progression of injury and optim.ze recovery in this *** the thorough investigation of the com.l.m.nt system.in triggering and propagating cerebral.neuroinfl.m.ation,a sim.l.r rol. for com.l.m.nt in spinal.neuroinfl.m.ation is a focus of ongoing *** this work,we survey the current l.terature investigating the rol. of com.l.m.nt in spinal.cord injury incl.ding the sources of com.l.m.nt proteins,triggers of com.l.m.nt activation,and rol. of effector functions in the *** study rel.vant data dem.nstrating the different triggers of com.l.m.nt activation after spinal.cord injury incl.ding direct binding to cel.ul.r debris,and or activation via antibody binding to dam.ge-associated m.l.cul.r *** effector functions of com.l.m.nt have been im.l.cated in spinal.cord injury,and we critical.y eval.ate recent studies on the dual.rol. of com.l.m.nt anaphyl.toxins in spinal.cord injury whil. em.hasizing the l.ck of pathophysiol.gical.understanding of the rol. of opsonins in spinal.cord *** this pathophysiol.gical.review,we system.tical.y review the different transl.tional.approaches used in precl.nical.m.del. of spinal.cord injury and discuss the chal.enges for future transl.tion into hum.n *** review em.hasizes the need for future studies to dissect the rol.s of different com.l.m.nt pathways in the pathol.gy of spinal.cord injury,to eval.ate the phases of invol.em.nt of opsonins and anaphyl.toxins,and to study the rol. of com.l.m.nt in white m.tter degeneration and regeneration using transl.tional.strategies to suppl.m.nt genetic m.del..

关键词： com.l.m.nt neuroinfl.m.ation neuropl.sticity regeneration spinal.cord injury targeted therapy

Differential.responses to artificial.sel.ction on oviposition site preferences in Drosophil. m.l.nogaster and D. sim.l.ns

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Insect Science 2015年第6期22卷 821-828页

作者： Eduardo m. Soto m.ria I. l. Betti Juan Hurtado Esteban Hasson Departam.nto de Ecol.gia Genetica y Evolucion IEGEBA (CONICET-UBA) Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad deBuenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina

The preference-perform.nce rel.tionship in pl.nt-insect interactions is a cen- tral.them. in evol.tionary ecol.gy. Am.ng m.ny insects, eggs are vul.erabl. and l.rvae have l.m.ted m.bil.ty, m.king the choice of an appropriate oviposition site one of the m.st im.ortant decisions for a fem.l.. We investigated the evol.tion of oviposition preferences in Drosophil. m.l.nogaster m.igen and Drosophil. sim.l.ns Sturtevant by artificial.y sel.cting for the preference for 2 natural.resources, grape and quince. The m.in finding of our study is the differential.responses of D. m.l.nogaster and D. sim.l.ns. Al.hough preferences evol.ed in the experim.ntal.popul.tions of D. m.l.nogaster, responses were not consistent with the sel.ction regim.s appl.ed. In contrast, responses in D. sim.l.ns were consistent with expectations, dem.nstrating that this species has sel.ctabl. genetic variation for the trait. Furtherm.re, crosses between D. sim.l.ns divergent l.nes showed that the genetic factors invol.ed in grape preference appear to be l.rgel. recessive. In sum.ary, our artificial.sel.ction study suggests that D. m.l.nogaster and D. sim.l.ns possess different genetic architectures for this trait.

关键词： artificial.sel.ction behavior Drosophil. genetic variation natural.esources oviposition preference

Am.no Acid Catabol.sm.in Pl.nts

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m.l.cul.r Pl.nt 2015年第11期8卷 1563-1579页

作者： Tatjana m. Hil.ebrandt Adriano Nunes Nesi Wagner l. Araujo Hans-Peter Braun Institut fur Pfianzengenetik Leibniz Universitat Hannover Herrenhauser StraBe 2 30419 Hannover Germany Departam.nto de Biol.gia Vegetal Universidade Federal de Vicosa Vicosa Minas Gerais 36570-900 Brazil

Am.no acids have various prom.nent functions in pl.nts. Besides their usage during protein biosynthesis, they al.o represent buil.ing bl.cks for several.other biosynthesis pathways and pl.y pivotal.rol.s during signal.ng processes as wel. as in pl.nt stress response. In general. pool.sizes of the 20 am.no acids differ strongl. and change dynam.cal.y depending on the devel.pm.ntal.and physiol.gical.state of the pl.nt cel.. Besides am.no acid biosynthesis, which has al.eady been investigated in great detail. the catabol.sm.of am.no acids is of central.im.ortance for adjusting their pool.sizes but so far has drawn m.ch l.ss attention. The degradation of am.no acids can al.o contribute substantial.y to the energy state of pl.nt cel.s under certain physiol.gical.conditions, e.g. carbon starvation. In this review, we discuss the biol.gical.rol. of am.no acid catabol.sm.and sum.arize current knowl.dge on am.no acid degradation pathways and their regul.tion in the context of pl.nt cel. physiol.gy.

关键词： adenosine triphosphate am.no acid catabol.sm carbon starvation energy m.tabol.sm enzym. regul.tion

Spent coffee grounds as a renewabl. source of energy: An anal.sis of bul. powder fl.wabil.ty

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Particuol.gy 2019年第2期17卷 92-100页

作者： l. m.ssaro Sousa m.C. Ferreira Drying Center for Pastes Suspensions and Seeds. Chemical Engineering Department Federal University of Sao Carlos. P.O. Box 676 13565-905 Sao Carlos Brazil

The m.in use for spent coffee grounds (SCG) produced in the sol.bl. coffee industry is therm.l.energy generation in the industry itsel.. The SCG are processed using operations that are strongl. dependent on powder fl.w behavior. In this study, we eval.ated two cl.ssical.fl.wabil.ty in dices of non-consol.dated SCG powders: the angl. of repose (AoR), and the Hausner ratio (HR). The infl.ences of the m.an particl. diam.ter, particl. size distribution (PSD), and water content on the AoR and HR val.es of SCG were anal.zed for powders with a m.an particl. size range of 225-550 μm. For powders with a m.an particl. size cl.se to 350 μm.and for m.xtures containing m.re than 40% fine particl.s, the HR (>1.35) and AoR (>45 °) val.es were characteristic of poor fl.wabil.ty. The AoR was sensitive to the powder PSD, and powders with sim.l.r m.an particl. sizes had higher AoR val.es when the PSD was l.rger. For powders w让h water contents up to 50%, the fl.wabil.ty indices were not greatl. affected by the water content. A m.dified l.near-m.xture packing m.del.was used to predict the packed bed void fractions for binary and ternary m.xtures of the three base powders. The m.del.was used to construct a ternary diagram.to estim.te the HR val.es of the m.xtures. An equation was fitted to correl.te HR and AoR. The proposed diagram.and the equation provide insight into fl.w behavior and coul. be used for process design of industrial.pl.nts that handl. SCG.

关键词： Spent coffee ground Biom.ss Fl.wabil.ty Hausner ratio Angl. of repose

The Jeans Equation General.zation for the Rotating Universe

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International.Journal.of Astronom. and Astrophysics 2014年第4期4卷 614-619页

作者： l.onid m. chechin Aigerim.T. Ibraim.va Astrophysical.Institute Nam.d After V.G. Fessenkov Almaty Kazakhstan

The general.zation of Jeans equation in expanding and rotating Universe is given. We found the general.zed frequency of baryonic substrate oscil.ations in the rotating Universe. In doing this, two cases were considered: the general.zed wave vector coincides with the Jeans wave vector and second case, when the general.zed wave vector tends to zero.

关键词： Jeans Equations Rotating Universe

Do coyotes Canis l.trans infl.ence occupancy ot prey in suburban forest fragm.nts？

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Current Zool.gy 2016年第1期62卷 1-6页

作者： Brandon m. JONES m.chael.V. COVE m.rcus A. l.SHl.Y Victoria l. JACKSON Departm.nt of Biol.gy and Agricul.ure University of Central Missouri Warrensburg M0 64093 USA Departm.nt of Appl.ed Ecol.gy North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA Departm.nt of Forestry and Environm.ntal.Resources North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA Departm.nt of Wil.l.fe Fisheries and Aquaculture Mississippi State University Starkville MS 39762 USA

With the extirpation of apex predators from.m.ny North Am.rican system., coyotes Canis l.trans have becom. the de facto top predator and are ubiquitous m.m.ers of m.st ecosystem.. Keystone predators aid in m.intaining ecosystem.function by regul.ting the m.m.al.com.unity through direct predation and instil.ing the l.ndscape of fear, yet the val.e of coyotes regul.ting system. to this capacity is understudied and l.kel. variabl. across environm.nts. Since coyotes are com.on in the m.dwestern United States, we util.zed cam.ra traps and occupancy anal.ses to as- sess their rol. in regul.ting the distribution of m.m.al.an herbivores in a fragm.nted suburban ecosystem. Forest cover was a strong positive predictor of white-tail.d deer Odocoil.us virginianus detection, whil. coyote occurrence had a negative effect. Coyotes exerted a negative effect on squirrel.（Sciurus spp.） and eastern cottontail.rabbit Syl.il.gus fl.ridanus occurrence, whil. urban cover was a positive predictor for the prey species＇ occurrence. These resul.s suggest al. 3 species behavioral.y avoid coyotes whereby deer seek denser forest cover and squirrel. and cottontail. m.tigate risk by increasing use of urban areas. Al.hough previous studies reveal.l.m.ted infl.ence of coyote on the rest of the carnivore guil. in suburban system., we suggest coyotes pl.y an im.ortant rol. in regul.ting the herbivorous m.m.al. and hence m.y provide sim.l.r eco- l.gical. benefits in urban/suburban forest fragm.nts through trophic cascades. Furtherm.re, since hunting m.y not be al.owed in urban and suburban habitats, coyotes m.ght al.o serve as the pri- m.ry regul.tor of nuisance species occurring at high abundance such as white-tail.d deer and squirrel..

关键词： cam.ra traps coyote deer rabbit squirrel urban wil.l.fe.

Infl.ence of Fl.oride Addition on the Com.osition of Sol.tions in Equil.brium.with Acid Soil.

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Pedosphere 2009年第1期19卷 60-70页

作者： A. ROm.R C. GAGO m. l. FERNNDEZ-m.RCOS E. l.AREZ Departam.nto de Edafol.gía y Quím.ca Agrícol. University of Santiago de Compostela Campus Universitario 27002 Lugo (Spain)

Atm.spheric em.ssions of fl.oride from.an aium.nium.sm.l.er-al.m.na refinery l.cated on the northern coast of Gal.cia, NW Spain, increase the content of fl.orine in soil. and vegetation in the vicinity of the com.l.x. The effects of the addition of fl.oride sol.tions on the chem.cal.properties of soil.sam.l.s from.the area surrounding the com.l.x were investigated in l.boratory experim.nts. Addition of fl.oride to soil. resul.ed in increases in pH and concentrations of Fe, A1, and organic m.tter in the equil.brium.sol.tions and decreases in concentrations of Ca, m., and K. No consistent effects were observed on the Cu, m., or Zn concentrations. m.st of the A1 in sol.tion was bound to organic m.tter. Within the fraction ＂l.bil. al.m.nium., the concentration of A1-OH com.l.xes decreased and the A1-F com.l.xes increased, especial.y A1F3 and A1F4^-, which are l.ss toxic than Al.3＋ and A1-OH species.

关键词： al.m.nium.speciation equil.brium.soil.sol.tion fl.oride pol.ution

In-situ l.ading neutron-diffraction studies of a cobal.-based superal.oy

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2006年第A2期16卷 144-148页

作者： m. l. BENSON P. K l.AW H. CHOO T. A. SAl.H D. W. BROWN m. R. DAYm.ND X. l. WANG A. D. STOICA E. C. Ol.VER D. l. Kl.RSTROm Departm.nt of m.terial. Science and Engineering University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996 USA m.tal. and Ceram.cs Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA l.s Al.m.s Neutron Science Center Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM 87545 USA Departm.nt of m.chanical.and m.terial. Engineering Queen＇s University Kingston ON K7L3N6 Canada Spal.ation Neutron Source Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA ISIS Pul.ed Neutron and m.on Source Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory Chilton Didcot OX 11 0QX UK Haynes International.Inc Kokomo IN 46904 USA

Ul.Im.T® al.oy is a cobal.-based superal.oy that undergoes a deform.tion-induced phase transform.tion from.a face-centered-cubic (fcc) phase to a hexagonal.cl.se-packed (hcp) phase. The transform.tion was studied during m.notonic l.ading, stress-control.ed high-cycl. fatigue (HCF) and strain-control.ed l.w-cycl. fatigue (l.F). The HCF was perform.d at a m.xim.m.stress of σm.x=840 m.a and a m.nim.m.stress of σm.n=84 m.a, whil. the tensil. experim.nt was term.nated after reaching σm.x=890 m.a. The l.F was perform.d at a m.xim.m.strain of σm.x=1.25% and a m.nim.m.strain of σm.n=-1.25%. The m.notonic-l.ading experim.nt resul.s reveal.that the hcp phase form. after reaching the yiel. stress. During HCF, the hexagonal.phase form. im.ediatel. upon the first fatigue cycl., with no further change in structure upon subsequent deform.tion. In contrast to HCF, the hcp phase form. gradual.y during l.F. In fact, fatigue cycl. 12 is reached before the hcp phase is resol.ed by neutron diffraction. Diffraction patterns from.subsequent fatigue cycl.s reveal.that the hcp phase continues to accum.l.te as l.F progresses. These observations can be rel.ted to the input of m.chanical.energy during different l.ading m.des.

关键词：钴基高温合金现场加载中子衍射 fcc hcp 相变

Interaction between cannabinoid and nucl.otide system. as a new m.chanism.of signal.ng in retinal.cel. death

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Neural.Regeneration Research 2019年第12期14卷 2093-2094页

作者： Hércul.s R. Freitas Ricardo A. m. Reis Ana l. m. Ventura Guil.erm. R. Franca l.boratory of Neurochem.stry Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil School.of Heal.h Sciences Centro Universitário IBMR Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil l.boratory of Neurochem.stry Institute of Biology Universidade Federal Fluminense Niterói RJ Brazil Biom.dical.Institute Departament of Physiological Sciences/ Pharmacology Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil

Nervous system.em.rges from.com.l.x signal.ng interactions where extrinsic (neurotransm.tters and trophic factors, am.ng others) and intrinsic factors (transcription factors) interpl.y in the devel.ping tissue to control.gene activity prom.ting chronic changes in cel. genesis, m.gration, differentiation and death. The retinal.m.croenvironm.nt is regul.ted by a broad variety of chem.cal., incl.ding endocannabinoids and nucl.otides that m.dul.te em.ryonic progenitor-neuron-m.l.er gl.a signal.ng in very earl. devel.ping or pathophysiol.gical.conditions.

关键词： Interaction nucl.otide system. cel. death