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Measuring the physical and economic impact of filarial lymphoedema in chikwawa district,Malawi:a case-control study

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 234-242页

作者： Michelle c.Stanton Masato Yamauchi Square Z.Mkwanda Paul Ndhlovu Dorothy Emmie Matipula charles Mackenzie Louise A.Kelly-Hope Department of Parasitology Liverpool School of Tropical MedicineLiverpoolUK Ministry of Health LilongweMalawi chikwawa District Health Office ChikwawaMalawi chiradzulu District Health Office ChiradzuluMalawi Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation Michigan State UniversityEast LansingUSA

Background:Lymphatic filariasis(LF)is one of the primary causes of lymphoedema in sub-Saharan Africa,and has a significant impact on the quality of life(QoL)of those *** this paper we assess the relative impact of lymphoedema on mobility and income in chikwawa district,***:A random sample of 31 people with lymphoedema and 31 matched controls completed a QoL questionnaire from which both an overall and a mobility-specific score were *** mobility tests were undertaken,namely the 10 m walking test[10MWT]and timed up and go[TUG]test,and a subset of 10 casescontrol pairs wore GPS data loggers for 3 weeks to measure their mobility in a more natural *** economic data was collected from all 31 case-control pairs,and each participant undertaking the GPS activity recorded daily earnings and health expenditure throughout the observation ***:cases had a significantly poorer overall QoL(cases=32.2,controls=6.0,Pcific(cases=43.1,controls=7.4,Pcores in comparison to *** were also significantly slower(Pcompleting the timed mobility tests,*** 10MWT speed of 0.83 m/s in comparison to 1.10 m/s for *** inconsistent relationship was observed between mobility-specific QoL scores and the timed test results for cases(10MWT correlation=−0.06,95%cI=(−0.41,0.30)),indicating that their perceived disability differed from their measured disability,whereas the results were consistent for controls(10MWT correlation=−0.61,95%cI=(−0.79,−0.34)).GPS summaries indicated that cases generally walk shorter distances at slower speeds than control,covering a smaller geographical area(median area by kernel smoothing:cases=1.25 km2,controls=2.10 km^(2),P=0.16).cases reported earning less than half that earned by controls per week(cases=$0.70,controls=$1.86,P=0.064),with a smaller proportion of their earnings(16%vs 22%,P=0.461)being spent on ***:Those affected by lymphoede

关键词： Lymphatic filariasis Lymphoedema Morbidity Malawi GPS Mobility Quality of life

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Recurrent ectopic pancreatitis of the jejunum and mesentery over a 30-year period

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2011年第2期10卷 218-220页

作者： John cT Wong charlotte Robinson Edward c Jones Alison Harris charles Zwirewich Robert Wakefield Richard K Simons Eric M Yoshida Department of Medicine Department of Medicine 2775 Laurel StreetUniversity of British Columbia VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanadaV5Z 1M9 Department of Radiology Department of Medicine 2775 Laurel StreetUniversity of British Columbia VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanadaV5Z 1M9 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department of Medicine 2775 Laurel StreetUniversity of British Columbia VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanadaV5Z 1M9 Department of Surgery Department of Medicine 2775 Laurel StreetUniversity of British Columbia VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanadaV5Z 1M9 Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine 2775 Laurel StreetUniversity of British Columbia VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanadaV5Z 1M9

BAcKGROUND:Ectopic pancreas is defined as pancreatic tissue found outside its usual anatomical position,with no ductal or vascular communication with the native pancreas. We describe a case of ectopic pancreas of the small bowel and mesentery causing recurrent episodes of pancreatitis, initially suspected on computed tomography(cT)and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRcP),and confirmed on histological review of the resection. METHODS:A 67-year-old woman presented with clinical symptoms and biochemical evidence of *** had similar episodes over the past 30 years with unrevealing investigations,and was concluded to have idiopathic pancreatitis. She underwent cT and MRcP,with findings suggestive of ectopic pancreas,a diagnosis confirmed on histology of the resection. RESULTS:MRcP identified a mass in the proximal small bowel mesentery isointense to the native pancreas,with a small duct draining into a proximal jejunal *** resected specimen consisted of normal parenchyma with lobulated acinar tissue with scattered islets of Langerhans,an occasional ductular structure,and admixed areas of adipose *** patient remained asymptomatic with normal biochemistry six months post-operatively. cONcLUSION:In an individual with abdominal pain,elevated serum amylase/lipase,but imaging findings of a normal native pancreas,ectopic pancreatitis should be considered,and can be evaluated by cT and MRcP.

关键词： ectopic pancreas gastrointestinal tract endoscopic ultrasound computed tomography magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography

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当前新药非临床安全性评价的趋势(英文)

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2012年第1期26卷 1-3页

作者： charles c.ZHANG 戴仁科 Purdue Pharma LP CranburyNew Jersey 08512USA 中山珐玛斯医药科技有限公司广东中山528437

非临床药物安全性评价为新药的研发发挥了重要作用。人用药品注册技术要求国际协调会(IcH)新药研发指南M3(R2)是非临床药物安全性评价的方向性指导文献。正确的评价策略和相关毒理学研究应该一起综合考虑,以促进新药候选物高效、及时地... 详细信息

非临床药物安全性评价为新药的研发发挥了重要作用。人用药品注册技术要求国际协调会(IcH)新药研发指南M3(R2)是非临床药物安全性评价的方向性指导文献。正确的评价策略和相关毒理学研究应该一起综合考虑,以促进新药候选物高效、及时地向前发展,从而支持临床试验计划和市场登记进展。然而,随着发展成本增加和行业的竞争,毒性预测、动物模型和法规遵从性也是新药深入研发过程中非常重要的因素。此外,IcH其他指导文献,例如IcH S6和IcH S9,也是给新药深入研发带来冲击力很大的指导文献。因此,深入理解所有这些文献的本质意义对从事新药安全评价人员来说是很重要的,增强综合使用各方面总体知识的能力将促进新药深入研发更快、更好地实施。

关键词：非临床药物安全性 IcH指南毒理学新药研发小分子药物生物药物

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Unplanned hospitalizations for metastatic cancers:The changing patterns of inpatient palliative care,discharge to hospice care,and in-hospital mortality in the United States

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Family Medicine and community Health 2017年第1期5卷 13-28页

作者： Jason L.Salemi charles c.chima Kiara K.Spooner Roger J.Zoorob Department of Family and community Medicine Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA

Objective:To describe the rates and temporal trends of inpatient end-of-life care among patients hospitalized with metastatic cancer in the United ***:We used data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample to conduct a cross-sectional analysis of unplanned inpatient hospitalizations of patients aged 18 years or older with metastatic cancer from 2002 to *** logistic regression was used to assess patient-and hospital-level predictors of discharge to hospice care,palliative care,and in-hospital *** trends in outcomes were characterized with use of joinpoint ***:There were an estimated 350,241 unplanned hospitalizations per year of patients with a diagnosis of metastatic *** their inpatient stay,5.8%of patients received palliative care,and among those discharged alive,12.2%were referred to hospice *** rate of inpatient palliative care increased from 2.3%to 13.6%,the rate of discharge to hospice care increased from 4.1%to 15.6%,and the in-hospital mortality rate decreased from more than 14.0%to 9.8%.These patterns were consistent across cancer subtypes,and were most pronounced among patients with extreme risk of ***:Despite increases in the provision of comfort-oriented care to patients with meta-static cancer,few receive such *** recommend screening protocols in hospitals to identify patients who are good candidates for palliative care consultation and hospice referral.

关键词： End-of-life hospice care inpatient mortality metastatic cancer palliative care unplanned hospitalization

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Thrust characteristics of nano-carbon/Al/oxygenated salt nanothermites for micro-energetic applications

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第12期30卷 55-69页

作者： Ahmed Fahd Alex Baranovsky charles Dubois Jamal chaouki Sherif Elbasuney Shady Shokry chemical Engineering Department Ecole Polytechnique de MontrealMontrealH3C 3A7Canada Energetic Materials and Nanotechnology Research center Technical Research CenterCairo11765Egypt Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Department University of WaterlooOntarioN2L 3G1Canada Head of Nanotechnology Research center Military Technical CollegeCairo11767Egypt Laser and Optoelectronics Research center Technical Research CenterCairo11765Egypt

combustion within small motors is key in the application-specific development of nanothermite-based micro-energetic systems. This study evaluates the performance of nanothermite mixtures in a converging-diverging nozzle and an open tube. Mixtures were prepared using nano-aluminum(n-Al),potassium perchlorate(KclO_(4)), and different carbon nanomaterials(cNMs) including graphene-oxide(GO), reduced GO, carbon nanotubes(cNTs) and nanofibers(cNFs). The mixtures were packed at different densities and ignited by laser beam. Performance was measured using thrust measurement,high-speed imaging, and computational fluid dynamics modeling, respectively. Thrust, specific impulse(ISP), volumetric impulse(ISV), as well as normalized energy were found to increase notably with cNM content. Two distinctive reaction regimes(fast and slow) were observed in combustion of low and high packing densities(20% and 55%TMD), respectively. Total impulse(IFT) and ISPwere maximized in the 5%GO/Al/KclO_4 mixture, producing 7.95 m N·s and 135.20 s respectively at 20%TMD, an improvement of 57%compared to a GO-free sample(5.05 m N·s and 85.88 s). cFD analysis of the motors over predicts the thrust generated but trends in nozzle layout and packing density agree with those observed experimentally;peak force was maximized by reducing packing density and using an open tube. The numerical force profiles fit better for the nozzle cases than the open tube scenarios due to the rapid nature of combustion. This study reveals the potential of GO in improving oxygenated salt-based nanothermites,and further demonstrates their applicability for micro-propulsion and micro-energetic applications.

关键词： Nanothermites Graphene oxide Reduced graphene oxide carbon nano material Oxygenated salts Laser ignition computational fluid dynamics

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Design of Oxygen Electrocatalysts Based on Biomass/MOF Derived carbon Frameworks

Design of Oxygen Electrocatalysts Based on Biomass/MOF Deriv...

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作者： Victor charles 中国科学院大学(中国科学院过程工程研究所)

学位级别：硕士

电化学能源转换被视为解决当前全球能源危机的替代方法。这一过程由包括ORR,OER和HER在内的各种反应驱动。由于4个电子质子的转移反应过程,ORR和OER一直是这些过程面临的重要挑战。为了实现这些过程的广泛应用,必须合成能够有效驱动氧... 详细信息

电化学能源转换被视为解决当前全球能源危机的替代方法。这一过程由包括ORR,OER和HER在内的各种反应驱动。由于4个电子质子的转移反应过程,ORR和OER一直是这些过程面临的重要挑战。为了实现这些过程的广泛应用,必须合成能够有效驱动氧反应（ORR和OER）的廉价且丰富的电催化剂,这对于设计用于增强氧还原反应（ORR）和析氧反应（OER）的电催化剂对于诸如燃料电池,水分解和金属空气电池装置之类的能量转换系统至关重要。首先,通过掺入过渡金属合金和富氮小分子,利用一种烟梗这一廉价的生物质来制备新型多孔碳骨架（Nico@N-c）。所得催化剂在碱性介质中的对氧还原反应提供了 0.92V的起始电势和0.86V的半波电势,优于市售的Pt/c催化剂。此外,该催化剂还表现出良好的析氧反应性能,具有280mV@10mA cm2的低过电势,ORR和OER之间的电势差仅为0.65V。掺入的Nico合金和N杂原子调节了制备的碳骨架的电子结构,创建了丰富的活性位点,并改善了电荷的重新分布,因此导致更快的ORR和OER反应动力学。所制备的Nico@N-c应用于Zn-空气电池的空气阴极,表现出良好的性能。这项工作为开发用于能源应用的高效多孔和功能化生物质衍生的氧电催化剂提供了一条新的思路。其次,通过超声浸渍法将coOx和NiO纳米颗粒掺入Ui0-66 MOF的框架中,并在300℃下煅烧,以形成具有Ui0-66框架结构的coOx/Ui066-300和NiO/Ui0-66-300异质结构。对合成材料的OER性能进行了研究,与NiO/Ui0-66-300和Ui0-66相比,coOx/Ui0-66-300和Ui0-66的过电势较低,分别为291.6mV和416.6 mV。在550℃下对浸渍的纳米粒子进行热处理时,Ui066骨架坍塌,导致异质结构的OER性能下降。这项工作提供了一种通过合理设计异质结构来提高co和Ni基材料的OER性能的新方法。

关键词：金属空气电池能量转换析氧反应性能

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Application of Light Scattering, Small Angle Neutron Scattering and X-ray Scattering in Polymer Research

Application of Light Scattering, Small Angle Neutron Scatter...

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第三届散裂中子源多学科应用研讨会

作者： charles c．Han Institute of chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

＜正＞Similarities and differences among light scattering, small angle neutron scattering, and x-ray scattering for polymer research will be briefly discussed. Some applications of these three techniques in polymer re...

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A Toxicological comparison of Adoptive Transfer cell Therapies for cancer:Dendritic cell（Dc）,B Lymphocyte cell（Bc） and cAR-T Based（chimeric antigen receptor）

A Toxicological Comparison of Adoptive Transfer Cell Therapi...

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中国毒理学会第七次全国毒理学大会暨第八届湖北科技论坛

作者： charles c.Zhang Theragene Pharmaceuticals Inc.

Adoptive transfer cell therapies are a type of immunotherapy that attempts to train the patient’s intrinsic immune,resulting in cell-mediated responses on specific antigens to cure *** type of immunotherapy is much more effective and is proved to have greater efficacy and less adverse reactions,as compared to traditional ***,there are 3 major types of cell immunotherapies in research or in the clinic:dendritic cell（Dc） mediated,such as Provenge（?）（Dendreon/Valeant）,the only US FDA approved cell-based specific active immunotherapy medicine;B lymphocyte（Bc） mediated;and cAR-T *** adoptive transfer cell immunotherapy is considered less toxic than chemotherapy,major and serious adverse effects（SAEs）,such as cytokine release syndrome and virus infections are still existed in many clinical *** presentation tries to compare the major toxicities of these 3 types of adoptive transfer cell therapy and elucidates possibly mechanisms underlined these adverse effects.

关键词： cAR-T immunotherapy adoptive cell transfer

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Influence of Phase Separation and Shear on the crystallization of Polyolefin Blends

Influence of Phase Separation and Shear on the Crystallizati...

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第三届世界粘接及相关现象大会暨北京粘接学会第十五届学术年会

作者： charles c.Han State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and chemistry Joint Laboratory of Polymer Science and Materials Institute of chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

The correlation between liquid-liquid phase separation(LLPS) and crystallization at several compositions in statistical copolymer blends of poly(ethylene-co-hexene)(PEH) and poly(ethylene-co-butene)(PEB) has been examined by optical microscopy(OM),atomic force microscopy(AFM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSc).The overwhelming change in the crystallization kinetics due to the density fluctuation caused by the spontaneous spinodal LLPS is *** coupling mechanism suggests a new mechanism in the nucleation -crystallization *** evidences are pointing to a cross-over mechanism from the spinodal fluctuations

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Synthesis and characterization of ABA Type Fluorine containing Polyurethane copolymers

Synthesis and Characterization of ABA Type Fluorine Containi...

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2007年全国高分子学术论文报告会

作者： charles c．Han Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Joint Laboratory of Polymer Science and Materials State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryInstitute of ChemistryCASBeijing 100080China

＜正＞ABA type fluorine containing polyurethane block copolymersd（FPU）were synthesized from 4,4′-methylene-bis-（phenylisocyanate）,polytetrahydrofuran（Mn= 2000）and monofunctional perfluoropolyether alcohol using... 详细信息

关键词： fluorine polyurethanes XPS contact angle hydrophobic

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