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Effects of Vapor pressure and Super-Hydrophobic Nanocomposite coating on Microelectronics Reliability

Engineering 2015年第3期1卷 384-390页

作者： Xuejun Fan Liangbiao chen c.p.wong Hsing-Wei chu G.Q.Zhang Department of Mechanical Engineering Lamar University State Key Laboratory of Solid State Lighting School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Tech Delft University of Technology Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences

Modeling vapor pressure is crucial for studying the moisture reliability of microelectronics, as high vapor pressure can cause device failures in environments with high temperature and humidity. To minimize the impact of vapor pressure, a super-hydrophobic(SH) coating can be applied on the exterior surface of devices in order to prevent moisture penetration. The underlying mechanism of SH coating for enhancing device reliability, however, is still not fully understood. In this paper, we present several existing theories for predicting vapor pressure within microelectronic materials. In addition, we discuss the mechanism and effectiveness of SH coating in preventing water vapor from entering a device, based on experimental results. Two theoretical models, a micro-mechanics-based whole-field vapor pressure model and a convection-diffusion model, are described for predicting vapor pressure. Both methods have been successfully used to explain experimental results on uncoated samples. However, when a device was coated with an SH nanocomposite, weight gain was still observed, likely due to vapor penetration through the SH surface. This phenomenon may cast doubt on the effectiveness of SH coatings in microelectronic devices. Based on current theories and the available experimental results, we conclude that it is necessary to develop a new theory to understand how water vapor penetrates through SH coatings and impacts the materials underneath. Such a theory could greatly improve microelectronics reliability.

关键词： vapor pressure moisture semiconductor reliability microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) superhydrophobic nanocomposite coating

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Greatly enhanced power conversion efficiency of hole-transport-layer-free perovskite solar cell via coherent interfaces of perovskite and carbon layers

Greatly enhanced power conversion efficiency of hole-transpo...

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第八届新型太阳能材料科学与技术学术研讨会

作者：楚倩倩邹卫田 Kyoung-sik Moon Bin Ding 杨冠军 c.p.wong State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong University

The interfacial contact between a perovskite and a carbon layer significantly affects the photovoltaic performance of a paintable and carbon-based hole transport material(HTM)-free perovskite solar cell(pSc). However, the detailed mechanism of the performance degradation, with regard to the carrier dynamics behavior at the perovskite/carbon interface, has not been elucidated yet. In this study, the improved interface of the perovskite/carbon was designed via a newly carbon electrode with nanosized carbon black and carbon fibers. Meanwhile, the Mott-Schottky analysis is conducted to study the carrier dynamics in the coherent and sparsely contacting interfaces, revealing that the unrestricted excitons in the nanoscale non-contact region of the coherent interface can be separated and then drove to be transported by the lateral built-in electric field. Furthermore, the HTM-free pSc via improved material design and fabrication by using a bilayer carbon electrode(coherent layer and conductive layer) results in an enhanced champion efficiency of 14.1%.

关键词： efficient perovskite coherent interfaces

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Artificial intelligence analysis of videos to augment clinical assessment:an overview

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 717-718页

作者： David c.wong Stefan Williams University of Leeds Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust LeedsUK

Observation is a fundamental part of the practice of clinical *** of movement is particularly important for the *** such as parkinson’s disease,multiple sclerosis,stroke,epilepsy,and many others affect a person’s movement in characteristic *** some conditions,changes in the patient’s voice can be included in this-changes in sound caused by changes in the movements of *** clinician’s detection of a characteristic abnormality,and their judgment of its severity,plays a central role in both diagnosis and the assessment of prognosis or response to ***,that practice depends upon a limited resource of experienced *** addition,these experts are limited by human visual judgment,which cannot reliably or precisely detect and measure small or subtle changes in movement(Williams et al.,2023).

关键词： clinical epilepsy diagnosis

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Mass spectrometry-based proteomics technology in pancreatic cancer research

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胰腺病学杂志(英文) 2024年第2期07卷 145-163页

作者： Sun Xue Wang Siyuan wong catherine c.L. First School of clinical Medicine Peking University Health Science Center Peking University Beijing China School of pharmacy University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin United States State Key Laboratory of complex Severe and Rare Diseases Clinical Research Institute Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Science &amp peking Union Medical college Beijing China Tsinghua-peking University Joint center for Life Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing China

pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (pDAc) has become a significant health concern with increasing incidence and mortality rates over the past few decades. Researchers have turned their attention to cutting-edge mass spectrometry (MS) technology due to its high-throughput and accurate detection capacity, which plays a vital role in understanding the mechanisms and discovering biomarkers for pancreatic diseases. In this review, we comprehensively investigate various methodologies of quantitative and qualitative proteomics MS technologies, alongside bioinformatical platforms employed in pancreatic cancer research. The integration of these optimized approaches provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis and disease progression, ultimately facilitating the discovery of potential diagnostic, prognostic biomarkers, and therapeutic targets. The robust MS-based strategy shows promise in paving the way for early diagnosis and personalized medicine for pancreatic cancer patients.

关键词： Biomarkers Mass spectrometry pancreatic cancer pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma proteomics

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Free-electron crystals for enhanced X-ray radiation

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1299-1309页

作者： Lee Wei Wesley wong Xihang Shi Aviv Karnieli Jeremy Lim Suraj Kumar Sergio carbajo Ido Kaminer Liang Jie wong School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore. Solid State Institute and Faculty of Electrical and computer Engineering Technion–Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 3200003Israel. School of Electrical Engineering Fleischman Faculty of EngineeringTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 69978Israel Department of Applied physics Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA. Science Mathematics and TechnologySingapore University of Technology and Design8 Somapah RoadSingapore 487372Singapore. Electrical and computer Engineering Department UCLA420 WestwoodLos AngelesCA 90095USA. physics and Astronomy Department UCLA475 Portola PlazaLos AngelesCA 90095USA. SLAc National Accelerator Laboratory Stanford University2575 Sand Hill RoadMenlo ParkCA 94025USA

Bremsstrahlung—the spontaneous emission of broadband radiation from free electrons that are deflected by atomic nuclei—contributes to the majority of X-rays emitted from X-ray tubes and used in applications ranging from medical imaging to semiconductor chip ***,we show that the bremsstrahlung intensity can be enhanced significantly—by more than three orders of magnitude—through shaping the electron wavefunction to periodically overlap with atoms in crystalline ***,we show how to shape the bremsstrahlung X-ray emission pattern into arbitrary angular emission profiles for purposes such as unidirectionality and ***,we find that these enhancements and shaped emission profiles cannot be attributed solely to the spatial overlap between the electron probability distribution and the atomic centers,as predicted by the paraxial and nonrecoil theory for free electron light *** work highlights an unprecedented regime of free electron light emission where electron waveshaping provides multi-dimensional control over practical radiation processes like *** results pave the way towards greater versatility in table-top X-ray sources and improved fundamental understanding of quantum electron-light interactions.

关键词： overlap attributed arbitrary

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Unsynchronized butyrophilin molecules dictate cancer cell evasion of Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell killing

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 362-373页

作者： Zeguang Wu Qiezhong Lamao Meichao Gu Xuanxuan Jin Ying Liu Feng Tian Ying Yu pengfei Yuan Shuaixin Gao Thomas S.Fulford Adam p.Uldrich catherine c.L wong Wensheng Wei Biomedical pioneering Innovation center Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking University Genome Editing Research CenterState Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene ResearchSchool of Life SciencesPeking University100871BeijingChina EdiGene Inc. Life Science ParkChangping District102206BeijingChina center for precision Medicine Multi-Omics Research Peking University Health Science CenterPeking University100191BeijingChina Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia cancer Immunology program Peter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVICAustralia State Key Laboratory for complex Severe and Rare DiseasesClinical Research InstitutePeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollegePeking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences100871BeijingChina

Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are specialized effector cells that have gained prominence as immunotherapy agents due to their ability to target and kill cells with altered pyrophosphate *** our effort to understand how cancer cells evade the cell-killing activity of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells,we performed a comprehensive genome-scale cRISpR screening of cancer *** found that four molecules belonging to the butyrophilin(BTN)family,specifically BTN2A1,BTN3A1,BTN3A2,and BTN3A3,are critically important and play unique,nonoverlapping roles in facilitating the destruction of cancer cells by primary Vγ9Vδ2 T *** coordinated function of these BTN molecules was driven by synchronized gene expression,which was regulated by IFN-γsignaling and the RFX ***,an enzyme called QpcTL was shown to play a key role in modifying the N-terminal glutamine of these BTN proteins and was found to be a crucial factor in Vγ9Vδ2 T cell killing of cancer *** our research,we offer a detailed overview of the functional genomic mechanisms that underlie how cancer cells escape Vγ9Vδ2 T ***,our findings shed light on the importance of the harmonized expression and function of gene family members in modulating T-cell activity.

关键词： Butyrophilin Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell cancer-specific immune evasion Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase-like pyrophosphate metabolite Immunotherapy

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Functionalized selenium nanoparticles ameliorated acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity through synergistically triggering pKcδ/Nrf2 signaling pathway and inhibiting cYp 2E1

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 932-945页

作者： Si Zou Yetao Gong Xiujie Li Yanbin Wu Jinzhong Wu Jianguo Wu Ka-Hing wong college of pharmacy Fujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhou 350122China Research Institute for Future Food The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China Department of Food Science and Nutrition The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China

Selenium nanoparticles(SeNps)have been demonstrated potential for use in diseases associated with oxidative *** SeNps with lower toxicity and higher biocompatibility could bring better therapeutic activity and clinical application ***,this work was conducted to investigate the protective effect of pleurotus tuber-regium polysaccharide-protein complex funtionnalized SeNps(pTR-SeNps)against acetaminophen(ApAp)-induced oxidative injure in HepG2 cells and c57BL/6J mouse *** elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanism,in particular their modulation of Nrf2 signaling pathway was also *** results showed that pTR-SeNps could significantly ameliorate ApAp-induced oxidative injury as evidenced by a range of biochemical analysis,histopathological examination and immunoblotting ***-SeNps could hosphorylate and activate pKcδ,depress Keap1,and increase nuclear accumulation of Nrf2,resulting in upregulation of GcLc,GcLM,HO-1 and NQO-1 ***,pTR-SeNps suppressed the biotransformation of ApAp to generate intracellular ROS through cYp 2E1 inhibition,restoring the mitochondrial ***,the protective effect of pTR-SeNps against ApAp induced hepatotoxicity was weakened as Nrf2 was depleted in vivo,indicating the pivotal role of Nrf2 signaling pathway in pTR-SeNps mediated hepatoprotective *** a potential hepatic protectant,pTR-SeNps could serve as a new source of selenium supplement for health-promoting and biomedical applications.

关键词： pTR-SeNps(polysaccharide-proteincomplex functionalized selenium nanoparticles) Acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 cytochrome p450 enzyme 2E1 Mitochondria

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Langmuir-Schaefer Film Investigation and Density Functional Theory Band Gap calculations of calix[n]arene-para-Aminobenzoic Acid for Drug Nanosensor Application

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第5期39卷 1311-1318页

作者： wong Yeong Yi F L Supian A Radzwan M Musa N F N Abd Karim Department of physics Sultan Idris Education UniversityTanjong Malim 35900Malaysia Department of chemistry Sultan Idris Education UniversityTanjong Malim 35900Malaysia

calix[n]arenes was utilized to detect pABA,the primary sunscreen *** study investigates the interaction of calix[4]arene(c4),calix[6]arene(c6),and pABA using the Langmuir method and first-principle density functional theory(DFT).Using the Langmuir-Schaefer(LS)technique,an ultrathin film composed of calix[n]arenes and their complexes with pABA was deposited on various *** on the Langmuir study,the pABA molecule was bonded to the lower rims of both c4 and c6 with the host-guest ratio of 1:*** of the LS films formed were then characterized by ultravioletvisible spectroscopy(UV-Vis),Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and carbon,hydrogen,nitrogen,sulfur elemental analyzer(cHNS).The band gap reduction obtained in the DFT study denotes the charge transfer interaction with promising reactivity between the calix[n]arenes and *** sensing of pABA by c4 and c6 is successful based on the formation of bonding between them due to the hosts’effective trapping *** outcomes of this study could be applied to drug delivery systems for future pharmaceutical and medical applications.

关键词： calix[n]arenes band gap density functional theory Langmuir-Schaefer pABA sensor

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Superior antibody and membrane protein‑specific T‑cell responses to coronaVac by intradermal versus intramuscular routes in adolescents

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World Journal of pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 353-370页

作者： Jaime S.Rosa Duque Samuel M.S.cheng carolyn A.cohen Daniel Leung Xiwei Wang Xiaofeng Mu Yuet chung Tsun Ming Lau Manni Wang Wenyue Zhang Yanmei Zhang Howard H.W.wong Leo c.H.Tsang Sara chaothai Tsz chun Kwan John K.c.Li Karl c.K.chan Leo L.H.Luk Jenson c.H.Ho Wing Yan Li Amos M.T.Lee Jennifer H.Y.Lam Sau Man chan Wilfred H.S.wong Issan Y.S.Tam Masashi Mori Sophie A.Valkenburg Malik peiris Wenwei Tu Yu Lung Lau Department of paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of public Health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina HKU‑pasteur Research pole School of Public HealthThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology Ishikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichiJapan Department of Microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infectionand ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia center for Immunology and Infection c2i Hong KongChina

Background Optimising the immunogenicity of cOVID-19 vaccines to improve their protection against disease is *** dosing by intradermal(ID)administration has been shown to be equally immunogenic as intramuscular(IM)administration for several vaccines,but the immunogenicity of ID inactivated whole severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-coV-2)at the full dose is *** study(NcT04800133)investigated the superiority of antibody and T-cell responses of full-dose coronaVac by ID over IM administration in *** participants aged 11–17 years received two doses of IM or ID vaccine,followed by the 3rd dose 13–42 days *** and cellular immunogenicity outcomes were measured post-dose 2(IM-cc versus ID-cc)and post-dose 3(IMccc versus ID-ccc).Doses 2 and 3 were administered to 173 and 104 adolescents,*** Spike protein(S)immunoglobulin G(IgG),S-receptor-binding domain(RBD)IgG,S IgG Fcγreceptor IIIa(FcγRIIIa)-binding,SNM[sum of individual(S),nucleocapsid protein(N),and membrane protein(M)peptide pool]-specific interleukin-2(IL-2)+cD4^(+),SNM-specific IL-2^(+)cD8^(+),S-specific IL-2^(+)cD8^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)cD4^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)cD8^(+)and M-specific IL-2^(+)cD4^(+)responses fulfilled the superior and non-inferior criteria for ID-cc compared to IM-cc,whereas IgG avidity was *** ID-ccc,S-RBD IgG,surrogate virus neutralisation test,90%plaque reduction neutralisation titre(pRNT90),pRNT50,S IgG avidity,S IgG FcγRIIIa-binding,M-specific IL-2^(+)cD4^(+),interferon-γ+cD8^(+)and IL-2^(+)cD8^(+)responses were superior and non-inferior to *** estimated vaccine efficacies were 49%,52%,66%and 79%for IM-cc,ID-cc,IM-ccc and ID-ccc,*** ID groups reported more local,mild adverse *** This is the first study to demonstrate superior antibody and M-specific T-cell responses by ID inactivated SARScoV-2 vaccination and serves as the basis for future research to improve the

关键词： coronaVac coronavirus disease 2019 Immunity Intradermal Vaccine

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Low phase noise K-band signal generation using polarization diverse single-soliton integrated microcombs

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photonics Research 2024年第6期12卷 1175-1185页

作者： ALWALEED ALDHAFEERI HSIAO-HSUAN cHIN TRISTAN MELTON DONG IL LEE ALLEN cHU WENTING WANG MINGBIN YU pATRIcK GUO-QIANG LO DIM-LEE Kwong cHEE WEI wong Fang Lu Mesoscopic Optics and Quantum Electronics Laboratory University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia 90095USA Institute of Microelectronics A*STARSingapore 117865Singapore State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technologyand Shanghai Industrial Technology Research InstituteShanghai 200050China

Frequency microcombs with microwave and millimeter-wave repetition rates provide a compact solution for coherent communication and information *** implementation of these microcombs using a cMOS-compatible platform further paves the way for large-scale photonic integration and ***,we demonstrate free-running soliton microcombs with K-band repetition rates with very low phase noise over a 4 GHz pump detuning range reaching−117(−123)dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset for a 19.7(10)GHz carrier without active pump stabilization,exceeding commercial electronic microwave oscillators at frequency offsets above 40 *** minimum laser noise to soliton microwave signal transduction factor observed is−*** noise performance is achieved using a hybridized dual-mode for soliton generation to achieve passive thermal stabilization and minimal soliton spectrum shift from prior Raman scattering and dispersive wave *** further examine the locking of the repetition rate to an external ultrastable photonic oscillator to illustrate the feasibility of phase noise suppression below the thermorefractive noise limits of microresonator frequency combs.

关键词： pump polarization millimeter

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