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chemPhysMater 2024年第1期3卷 83-93页

作者： Mylarappa M N.Raghavendra N.R.Bhumika c.h.chaithra B.N.Nagalaxmi K.N.Shravana Kumara Department of chemistry Sri Jagadguru Renukacharya College of ScienceArts&CommerceBengaluru 560009India Department of chemistry East West Institute of TechnologyBengaluru 560091India Department of chemistry Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for WomenBengaluru 560012India

In view of the current study’s demonstration of the synthesis of clay-doped ZnO composites,we present a low-cost method for producing clay-metal oxide(clay/ZnO).Utilizing the solution combustion technique,a composite of clay/ZnO was produced utilizing citric acid as both a fuel and a complexing *** hexagonal unit cell structure of the created clay/ZnO may be seen using XRD *** ZnO-infused clay was visible in FE-SEM micrographs as homogenous,sphere-shaped *** possible involvement of clay/ZnO photocatalytic activity in the UV-induced photodegradation of malachite green dye was *** 90%degradation rate shows the composite’s outstanding photocatalytic degradation *** resulting substance was electrochemically analyzed using a constructed electrode in 0.1 M KOh *** increased its sensor capabilities,which now include chemical and biomolecule sensors,and it excelled in cyclic voltammetry-based redox potential *** efficiently evaluate chemically synthesized NPs for electrochemical,sensing,and photocatalytic applications,this study intends to create a solution combustion procedure for the synthesis of clay/ZnO nanocomposite using urea as fuel.

关键词： clay clay/ZnO Photocatalytic Electrochemical sensors

Efficient guiding and focusing of intense laser pulse using periodic thin slits

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 29-39页

作者： L.Xu T.W.huang K.Jiang c.N.Wu h.Peng P.c.hen R.Li h.B.Zhuo c.T.Zhou Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultraintense Laser and Advanced Material Technology Center for Intense Laser ApplicationTechnologyand College of Engineering PhysicsShenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen 518118People’s Republic of China

Slits have been widely used in laser-plasma interactions as plasma optical components for generating high-harmonic light and controlling laser-driven particle ***,we propose and demonstrate that periodic thin slits can be regarded as a new breed of optical elements for efficient focusing and guiding of intense laser *** fundamental physics of intense laser interaction with thin slits is studied,and it is revealed that relativistic effects can lead to enhanced laser focusing far beyond the pure diffractive focusing *** addition,the interaction of an intense laser pulse with periodic thin slits makes it feasible to achieve multifold enhancement in both laser intensity and energy transfer efficiency compared with conventional *** results provide a novel method for manipulating ultra-intense laser pulses and should be of interest for many laser-based applications.

关键词： laser pulse intense

hepatitis B virus genotypes in precision medicine of hepatitis Brelated hepatocellular carcinoma:Where we are now

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1097-1103页

作者： caecilia h c Sukowati Sri Jayanti Turyadi Turyadi David h Muljono claudio Tiribelli Eijkman Research center for Molecular Biology Research Organization for HealthNational Research and Innovation Agency of IndonesiaJakarta 10340Indonesia Liver cancer Unit Fondazione Italiana Fegato ONLUSTrieste 34149Italy Faculty of Medicine Hasanuddin UniversityMakassar 90245South SulawesiIndonesia Faculty of Medicine and health University of SydneySydney 2050Australia

hepatitis B virus(hBV)infection is a major player in chronic hepatitis B that may lead to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma(hcc).hBV genetics are diverse where it is classified into at least 9 genotypes(A to I)and 1 putative genotype(J),each with specific geographical distribution and possible different clinical outcomes in the *** diversity may be associated with the precision medicine for hBV-related hcc and the success of therapeutical approaches against hcc,related to different pathogenicity of the virus and host *** Editorial discusses recent updates on whether the classification of hBV genetic diversity is still valid in terms of viral oncogenicity to the hcc and its precision medicine,in addition to the recent advances in cellular and molecular biology technologies.

关键词： hepatitis B virus hepatocellular carcinoma Genotypes Pathogenesis Precision medicine

Effect of radiative loss mechanisms on FIR thermometric parameters of Nd^(3+)-doped lithium tellurite glasses

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1250-1257,I0002页

作者： c.Y.Morassuti A.P.L Silva L.A.O.Nunes S.M.Lima L.h.c.Andrade Optical and Photothermal Spectroscopy Group(GEOF) Center for Studies in Natural Resources(CERNA)State University of Mato Grosso do Sul(UEMS)C.P.351DouradosMSBrazil Renato Archer Information Technology center Dom Pedro I Highway(SP-65)Km 1436-Chácaras Campos dos AmaraisCampinasSPBrazil Institute of Physics of São carlos University of São PauloSão CarlosSPBrazil

Nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glasses are promising materials for thermometers based on the fluorescence intensity ratio(FIR)***,at high Nd^(3+)concentrations,energy transfer(ET)processes such as optical reabsorption and cross-relaxation can affect the Nd^(3+)emission,which has been little explored in the ***,the present work investigated the use of Nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glass(samples doped with Nd^(3+)at 0.2 mol%,0.5 mol%,2.0 mol%,and 4.0 mol%)in fluorescence thermometers,in the temperature range from 299 to 371 *** results indicate a strong dependence of the FIR parameters on the Nd^(3+)concentration,due to changes in the emission band profiles caused by optical reabsorption of the Nd^(3+)emissions and cross-relaxation processes.A decrease of the relative sensitivity of the ratio^(4)F_(5/2)→^(4)I_(9/2)/^(4)F_(3/2)→^(4)I_(9/2)is observed for samples doped with higher amounts of Nd^(3+).The maximum relative sensitivity at 299 K is 3.00%/K,which is the highest value among the reported Nd^(3+)ions.

关键词： Nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glass Fluorescence intensity ratio Optical thermometry Judd-Ofelt Rare earths

Deformable microlaser force sensing

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1196-1209页

作者： Eleni Dalaka Joseph Shill Jonathan h.h.Booth Anna Popczyk Stefan R.Pulver Malte c.Gather Marcel Schubert centre of Biophotonics SUPASchool of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of St AndrewsNorth HaughSt AndrewsUK humboldt centre for Nano-and Biophotonics Department of ChemistryUniversity of CologneKölnGermany School of Psychology and Neuroscience University of St AndrewsSt Mary’s QuadSouth StreetSt AndrewsUK Institute for Bioengineering of catalonia BarcelonaSpain

Mechanical forces are key regulators of cellular behavior and function,affecting many fundamental biological processes such as cell migration,embryogenesis,immunological responses,and pathological *** force sensors and imaging techniques have been developed to quantify these otherwise invisible forces in single cells and in ***,current techniques rely heavily on high-resolution microscopy and do not allow interrogation of optically dense tissue,reducing their application to 2D cell cultures and highly transparent biological ***,we introduce DEFORM,deformable microlaser force sensing,a spectroscopic technique that detects sub-nanonewton forces with unprecedented spatio-temporal *** is based on the spectral analysis of laser emission from dye-doped oil microdroplets and uses the force-induced lifting of laser mode degeneracy in these droplets to detect nanometer *** validation by atomic force microscopy and development of a model that links changes in laser spectrum to applied force,DEFORM is used to measure forces in 3D and at depths of hundreds of microns within tumor spheroids and late-stage Drosophila *** furthermore show continuous force sensing with single-cell spatial and millisecond temporal resolution,thus paving the way for non-invasive studies of biomechanical forces in advanced stages of embryogenesis,tissue remodeling,and tumor invasion.

关键词： invasion otherwise hundreds

Synchronized off-harmonic probe laser with highly variable pulse duration for laser-plasma interaction experiments

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high Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 99-107页

作者： J.hornung Y.Zobus h.Lorenté c.Brabetz B.Zielbauer V.Bagnoud GSI helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Gmbh DarmstadtGermany Institut d’Optique UniversitéParis-SaclayPalaiseauFrance Institut für Angewandte Physik Technische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany

This paper presents the development and experimental utilization of a synchronized off-harmonic laser system designed as a probe for ultra-intense laser±plasma interaction experiments. The system exhibits a novel seed-generation design,allowing for a variable pulse duration spanning over more than three orders of magnitude, from 3.45 picoseconds to 10 nanoseconds. This makes it suitable for various plasma diagnostics and visualization techniques. In a side-view configuration, the laser was employed for interferometry and streaked shadowgraphy of a laser-induced plasma while successfully suppressing the self-emission background of the laser±plasma interaction, resulting in a signal-to-self-emission ratio of 110 for this setup. These properties enable the probe to yield valuable insights into the plasma dynamics and interactions at the PhELIX facility and to be deployed at various laser facilities due to its easy-to-implement design.

关键词： interferometry laser-plasma interaction off-harmonic probe laser streaked shadowgraphy

Genomic Mosaicism of the Brain:Origin,Impact,and Utility

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第6期40卷 759-776页

作者： Jared h.Graham Johannes c.M.Schlachetzki Xiaoxu Yang Martin W.Breuss Department of Pediatrics Section of Clinical Genetics and MetabolismUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAurora80045-2581COUSA Department of cellular and Molecular Medicine University of California San DiegoLa Jolla92093-0021San DiegoCAUSA Department of Neurosciences University of California San DiegoLa Jolla92093-0021San DiegoCAUSA Rady children’s Institute for Genomic Medicine San Diego92123CAUSA

Genomic mosaicism describes the phenomenon where some but not all cells within a tissue harbor unique genetic ***,research focused on the impact of genomic mosaicism on clinical phenotype—motivated by its involvement in cancers and overgrowth *** recently,we increasingly shifted towards the plethora of neutral mosaic variants that can act as recorders of cellular lineage and environmental ***,we summarize the current state of the field of genomic mosaicism research with a special emphasis on our current understanding of this phenomenon in brain development and *** the field of genomic mosaicism has a rich history,technological advances in the last decade have changed our approaches and greatly improved our *** will provide current definitions and an overview of contemporary detection approaches for genomic ***,we will discuss the impact and utility of genomic mosaicism.

关键词： Genomics Brain development Brain homeostasis Genomic mosaicism

Groundwater vulnerability assessment using a GIS-based DRASTIc method in the Erbil Dumpsite area (Kani Qirzhala), central Erbil Basin, North Iraq

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 16-33页

作者： Masoud h hamed Rebwar N Dara Marios c Kirlas Department of Earth Sciences and Petroleum College of ScienceSalahaddin University-ErbilErbilIraq Department of Petroleum Engineering College of EngineeringKnowledge UniversityErbilIraq Department of Agriculture Faculty of AgricultureForestry and Natural EnvironmentAristotle University of Thessaloniki

Groundwater vulnerability assessment is a crucial step in the efficient management of groundwater resources,especially in areas with intensive anthropogenic activities and groundwater *** the present study,the DRASTIc method was applied using Geographic Information System(GIS)to delineate groundwater vulnerability zones in the Erbil Dumpsite area,central Erbil Basin,North *** showed that the area was classified into four vulnerability classes:Very low(16.97%),low(27.67%),moderate(36.55%)and high(18.81%).The southern,south-eastern and northern parts of the study area exhibited the highest vulnerability potential,while the central-northern,northern and north-western regions displayed the lowest vulnerability ***,results of the single-parameter sensitivity analysis indicated that amongst the seven DRASTIc parameters,the unsaturated zone and the aquifer media were the most influencing *** conclustion,the correlation of 25 nitrate concentration values with the final vulnerability map,assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient,yielded a satisfactory result of R=0.72.

关键词： DRASTIc Erbil Iraq Groundwater vulnerability assessment Nitrate Pollution Sensitivity analysis

Net effect of air pollution controls on health risk in the Beijing-Tianjin-hebei region during the 2022 winter Olympics and Paralympics

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 560-569页

作者： changqing Lin Peter K.K.Louie Alexis K.h.Lau Jimmy c.h.Fung Zibing Yuan Minghui Tao Xuguo Zhang Md.Shakhaoat hossain chengcai Li Xiang Qian Lao Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Environmental Protection Department Hong Kong Government SARHong KongChina Department of civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Guangdong-hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Department of Mathematics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina School of Environment and Energy South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China hubei Key Laboratory of critical Zone Evolution School of Geography and Information EngineeringChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Public health and Informatics Jahangirnagar UniversityDhaka 1342Bangladesh Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Jockey club School of Public health and Primary care The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Due to the non-linearity in ozone(O_(3))formation,reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))may increase O_(3) *** the counteractive O_(3) response to NO_(x) reduction,overall impact of air pollution controls can be ambiguous when the assessments focus on the changes in pollutant *** this study,a risk-based method was used to gauge the net effect of air pollution controls on mortality risk in the Beijing–Tianjin–hebei(BTh)region during the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics(WOP).This mega-event presents a unique opportunity to investigate the efficacy of deep cuts in pollutant *** show that O_(3) concentrations greatly increased as nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))concentrations decreased in the *** to the active photochemical formations,O_(3) became the dominant pollutant that affected human health during the *** the substantial O_(3) increases,the health benefits of NO_(2) reductions overwhelmed the adverse health effects of O_(3) increases in most regions of the BTh(at 81 out of 112 stations).After considering the impacts of particulate matter,the integrated health risk of air pollution mixtures declined almost everywhere in the *** results underscore the great necessity of changing the assessment paradigm of pollution control from using concentration-based methods to using risk-based *** with the carbon neutrality policy,stringent control of NO_(x)emission from combustion sources is a promising way to achieve synergistic control solutions for air pollution and climate change.

关键词： Ozone Nitrogen dioxide health risk carbon neutrality Mega-events

cr-induced fusion reactions to synthesize superheavy elements

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 122-130页

作者： S.Madhu h.c.Manjunatha N.Sowmya B.M.Rajesh L.Seenappa R.S.Susheela Department of Physics R V College of EngineeringBangalore 560074India Visvesvaraya Technological University BelagaviKarnataka 590018India Department of Physics Government First Grade CollegeSrinivasapurKarnataka 563135India Department of Physics Government First Grade CollegeDevanahallyKarnataka 562110India Department of Physics Government First Grade CollegeMulbagalKarnataka 563131India Department of Physics Government First Grade collegeNanjangudOoty RoadMysore 571301India

We investigated ^(50,52-54)cr-induced fusion reactions for the synthesis of the superheavy element in the 104≤Z≤122 *** cross sections produced in this investigation using ^(54)cr projectiles were compared with those obtained in prior *** estimated cross sections from this analysis are consistent with the findings of prior *** the current study,the predicted cross section was found to be 42fb at 236 MeV for ^(53)cr+^(243)Am,23.2 fb at 236 MeV for ^(54)cr+^(247)cm,95.6 fb at 240 MeV for ^(53)cr+248Bk,and 1.33 fb at 242 MeV for ^(53)cr+***,these projected cross sections with excitation energy and beam energy will be useful in future cr-induced fusion reaction investigations.

关键词： Fusion cross sections compound nucleus formation probability Survival probability Evaporation residue cross sections