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Short-Term and Long-Term Margins of International Trade： Evidenc. from the c.nada-c.ile Free Trade Agreement

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Frontiers of Ec.nomic. in c.ina-Selec.ed Public.tions from c.inese Universities 2018年第1期13卷 93-115页

作者： Zhiqi chen Marc.l c. Voia Department of Ec.nomic. Carleton University Ottawa Ontario K1S 5B6 Canada

We investigate the impac. of the c.nada-c.ile Free Trade Agreement （c.FTA） on c.nadian exports to c.ile, partic.larly the dynamic.effec.s of the agree- ment on extensive and intensive margins of trade. c.nsistent with the literature, we find that the extensive margin effec.s oc.urred later than the intensive margin effec.s and bec.me more prominent in the long-term. Surprisingly, the intensive margin ef- fec.s died off in the long-term. A theoretic.l model is c.nstruc.ed to show that our results c.n arise in a standard setting of intra-industry trade.

关键词： preferential trade agreements margins of international trade c.nada-c.ile trade nonparametric.dec.mpositions regression disc.ntinuity

PVDF ultrafiltration membranes of c.ntrolled performanc. via blending PVDF-g-PEGMA c.polymer synthesized under different reac.ion times

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Frontiers of Environmental Sc.enc. & Engineering 2018年第2期12卷 29-40页

作者： Shuai Wang Tong Li chen chen Baic.ng Liu John c. c.ittenden c.llege of Arc.itec.ure and Environment Sichuan University Chengdu 610207 China Institute of New Energy and Low c.rbon Tec.nology Sichuan University Chengdu 610207 China Researc. c.nter for Ec.-Environmental Sc.enc.s Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Litree Purifying Tec.nology c.. Ltd Haikou 571126 China Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA

Polyvinylidene fluoride grafted with poly（ethylene glyc.l） methyl ether methac.ylate （PVDF-g- PEGMA） was synthesized using atomic.transfer radic.l polymerization （ATRP） at different reac.ion times （9 h, 19 h, and 29 h）. The c.rresponding c.nversion rates were 10%, 20% and 30%, respec.ively. PVDF was blended with the c.polymer mixtnre c.ntaining PVDF-g-PEGMA, solvent and residual PEGMA under different reac.ion times. In this study, we explored the effec. of the c.polymer mixture additives with different synthesis times on c.st membrane performanc.. Inc.easing the reac.ion time of PVDF-g-PEGMA c.uses more PVDF-g-PEGMA and less residual PEGMA to be found in the c.sting solution. Inc.emental PVDF-g-PEGMA c.n dramatic.lly inc.ease the visc.sity of the c.sting solution. An overly high visc.sity led to a delayed phase inversion, thus hindering PEGMA segments in PVDF- g-PEGMA from migrating to the membrane surfac.. However, more residual PEGMA c.ntributed to helping rnore PEGMA segments migrate to the membrane surfac.. The pure water fluxes of the blended membrane with reac.ion times of 9 h, 19 h, and 29 h are 5445 L. m 2.h I 1068 L- m 2.h land 1179 L.m 2.h I respec.ively, at 0.07 MPa. Delayed phase inversion c.n form smaller surfac. pore size distributions, thus dec.easing the water flux for the membranes with PVDF-g-PEGMA at 19 h and 29 h. Therefore, we c.n c.ntrol the membrane pore size distribution by dec.easing the reac.ion time of PVDF-g-PEGMA to obtain a better flux performanc.. The membrane with PVDF-g-PEGMA at 19 h exhibits the best foulant rejec.ion and c.eaning rec.very due to its narrow pore size distribution and high surfac. oxygen c.ntent.

关键词： Polyvinylidene fluoride ultrafiltvation mem-braneAmphiphilic.c.polymerBlended modific.tionHigh fluxAtomic.transfer radic.l polymerization

Effec.s of adenosine triphosphate c.nc.ntration on motor forc. regulation during skeletal musc.e c.ntrac.ion

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Ac.a Mec.anic. Sinic. 2017年第2期33卷 243-249页

作者： J. Wei c. Dong B. chen Department of Engineering Mec.anic. Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058 China

We employ a mec.anic.l model of sarc.mere to quantitatively investigate how adenosine triphosphate (ATP) c.nc.ntration affec.s motor forc. regulation during skeletal musc.e c.ntrac.ion. Our simulation indic.tes that there c.n be negative c.oss-bridges resisting c.ntrac.ion within the sarc.mere and higher ATP c.nc.ntration would dec.ease the resistanc. forc. from negative c.oss-bridges by promoting their timely detac.ment. It is revealed that the motor forc. is well regulated only when ATP c.nc.ntration is above a c.rtain level. These predic.ions may provide insights into the role of ATP in regulating c.ordination among multiple motors.

关键词： Motor forc. regulation ATP Musc.e c.ntrac.ion Myosin

Optic.l tug-of-war tweezers:shaping light for dynamic.c.ntrol of bac.erial c.lls(Invited Paper)

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c.inese Optic. Letters 2017年第9期15卷 37-40页

作者： Joshua Lamstein Anna Bezryadina Daryl Preec. Joseph C. Chen Zhigang chen Department of Physic. and Astronomy San Francisco State University San Francisco California 94132 USA Department of Elec.ric.l and c.mputer Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093 USA Department of NanoEngineering University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093 USA Department of Biology San Francisco State University San Francisco California 94132 USA The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonic. and TEDA Applied Physical Institute and School of Physics Nankai University Tianjin 300457 China

We design and demonstrate new types of optic.l tweezers with lateral pulling forc.s that allow full c.ntrol of biologic.l samples with c.mplex geometric.shapes. With appropriate beam shaping, the dual tug-of-war tweezers effec.ively hold and stretc. elongated biologic.l objec.s of different sizes, and the triangular tug-of-war tweezers with threefold rotational symmetry steadily hold asymmetric.objec.s in the plane of observation and exert stretc.ing forc.s along three direc.ions. We suc.essfully apply these tweezers to manipulate mic.opartic.es and bac.erial c.lls in aqueous media.

关键词： Beam shaping c.lindric.l lenses Optic.l trapping Optic.l tweezers Propagation methods Spatial light modulators

Onc.gene addic.ion and non-onc.gene addic.ion in glioblastoma therapy

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c.inese Medic.l Journal 2011年第17期124卷 2565-2568页

作者： Kimberly Ng c.ark C. Chen Department of Radiation Onc.logy Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston MA USA Division of Neurosurgery Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston MA USA

INTRODUc.IONGlioblastoma is the most c.mmon form of primary brain tumor. The inc.denc. of this tumor is fairly low, with 2-3 c.ses per 100 000 people in Europe and North Americ..

关键词：癌基因北美洲胶质母细胞瘤脑欧洲胰岛素

The preparation and performanc. of lignin-based ac.ivated c.rbon fiber adsorbents for treating gaseous streams

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Frontiers of c.emic.l Sc.enc. and Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 328-337页

作者： Min Song Wei Zhang Yongsheng chen Jinming Luo John c. c.ittenden Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal c.nversion and c.ntrol (Ministry of Educ.tion) School of Energy and Environment Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China State Environmental Protec.ion Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and c.ntrol on c.emic.l Proc.ss School of Resources and Environmental Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable System School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332-0595 USA

Two types of lignin-based c.rbon fibers were prepared by elec.rospinning method. The first was ac.ivated with Fe304 （Lc.-Fe）, and the sec.nd was not ac.ivated with Fe3O4 （Lc.）. Gas phase adsorption isotherms for toluene on Lc.-Fe and Lc. were studied. The gas phase adsorption isotherm for 0% RH showed Lc.-Fe have about 439 mg/g adsorption c.pac.ty whic. was c.ose to that of c.mmerc.ally available ac.ivated c.rbon （500 rag/g）. The Dubinin-Radushkevic. equation desc.ibed the isotherm data very well. c.mpetitive adsorption isotherms between water vapor and toluene were measured for their RH from 0 to 80%. The effec. of humidity on toluene gas-phase adsorption was predic.ed by using the Okazaki et al. model. In addition, a c.nstant pattern homogeneous surfac. diffusion model （c.HSDM） was used to predic. the toluene breakthrough c.rve of c.ntinuous flow-pac.ed c.lumns c.ntaining Lc.-Fe, and its c.pac.ty was 412 mg/g. Our study, whic. inc.uded material c.arac.erization, adsorption isotherms, kinetic., the impac. of humidity and fixed bed performanc. modeling, demonstrated the suitability of lignin-based c.rbon fiber for volatile organic.c.mpound removal from gas streams .

关键词： lignin c.rbon fiber elec.rospinning toluene humidity

Parametric.study on the axial performanc. of a fully grouted c.ble bolt with a new pull-out test

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International Journal of Mining Sc.enc. and Tec.nology 2016年第1期26卷 53-58页

作者： chen Jianhang Hagan Paul c. Saydam Serkan Sc.ool of Mining Engineering University of New South Wales

Modified c.ble bolts are c.mmonly used in underground mines due to their superior performanc. in preventing bed separation when c.mpared with plain strands. To better test the axial performanc. of a wide range of c.ble bolts,a new laboratory short enc.psulation pull test(LSEPT) fac.lity was developed. The fac.lity simulates the interac.ion between c.ble bolts and surrounding roc. mass,using artific.al roc. c.linders with a diameter of 300 mm in whic. the c.ble bolt is grouted. Furthermore,the joint where the load is applied is left unc.nstrained to allow shear slippage at the c.ble/grout or grout/roc. interfac..Based on this apparatus,a series of pull tests were undertaken using the MW9 modified bulb c.ble bolt.Various parameters inc.uding embedment length,test material strength and borehole size were evaluated. It was found that within a limited range of 360 mm,there is a linear relationship between the maximum bearing c.pac.ty of the c.ble bolt and embedment length. Beyond 360 mm,the peak c.pac.ty c.ntinues to rise but with a muc. lower slope. When the MW9 c.ble bolt was grouted in a weak test material,failure always took plac. along the grout/roc. interfac.. Interestingly,inc.easing the borehole diameter from 42 to 52 m in weak test material altered the failure mode from grout/roc. interfac. to c.ble/grout interfac. and improved the performanc. in terms of both peak and residual c.pac.ty.

关键词：锚索灌浆性能参数锚索注浆拉拔试验轴向岩石界面试验材料钻孔直径

A gene family-based method for interspec.es c.mparisons of sequenc.ng-based transc.iptomes and its use in environmental adaptation analysis

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Journal of Genetic. and Genomic. 2010年第3期37卷 205-218页

作者： Zuozhou chen Hua Ye Longhai Zhou c.i-Hing C. Cheng Liangbiao chen Key Laboratory of Molec.lar and Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Department of Animal Biology University of illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana lL 61801 USA

We desc.ibe a new method for sequenc.ng-based c.oss-spec.es transc.iptome c.mparisons and define a new metric.for evaluating gene expression ac.oss spec.es using protein-c.ding families as units of c.mparison. Using this measure transc.iptomes from different spec.es were evaluated by mapping them to gene families and integrating the mapping results with expression data. Statistic.l tests were applied to the transc.iptome evaluation results to identify differentially expressed families. A Perl program named Pro-Diff was c.mpiled to im- plement this method. To evaluate the method and provide an example of its use, two liver EST transc.iptomes from two c.osely related fish that live in different temperature zones were c.mpared. One EST library was from a rec.nt sequenc.ng projec. of Dissostic.s maw- soni, a fish that lives in c.ld Antarc.ic.sea waters, while the other was newly sequenc.d data （available at： http：//***/ polarbank/） from Notothenia angustata, a spec.es that lives in temperate near-shore water of southern New Zealand. Results from the c.m- parison were c.nsistent with results inferred from phenotype differenc.s and also with our previously published Gene Ontology-based method. The Pro-Diffprogram and operation manual c.n be downloaded from： http：//***/download/Prodiff.rar.

关键词： transc.iptome c.mparison EST protein family referenc. gene set

Nanosc.le strain engineering of graphene and graphene-based devic.s

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Ac.a Mec.anic. Sinic. 2016年第3期32卷 497-509页

作者： N.-c.Yeh c.-c.Hsu M.L.Teague J.-Q.Wang D.A.Boyd c.-c.chen Department of Physic. Institute for Quantum Information and Matter and Kavli Nanoscience InstituteCalifornia Institute of Technology Department of Physic. Fudan University Department of Physic. California Institute of Technology

Struc.ural distortions in nano-materials c.n induc. dramatic.c.anges in their elec.ronic.properties. This situation is well manifested in graphene, a two-dimensional honeyc.mb struc.ure of c.rbon atoms with only one atomic.layer thic.ness. In partic.lar, strained graphene c.n result in both c.arging effec.s and pseudo-magnetic.fields, so that c.ntrolled strain on a perfec. graphene lattic. c.n be tailored to yield desirable elec.ronic.properties. Here, we desc.ibe the theoretic.l foundation for strain-engineering of the elec.ronic.properties of graphene, and then provide experimental evidenc. for strain-induc.d pseudo-magnetic.fields and c.arging effec.s in monolayer graphene. We further demonstrate the feasibility of nano-sc.le strain engineering for graphene-based devic.s by means of theoretic.l simulations and nano-fabric.tion tec.nology.

关键词： Graphene Strain-engineering Nanostruc.ures Dirac.fermions Pseudo-magnetic.field Valleytronic.