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Osteoblast integration of dental implant materials after challenge by sub-gingival pathogens: a co-culture study in vitro

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International Journal of Oral Science 2015年第4期7卷 250-258页

作者： Bingran Zhao Henny c van der Mei Minie Rustema-Abbing Henk J Busscher Yijin Ren Department of Orthodontics University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen

Sub-gingival anaerobic pathogens can colonize an implant surface to compromise osseointegration of dental implants once the soft tissue seal around the neck of an implant is broken. In vitro evaluations of implant materials are usually done in monoculture studies involving either tissue integration or bacterial colonization. co-culture models, in which tissue cells and bacteria battle simultaneously for estate on an implant surface, have been demonstrated to provide a better in vitro mimic of the clinical situation. Here we aim to compare the surface coverage by U2OS osteoblasts cells prior to and after challenge by two anaerobic sub-gingival pathogens in a co-culture model on differently modified titanium （Ti）, titanium-zirconium （TiZr） alloys and zirconia surfaces. Monoculture studies with either U2OS osteoblasts or bacteria were also carried out and indicated significant differences in biofilm formation between the implant materials, but interactions with U2OS osteoblasts were favourable on all materials. Adhering U2OS osteoblasts cells, however, were significantly more displaced from differently modified Ti surfaces by challenging sub-gingival pathogens than from TiZr alloys and zirconia variants. combined with previous work employing a co-culture model consisting of human gingival fibroblasts and supra-gingival oral bacteria, results point to a different material selection to stimulate the formation of a soft tissue seal as compared to preservation of osseointegration under the unsterile conditions of the oral cavity.

关键词： biofilm co-culture dental implant osteoblasts sub-gingival pathogens titanium-zirconium alloy

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Process Tolerant and Power Efficient SRAM cell for Internet of Things Applications

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computers, Materials & continua 2022年第8期72卷 3425-3446页

作者： T.G.Sargunam Lim Way Soong c.M.R.Prabhu Ajay Kumar Singh Faculty of Engineering and Technology Multimedia UniversityMelaka75450Malaysia School of Engineering and computing Manipal International UniversityNilai71800Malaysia Electronics and communication Engineering Department NIIT UniversityNeemarana301705India

The use of Internet of Things(IoT)applications become dominant in many *** on-chip data processing and computations are also increasing *** battery enabled and low leakage memory system at subthreshold regime is a critical requirement for these IoT *** cache memory designed on Static Random-Access Memory(SRAM)cell with features such as low power,high speed,and process tolerance are highly important for the IoT memory ***,a process tolerant SRAM cell with low power,improved delay and better stability is presented in this research *** proposed cell comprises 11 transistors designed with symmetric approach for write operations and single ended circuit for read operations that exhibits an average dynamic power saving of 43.55%and 47.75%for write and 35.59%and 36.56%for read operations compared to 6 T and 8 T SRAM *** cell shows an improved write delay of 26.46%and 37.16%over 6 T and 8T and read delay is lowered by 50.64%and 72.90%against 6 T and 10 T *** symmetric design used in core latch to improve the write noise margin(WNM)by 17.78%and 6.67%whereas the single ended separate read circuit improves the Read Static Noise Margin(RSNM)by 1.88x and 0.33x compared to 6 T and 8T *** read power delay product and write power delay product are lower by 1.94x,1.39x and 0.17x,2.02x than 6 T and 8 T cells *** lower variability from 5000 samples validates the robustness of the proposed *** simulations are carried out in cadence virtuoso simulator tool with Generic Process Design Kit(GPDK)45 nm technology file in this work.

关键词： SRAM cell low power process efficient read stability write ability static noise margin PVT variation internet of things

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HYDROGEN EFFEcT ON DEFORMATION BEHMIOR OF TITANIUM ALLOY AT HIGH TEMPERATURE

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1998年第3期11卷 190-196页

作者： c.H.Zhou K.Yang D.F.Li Y.X.Lu Inst of Metal Research The Chinese Acad of Sciences Shenyang China

The effect of hydrogen on the deformation behavior of three typical kinds of titanium alloys, pure Ti, Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-15V-3cr-3Al-3Sn (Ti-15-3), at high temperature has been investigated by short time creep test. XRD and TEM techniques are used to examine the changes in their microstructures. The results show that deformation rutes of pure Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloy can be greatly increased by hydorgen charping due to an increase of β phase volume in their microstructures. β→α transformation is found to occur in unchanged Ti-15-3 alloy during creep process. The addition of 0. 73wt% hydrogen can completely inhibit the deformation-induced transformation and strengthen the metastable β phase in Ti-15-3 alloy, resulting in a dramatic decrease of deformation rate of this alloy at 700° c.

关键词： titanium hydrogen thermal deformation

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EFFEcT OF SUBMERGED ENTRY NOZZLE (SEN) PARAMETERS AND SHAPE ON 3-D FLUID FLOW IN MOULD FOR BEAM BLANK cONTINUOUS cASTING

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2004年第5期17卷 705-712页

作者： Y.P.Du J.W.Yang R.Shi X.c.cui SchoolofMaterialScience TaiyuanUniversityofScience＆TechnologyTaiyuan080024China SchoolofMechanism YanshanUniversityQinghuangdao066004China

According to turbulent theory and characteristics of beam blank continuous casting, 3-D model to represent the flow of beam blank mould is established. The predicted results indicate that the exit obliquity of up 15°(+15°) should be adopted, which will benefit the floatation of non-metallic inclusion and purification of the molten steel. When the nozzle angle is 120°, the flow pattern is reasonable. Proper nozzle depth can be 200mm. Turbulent kinetic of meniscus can be reduced by adopting the square nozzle and suitable area of side outlet when casting speed increases. The results are consistent with those of water model experiment, so the model is exact and reasonable. The model can provide important information for design of SEN and defining of immersion depth.

关键词： SEN parameter SEN shape beam blank continuous casting 3-D flow distribution turbulent kinetic energy

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Gamma and X-ray radiation compatibility of Ti–Ta–Hf–Zr alloys used for coronary stent applications

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2018年第1期29卷 16-22页

作者： L. Seenappa H. c. Manjunatha K. N. Sridhar chikka Hanumantharayappa Department of Physics Government College for WomenKolar Karnataka 563101 India Department of Physics Government First Grade CollegeKolar Karnataka 563101 India Vivekananda Degree college Bangalore Karnataka 560055India Research and Development centre Bharathiar UniversityCoimbatore 641046 India

We have studied the gamma and X-ray radiation compatibility of Ti-based alloys such as Ti–37 Ta–26 Hf–13 Zr-24(wt%) [Alloy 1], Ti–40 Ta–22 Hf–11.7 Zr-26.3(wt%) [Alloy 2], Ti–45 Ta–18.4 Hf–10 Zr-26.6(wt%) [Alloy3], Ti–50 Ta–15 Hf–8 Zr-27(wt%) [Alloy 4], Ti–55 Ta–12 Hf–7 Zr-26(wt%) [Alloy 5], and Ti–60 Ta–10 Hf–5 Zr-25(wt%) [Alloy 6]. Gamma and X-ray radiation compatibility is studied by evaluating the mass attenuation coefficient,mean free path, HVL, TVL effective atomic number,effective electron density, exposure buildup factor, and relative dose. We have compared these parameters for studied alloys with that of arteries. The alloys Ti–55 Ta–12 Hf–7 Zr-26 and Ti–60 Ta–10 Hf–5 Zr-25 have added properties such as gamma/X-ray radiation compatibility,high elastic admissible strain, high mechanical strength,and excellent biocompatibility. Hence, we may suggest that, among Ti–Ta–Hf–Zr alloys, these alloys are best materials for coronary stent applications.

关键词： Stentalloys X-ray Gamma Mass attenuation coefficient

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Insect transmission of plant viruses： Multilayered interactions optimize viral propagation

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Insect Science 2017年第6期24卷 929-946页

作者： Beatriz Dader chrstiane Then Edwige Berthelot Marie Ducousso James c. K. Ng Martin Drucker INRA UMR 385 BGPI (CIRAD-INRA-SupAgroM) Montpellier France Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology and center for Disease Vector Research University of California Riverside USA

By serving as vectors of transmission, insects play a key role in the infection cycle of many plant viruses. Viruses use sophisticated transmission strategies to overcome the spatial barrier separating plants and the impediment imposed by the plant cell wall. Interactions among insect vectors, viruses, and host plants mediate transmission by integrating all organizational levels, from molecules to populations. Best-examined on the molecular scale are two basic transmission modes wherein virus-vector interactions have been well characterized. Whereas association of virus particles with specific sites in the vector＇s mouthparts or in alimentary tract regions immediately posterior to them is required for noncirculative transmission, the cycle of particles through the vector body is necessary for circulative transmission. Virus transmission is also determined by interactions that are associated with changes in vector feeding behaviors and with alterations in plant host＇s morphology and/or metabolism that favor the attraction or deterrence of vectors. A recent concept in virus-host-vector interactions proposes that when vectors land on infected plants, vector elicitors and effectors ＂inform＂ the plants of the confluence of interacting entities and trigger signaling pathways and plant defenses. Simultaneously, the plant responses may also influence virus acquisition and inoculation by vectors. Over- all, a picture is emerging where transmission depends on multilayered virus-vector-host interactions that define the route of a virus through the vector, and on the manipulation of the host and the vector. These interactions guarantee virus propagation until one or more of the interactants undergo changes through evolution or are halted by environmental interventions.

关键词： arbovirus defense host plant insect vector interactions plant virus transmission

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The friction of diamond-like carbon coatings in a water environment

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Friction 2013年第3期1卷 210-221页

作者： D.c.SUTton G.LIMBERT D.STEWART R.J.K.WOOD National centre for Advanced Tribology at Southampton(ncATS) Engineering SciencesFaculty of Engineering and the EnvironmentUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonSO171BJUK Bioengineering Science Research Group Engineering SciencesFaculty of Engineering and the EnvironmentUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonSO171BJUK Materials Chemistry and CorrosionRolls-RoyceDerbyDE217XXUK

Diamond-like carbon(DLc)coatings are known to provide beneficial mechanical and tribological properties in harsh *** combination of high wear resistance and low friction has led to their extensive use in any number of *** tribological performance of a DLc coating is varied however,and the frictional response is known to be strongly dependent on the surrounding environment,as well as the material composition and bonding structure of the DLc *** paper presents an up-to-date review on the friction of DLc coatings in a water environment,with a special focus on transfer layer formation and tribochemistry.

关键词： friction diamond-like carbon(DLc) water transfer layer tribochemistry review

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Sodium lanthanide fluoride core-shell nanocrystals： A general perspective on epitaxial shell growth

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Nano Research 2013年第8期6卷 547-561页

作者： Noah J. J. Johnson Frank c. J. M. van Veggel Department of chemistry University ofVictoria P.O. Box3065 Victoria British Columbia Canada V8W 3V6

Understanding the structural characteristics and growth mechanism（s） are essen-tial for generating core-shell nano-heterostructures with distinctive properties. Especially in lanthanide-based nanocrystals, rational design of the core-shell composition can be utilized to enhance/tune the optical properties of the final nanostructure, or can be used to integrate multiple functional applications （e.g., luminescent/magnetic）. In this article, we review the progress in our current understanding of the epitaxial shell growth in sodium lanthanide fluoride （NaLnF4） nanocrystals. In order to understand epitaxial shell growth the core nanocrystals have to be uniform, and to date the synthesis of high quality near uniform size/shape dispersion controlled synthesis of lanthanide-based nanocrystals has been achieved mainly with this class of nanocrystals. The progress in core-shell synthesis and the epitaxial shell growth mechanism in this class of nanocrystals （NaLnF4） are reviewed, and a general perspective is provided on the core-shell morphology based on different characterization techniques. While there has been tremendous progress in studying the impact of core-shell structures in various functional applications, this review also highlights, in our view, the still limited understanding of ways to control the core-shell morphology and it emphasizes some important, unanswered questions that remain to be addressed to maximize their performance.

关键词： upconvertingnanocrystals core-shell lanthanides epitaxy

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F-Actin reassembly during focal adhesion impacts single cell mechanics and nanoscale membrane structure

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Science china chemistry 2012年第9期55卷 1922-1930页

作者： ZIMMER christopher c SHI LiFang SHIH YiPing LI JieRen JIN LeeWay LO SuHao LIU GangYu Department of chemistry University of California Davis CA 95616 USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Center.for Tissue Regeneration and Repair University of California Davis Medical Center Sacramento CA 95817 USA M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ' Alzheimer's Disease Center University of California Davis Medical Center Sacramento CA 95817 USA

Focal adhesions play an important role in cell spreading,migration,and overall mechanical *** relationship of cell structural and mechanical properties was investigated in the context of focal adhesion *** atomic force microscopy(AFM) and laser scanning confocal microscopy(LScM) was utilized to measure single cell mechanics,in correlation with cellular morphology and membrane structures at a nanometer *** stages of focal adhesion were verified via confocal fluorescent studies,which confirmed three representative F-actin assemblies,actin dot,filaments network,and long and aligned fibrous bundles at ***-deformation profiles of living cells were measured at the single cell level,and displayed as a function of height deformation,relative height deformation and relative volume *** focal adhesion progresses,single cell compression profiles indicate that both membrane and cytoskeleton stiffen,while spreading increases especially from focal complex to focal ***,AFM imaging reveals morphological geometries of spherical cap,spreading with polygon boundaries,and elongated or polarized *** features are dominated by protrusions of 41-207 nm tall,short rods with 1-6 μm in length and 10.2-80.0 nm in height,and long fibrous features of 31-246 nm tall,*** protrusion is attributed to local membrane folding,and the rod and fibrous features are consistent with bilayer decorating over the F-actin *** collectively,the reassembly of F-actin during focal adhesion formation is most likely responsible for the changes in cellular mechanics,spreading morphology,and membrane structural features.

关键词： focal adhesion actin fibers actin assembly fibroblast membrane structure single cell mechanics atomic forcemicroscopy laser scanning confocal microscopy

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Machine Learning Models of Plastic Flow Based on Representation Theory

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computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2018年第12期117卷 309-342页

作者： R.E.Jones J.A.Templeton c.M.Sanders J.T.Ostien Sandia National Laboratories P.O.Box 969LivermoreCA 94551USA.

We use machine learning(ML)to infer stress and plastic flow rules using data from representative polycrystalline *** particular,we use so-called deep(multilayer)neural networks(NN)to represent the two response *** ML process does not choose appropriate inputs or outputs,rather it is trained on selected inputs and ***,its discrimination of features is crucially connected to the chosen inputoutput ***,we draw upon classical constitutive modeling to select inputs and enforce well-accepted symmetries and other *** the context of the results of numerous simulations,we discuss the design,stability and accuracy of constitutive NNs trained on typical experimental *** these developments,we enable rapid model building in real-time with experiments,and guide data collection and feature discovery.

关键词： Machine learning constitutive modeling plasticity invariance.

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