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Selective inhibition of cell growth by activin in SNU-16 cells

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第19期12卷 3000-3005页

作者： Young Il Kim Hee Joo Lee Inkoo Khang byung-nam cho Ha Kyu Lee East-West Medical Research Institute Kyung Hee University SeoulSouth Korea Department of Laboratory Medicine Kyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea School of Biological Sciences Seoul National University SeoulSouth Korea Department of Life Sciences The Catholic University of Korea PuchonSouth Korea

AIM： To investigate whether activin regulates the cell proliferation of human gastric cancer cell line SNU-16 through the mRNA changes in activin receptors, Smads and p21^CIP1/WAF1. METHODS： The human gastric cancer cell lines were cultured, RNAs were purified, and RT-PCRs were carried out with specifically designed primer for each gene. Among them, the two cell lines SNU-5 and SNU-16 were cultured with activin A for 24, 48 and 72 h. The cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay. For SNU-16, changes in ActRIA, ActRIB, ActRIIA, ActRIIB, Smad2, Smad4, Smad7, and p21^CIP1/WAF1 mRNAs were detected with RT-PCR after the cells were cultured with activin A for 24, 48 and 72 h. RESULTS： The proliferation of SNU-16 cells was down regulated by activin A whereas other cells showed no change. Basal level of inhibin/activin subunits, activin receptors, Smads, and p21^CIP1/WAF1 except for activin βB mRNAs was observed to have differential expression patterns in the human gastric cancer cell lines, AGS, KATO III, SNU-1, SNU-5, SNU-16, SNU-484, SNU-601, SNU-638, SNU-668, and SNU-719. Interestingly, significantly higher expressions of ActR IIA and IIB mRNAs were observed in SNU-16 cells when compared to other cells. After activin treatment, ActR IA, IB, and IIA mRNA levels were decreased whereas ActR IIB mRNA level increased in SNU-16 cells. Smad4 mRNA increased for up to 48 h whereas Smad7 mRNA increased sharply at 24 h and returned to the initial level at 48 h in SNU-16 cells. In addition, expression of the p21^CIP1/WAF1 the mitotic inhibitor, peaked at 72 h after activin treatment in SNU-16 cells. CONCLUSION： Our results suggest that inhibition of cell growth by activin is regulated by the negative feedback effect of Smad7 on the activin signaling pathway, and is mediated through p21^CIP1/WAF1 activation in SNU-16 cells.

关键词： Human gastric cancer cell lines, Activin A Cell proliferation Activin receptors Smads p21^CIP1/WAF1

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High mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system:regeneration hidden beneath inflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 107-115页

作者： Hanki Kim Bum Jun Kim Seungyon Koh Hyo Jin cho Xuelian Jin byung Gon Kim Jun Young choi Department of Brain Science Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Biomedical Sciences Ajou University Graduate School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Neurology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Geriatrics The Affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuqianJiangsu ProvinceChina

High-mobility group box 1 was first discovered in the calf thymus as a DNA-binding nuclear protein and has been widely studied in diverse fields,including neurology and ***-mobility group box 1 in the extracellular space functions as a pro-inflammatory damage-associated molecular pattern,which has been proven to play an important role in a wide variety of central nervous system disorders such as ischemic stroke,Alzheimer’s disease,frontotemporal dementia,Parkinson’s disease,multiple sclerosis,epilepsy,and traumatic brain *** drugs that inhibit high-mobility group box 1 as a damage-associated molecular pattern,such as glycyrrhizin,ethyl pyruvate,and neutralizing anti-high-mobility group box 1 antibodies,are commonly used to target high-mobility group box 1 activity in central nervous system *** it is commonly known for its detrimental inflammatory effect,high-mobility group box 1 has also been shown to have beneficial pro-regenerative roles in central nervous system *** this narrative review,we provide a brief summary of the history of high-mobility group box 1 research and its characterization as a damage-associated molecular pattern,its downstream receptors,and intracellular signaling pathways,how high-mobility group box 1 exerts the repair-favoring roles in general and in the central nervous system,and clues on how to differentiate the pro-regenerative from the pro-inflammatory *** targeting high-mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system may benefit from differentiating between the two functions rather than overall suppression of high-mobility group box 1.

关键词： central nervous system damage-associated molecular pattern ethyl pyruvate glycyrhizzin high mobility group box 1 inflammation neural stem cells neurodevelopment oligodendrocyte progenitor cells redox status regeneration

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ROBUST DESIGN MODELS FOR CUSTOMER-SPECIFIED BOUNDS ON PROCESS PARAMETERS

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2006年第1期15卷 2-18页

作者： Sangmun SHIN byung Rae cho Department of Systems Management&Engineering Inje University GimhaeKyung Nam 621-749South Korea Department of Industrial Engineering Clemson University ClemsonSouth Carolina 29634USA

Robust design (RD) has received much attention from researchers and practitioners for years, and a number of methodologies have been studied in the research community. The majority of existing RD models focus on the minimum variability with a zero bias. However, it is often the case that the customer may specify upper bounds on one of the two process parameters (i.e., the process mean and variance). In this situation, the existing RD models may not work efficiently in incorporating the customer’s needs. To this end, we propose two simple RD models using the ε?constraint feasible region method - one with an upper bound of process bias specified and the other with an upper bound on process variability specified. We then conduct a case study to analyze the effects of upper bounds on each of the process parameters in terms of optimal operating conditions and mean squared error.

关键词： Robust design Process bias process variability response surface methodology ε?constraint method optimization

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Numerical Analysis of Secondary Cooling in Continuous Slab Casting

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2008年第3期24卷 389-390页

作者： Kee-Hyeon cho byung-Moon Kim Research Institute of Industrial Science & Technology GyeongBuk Regional Stragetic Agency for Innovation

In the present study, a numerical optimization program has been developed for predicting the optimal secondary cooling patterns in a continuous slab caster. Optimization strategy using Broydon-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno （13FGS） method is carried out by determining the constant heat transfer coefficients in each spray zone, which could satisfy the casting conditions and metallurgical criteria specified by the engineer. From the present results, it is found that even a slight variation in the pouring temperature, allowable surface temperature, and casting speed could give rise to the changes in the cooling pattern throughout the spray zones.

关键词： Continuous casting Secondary cooling Optimization

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DEVELOPMENT OF REALISTIC QUALITY LOSS FUNCTIONS FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2006年第4期15卷 385-398页

作者： Abdul-Baasit SHAIBU byung Rae cho Advanced Quality Engineering Laboratory Department of Industrial Engineering Clemson University Clemson South Carolina SC 29634 U.S.A

A number of quality loss functions, most recently the Taguchi loss function, have been developed to quantify the loss due to the deviation of product performance from the desired target value. All these loss functions assume the same loss at the specified specification limits. In many real life industrial applications, however, the losses at the two different specifications limits are often not the same. Further, current loss functions assume a product should be reworked or scrapped if product performance falls outside the specification limits. It is a common practice in many industries to replace a defective item rather than spending resources to repair it, especially if considerable amount of time is required. To rectify these two potential problems, this paper proposes more realistic quality loss functions for proper applications to real-world industrial problems. This paper also carries out a comparison studies of all the loss functions it considers.

关键词： Modified quadratic loss type Ⅰ exponential loss type Ⅱ exponential loss expected loss,within-specification loss out-of-specification loss

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Effects of heavy rainfall on the composition of airborne bacterial communities

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2018年第2期12卷 117-126页

作者： Gwang Il Jang Chung Yeon Hwang byung Cheol cho Microbial Oceanography Laboratory School of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Research Institute of Oceanography Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea Division of Polar Life Sciences Korea Polar Research Institute Incheon 21990 Republic of Korea

Wet deposition scavenges particles and particle-associated bacteria from the air column, but the impact of raindrops on various surfaces on Earth causes emission of surface-associated bacteria into the air column. Thus, after rainfall, these two mechanisms are expected to cause changes in airborne bacterial community composition （BCC）. In this study, aerosol samples were collected at a suburban site in Seoul, Korea before and after three heavy rainfall events in April, May, and July 2011. BCC was investigated by pyrosequencing the 16S rRNA gene in aerosol samples. Interestingly, the relative abundance of non-spore forming Actinobacteria operational taxonomic units （OTUs） was always higher in post-rain aerosol samples. In particular, the absolute and relative abundances of airborne Propionibacteriaceae always increased after rainfall, whereas those of airborne Firmicutes, including Carnobacteriaceae and Clostridiales, consistently decreased. Marine bacterial sequences, which were temporally important in aerosol samples, also decreased after rainfall events. Further, increases in pathogen-like sequences were often observed in post-rain air samples. Rainfall events seemed to affect airborne BCCs by the combined action of the two mechanisms, with potentially adverse effects on human and plant health.

关键词： Aerosol BacteriaCommunity composition PyrosequencingRain

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Adaptive Resource Planning for AI Workloads with Variable Real-Time Tasks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 6823-6833页

作者： Sunhwa Annie nam Kyungwoon cho Hyokyung Bahn Department of Computer Science and Engineering Ewha UniversitySeoul03760Korea Embedded Software Research Center Ewha UniversitySeoul03760Korea

AI(Artificial Intelligence)workloads are proliferating in modernreal-time *** the tasks of AI workloads fluctuate over time,resourceplanning policies used for traditional fixed real-time tasks should be *** particular,it is difficult to immediately handle changes inreal-time tasks without violating the deadline *** cope with thissituation,this paper analyzes the task situations of AI workloads and findsthe following two ***,resource planning for AI workloadsis a complicated search problem that requires much time for ***,although the task set of an AI workload may change over time,thepossible combinations of the task sets are known in *** on theseobservations,this paper proposes a new resource planning scheme for AIworkloads that supports the re-planning of *** of generatingresource plans on the fly,the proposed scheme pre-determines resourceplans for various combinations of ***,in any case,the workload isimmediately executed according to the resource plan ***,the proposed scheme maintains an optimized CPU(Central Processing Unit)and memory resource plan using genetic algorithms and applies it as soonas the workload *** proposed scheme is implemented in the opensourcesimulator SimRTS for the validation of its *** show that the proposed scheme reduces the energy consumptionof CPU and memory by 45.5%on average without deadline misses.

关键词： Resource planning artificial intelligence real-time system task scheduling optimization problem genetic algorithm

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Calcifying fibrous tumor originating from the gastrohepatic ligament that mimicked a gastric submucosal tumor: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第18期7卷 2802-2807页

作者： byung Soo Kwan Dae Hyeon cho Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine Samsung Changwon Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine

BACKGROUND Calcifying fibrous tumor (CFT) is a rare, benign soft tissue tumor usually occurring in children or young adults. Gastrohepatic ligament CFT with adhesion to the stomach is very rare. We present a case here. CASE SUMMARY A 25-year-old woman visited our hospital with abdominal pain. Computed tomography and endoscopy were performed, and a gastric submucosal tumor (SMT) with a size of 6.7 cm × 2.7 cm was detected, so endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine needle biopsy was performed. The tumor was not diagnosed histologically, so surgical resection was planned and performed. The histopathologically confirmed mass size was 6.5 cm × 4.0 cm × 1.0 cm, and a calcified fibrous tumor that originated at the gastrohepatic ligament and adhered to the lesser curvature of the gastric antrum was identified. CONCLUSION Gastrohepatic ligament CFT is a very rare benign tumor. Since this disease may be confused with gastric SMT, the possibility of CFT should be kept in mind during clinical assessment of this disease.

关键词： Calcifying fibrous tumor Gastrohepatic ligament Submucosal tumor Case report

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Solution‑Processed Thin Film Transparent Photovoltaics:Present Challenges and Future Development

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 566-600页

作者： Tianle Liu Munerah M.S.Almutairi Jie Ma Aisling Stewart Zhaohui Xing Mengxia Liu Bo Hou Yuljae cho UM-SJTU Joint Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF243AAWalesUK Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA Energy Sciences Institute Yale UniversityWest HavenCT 06516USA Future Photovoltaics Research Center Global Institute of Future TechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

Electrical energy is essential for modern society to sustain economic *** soaring demand for the electrical energy,together with an awareness of the environmental impact of fossil fuels,has been driving a shift towards the utilization of solar ***,traditional solar energy solutions often require extensive spaces for a panel installation,limiting their practicality in a dense urban *** overcome the spatial constraint,researchers have developed transparent photovoltaics(TPV),enabling windows and facades in vehicles and buildings to generate electric *** TPV advancements are focused on improving both transparency and power output to rival commercially available silicon solar *** this review,we first briefly introduce wavelength-and non-wavelengthselective strategies to achieve *** of merit and theoretical limits of TPVs are discussed to comprehensively understand the status of current TPV *** we highlight recent progress in different types of TPVs,with a particular focus on solution-processed thin-film photovoltaics(PVs),including colloidal quantum dot PVs,metal halide perovskite PVs and organic *** applications of TPVs are also reviewed,with emphasis on agrivoltaics,smart windows and ***,current challenges and future opportunities in TPV research are pointed out.

关键词： Transparent semiconductors Solution-processable transparent solar cell Emerging solar cell materials Buildingintegrated photovoltaics

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A MARKOVIAN APPROACH TO DETERMINING PROCESS MEANS WITH DUAL QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2008年第1期17卷 66-85页

作者： Mohammad T.KHASAWNEH Shannon R.BOWLING byung Rae cho Department of Systems Science and Industrial Engineering State University of New York at BinghamtonBinghamtonNew York 13902-6000USA Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Old Dominion UniversityNorfolkVA 23529-0236USA Department of Industrial Engineering Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29634-0920USA

This paper studies a production system where products are produced continuously and whose specification limits are specified for screening inspection. In this paper, we consider dual quality characteristics and different costs associated with each quality characteristic that falls below a lower specification limit or above an upper specification limit. Due to these different costs, the expected total profit will greatly depend on the process parameters, especially a process mean. This paper develops a Markovian-based model for determining the optimum process means with the consideration of dual quality characteristics in a single-stage system. The proposed model is then illustrated through a numerical example and sensitivity analysis is performed to validate the model. The results showed that the optimum process mean for both quality characteristics have a significant effect on the performance of the system. Since the literature survey shows that dealing with multi-quality characteristics is extremely limited, the proposed model, coupled with the Markovian approach, provides a unique contribution to this field.

关键词： Single-stage production optimum process mean Markov chains dual quality characteristics

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