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Case Studies of the Microphysical and Kinematic Structure of Summer Mesoscale Precipitation Clouds over the Eastern Tibetan Plateau

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第1期41卷 97-114页

作者： shuo JIA Jiefan YANG Hengchi lei Key Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Three cases of microphysical characteristics and kinematic structures in the negative temperature region of summer mesoscale cloud systems over the eastern Tibetan Plateau(TP)were investigated using X-band dual-polarization *** time-height series of radar physical variables and mesoscale horizontal divergence δderived by quasi-vertical profiles(QVPs)indicated that the dendritic growth layer(DGL,-20°C to-10°C)was ubiquitous,with large-value zones of K_(DP)(specific differential phase),Z_(DR)(differential reflectivity),or both,and corresponded to various dynamic fields(ascent or descent).Ascents in the DGL of cloud systems with vigorous vertical development were coincident with large-value zones of Z_(DR),signifying ice crystals with a large axis ratio,but with no obvious large values of K_(DP),which differs from previous *** is speculated that ascent in the DGL promoted ice crystals to undergo further growth before *** there was descent in the DGL,a high echo top corresponded to large values of K_(DP),denoting a large number concentration of ice crystals;but with the echo top descending,small values of K_(DP) *** is similar to previous results and reveals that a high echo top is conducive to the generation of ice *** ice particles fall to low levels(-10℃ to 0℃),they grow through riming,aggregation,or deposition,and may not be related to the kinematic *** is important to note that this study was only based on a limited number of cases and that further research is therefore needed.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau polarimetric variables microphysics dendritic growth layer kinematic structure aggregation riming

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Wettability Gradient-Induced Diode:MXene-Engineered Membrane for Passive-Evaporative Cooling

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第8期16卷 382-397页

作者： Leqi lei shuo Meng Yifan Si shuo Shi Hanbai Wu Jieqiong Yang Jinlian Hu Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong S.A.R 999077China

Thermoregulatory textiles,leveraging high-emissivity structural materials,have arisen as a promising candidate for personal cooling management;however,their advancement has been hindered by the underperformed water moisture transportation capacity,which impacts on their thermophysiological ***,we designed a wettability-gradient-induced-diode(WGID)membrane achieving by MXene-engineered electrospun technology,which could facilitate heat dissipation and moisture-wicking *** a result,the obtained WGID membrane could obtain a cooling temperature of 1.5℃ in the“dry”state,and 7.1℃ in the“wet”state,which was ascribed to its high emissivity of 96.40%in the MIR range,superior thermal conductivity of 0.3349 W m^(-1) K^(-1)(based on radiation-and conduction-controlled mechanisms),and unidirectional moisture transportation *** proposed design offers an approach for meticulously engineering electrospun membranes with enhanced heat dissipation and moisture transportation,thereby paving the way for developing more efficient and comfortable thermoregulatory textiles in a high-humidity microenvironment.

关键词： Passive-evaporative cooling MXene Electrospun membrane Wettability gradient Diode

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Immunopurification and Mass Spectrometry Identifies Protein Phosphatase 2A （PP2A） and BIN2/GSK3 as Regulators of AKS Transcription Factors in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2017年第2期10卷 345-348页

作者： bu, shuo-lei Liu, Chao Liu, Ning Zhao, Ji-Long Ai, Lian-Feng Chi, Hao Li, Kathy L. Chien, Chih-Wei burlingame, Alma L. Zhang, Sheng-Wei Wang, Zhi-Yong Hebei Normal Univ Hebei Collaborat Innovat Ctr Cell Signaling Hebei Key Lab Mol & Cellular Biol Coll Life Sci Shijiazhuang 050024 Hebei Peoples R China Carnegie Inst Sci Dept Plant Biol 290 Panama St Stanford CA 94305 USA Chinese Acad Sci Key Lab Intelligent Informat Proc Inst Comp Technol Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Univ Calif San Francisco Dept Pharmaceut Chem San Francisco CA 94158 USA

Dear Editor ABA induces the phosphorylation of three basic helix-loop-helix （bHLH） transcription factors, called AKSs （ABA-responsive ki- nase substrates; AKS1, AKS2, and AKS3）. The unphosphorylated AKSs facilitate stomatal opening through promoting the tran- scription of genes encoding inwardly rectifying K＋ channels （Takahashi et al., 2013）. AKS1 and AKS3 are also regulators of flowering （Ito et al., 2012）. However, the kinases and phosphatases that directly control the phosphorylation status of AKSs in vivo have not been fully characterized. Here,

关键词： Spectrometry Phosphatase Arabidopsis

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Aircraft Observation and Simulation of the Supercooled Liquid Water Layer in a Warm Conveyor Belt over North China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第3期41卷 529-544页

作者： Jiefan YANG Fei YAN Hengchi lei shuo JIA Xiaobo DONG Xiangfeng HU Key Laboratory of Cloud Physics and Severe Storms Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Weather modification office of Hebei Province Hebei Meteorology AdministrationShijiazhuang 050000China

This paper studied a snow event over North China on 21 February 2017,using aircraft in-situ data,a Lagrangian analysis tool,and WRF simulations with different microphysical schemes to investigate the supercooled layer of warm conveyor belts(WCBs).Based on the aircraft data,we found a fine vertical structure within clouds in the WCB and highlighted a 1-2 km thin supercooled liquid water layer with a maximum Liquid Water Content(LWC) exceeding0.5 g kg^(-1) during the vertical aircraft *** the main features of thermodynamic profiles were essentially captured by both modeling schemes,the microphysical quantities exhibited large diversity with different microphysics *** conventional Morrison two-moment scheme showed remarkable agreement with in-situ observations,both in terms of the thermodynamic structure and the supercooled liquid water ***,the microphysical structure of the WCB clouds,in terms of LWC and IWC,was not apparent in HUJI fast bin *** reduce such uncertainty,future work may focus on improving the representation of microphysics in bin schemes with in-situ data and using similar assumptions for all schemes to isolate the impact of physics.

关键词： warm conveyor belt Microphysical properties supercooled liquid water microphysics schemes

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Effects of ignition voltage and electrode structure on electric ignition and combustion characteristics of Ammonium Dinitramide(ADN)-based liquid propellants in electric ignition mode in inert gas environment

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第4期37卷 229-242页

作者： lei LI Guoxiu LI Hongmeng LI Zhaopu YAO Tao ZHANG Jinze WU shuo ZHANG School of Mechanical Electronic and Control EngineeringBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Beijing Institute of Control Engineering Beijing 100190China

Hydrazine is toxic and carcinogenic, which greatly increases the difficulty of application and no longer meets the needs of green aerospace. As a green propellant, the Ammonium Dinitramide(ADN)-based liquid propellant has the advantages of higher specific impulse, being non-toxic,pollution-free, and easy storage. However, an ADN-based space engine in orbit has exposed the problems of high-temperature deactivation of catalysts and cold-start failure. An active ignition technology—electric ignition technology was explored in this paper to break through the technical bottleneck of catalyst deactivation and the inability to a cold start. An experimental system of a constant-volume combustor for the ADN-based liquid propellant based on the electric ignition method was established. The electric ignition and combustion characteristics of the ADN-based liquid propellant in a volume combustor with an electric ignition method were studied. The influencing mechanisms of the ignition voltage and the electrode structure on the electric ignition characteristics of the ADN-based liquid propellant were investigated. An elevation of the ignition voltage could facilitate the ignition process of the ADN-based liquid propellant, curtail electric energy input and heating effect, while exerting an adverse impact on the combustion process of the *** increase in the ignition voltage enhanced the ignition process of the propellant while simultaneously suppressing its combustion process when utilizing mesh electrodes. Compared to the strip electrodes, the mesh electrodes increased the contact area between the electrodes and the propellant,increased the electric energy input power in the electric ignition process, and reduced the ignition delay time. The mesh electrodes could promote the combustion process of the propellant to a certain extent.

关键词： ADN-based liquid propellant Resistive ignition Electrical ignition characteristic Combustion Inert gas

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An effective pharmacological hydrogel induces optic nerve repair and improves visual function

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 529-542页

作者： Lipeng Wang Shan Zhang Yawen Han shuo Tang Jiarui Li Lina bu Dongyu Zhao Hongkui Deng Department of Cell Biology Schoolof Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Stem Cell Research CenterStateKey Laboratoryof Naturaland Biomimetic DrugsPeking University Health Science Center Beijing 100191China MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation College of Life SciencesPeking-Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Changping Laboratory Beijing 102206China Department of Ophthalmology Peking University People's Hospital Eye Diseases and Optometry InstituteBeijing 100871China Department of Biomedical Informatics School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China

Irreversible eye lesions, such as glaucoma and traumatic optic neuropathy, can cause blindness;however, no effective treatments exist. The optic nerve, in particular, lacks the capacity to spontaneously regenerate, requiring the development of an effective approach for optic nerve repair, which has proven challenging. Here, we demonstrate that a combination of the small molecules 3BDO and trichostatin A(TSA)—which regulate mTOR and HDAC, respectively—packaged in thermosensitive hydrogel for 4-week-sustained release after intravitreal injection, effectively induced optic nerve regeneration in a mouse model of optic nerve crush injury. Moreover, this combination of 3BDO and TSA also protected axon projections and improved visual responses in an old mouse model(11 months old) of glaucoma. Taken together, our data provide a new, local small molecule-based treatment for the effective induction of optic nerve repair, which may represent a foundation for the development of pharmacological methods to treat irreversible eye diseases.

关键词： retinal ganglion cell axon regeneration old-age glaucoma small molecules pharmacological hydrogel visual function repair

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Generative deep-learning-embedded asynchronous structured light for three-dimensional imaging

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第4期6卷 45-58页

作者： lei Lu Chenhao bu Zhilong Su Banglei Guan Qifeng Yu Wei Pan Qinghui Zhang Henan University of Technology College of Information Science and Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics School of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceShanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering Shaoxing Research Institute of Shanghai University National University of Defense Technology College of Aerospace Science and Engineering OPT Machine Vision Tech Co. Ltd. Department of Research and Development

Three-dimensional(3D) imaging with structured light is crucial in diverse scenarios, ranging from intelligent manufacturing and medicine to entertainment. However, current structured light methods rely on projector–camera synchronization, limiting the use of affordable imaging devices and their consumer applications. In this work, we introduce an asynchronous structured light imaging approach based on generative deep neural networks to relax the synchronization constraint, accomplishing the challenges of fringe pattern aliasing, without relying on any a priori constraint of the projection system. To overcome this need, we propose a generative deep neural network with U-Net-like encoder–decoder architecture to learn the underlying fringe features directly by exploring the intrinsic prior principles in the fringe pattern aliasing. We train within an adversarial learning framework and supervise the network training via a statisticsinformed loss function. We demonstrate that by evaluating the performance on fields of intensity, phase, and 3D reconstruction. It is shown that the trained network can separate aliased fringe patterns for producing comparable results with the synchronous one: the absolute error is no greater than 8 μm, and the standard deviation does not exceed 3 μm. Evaluation results on multiple objects and pattern types show it could be generalized for any asynchronous structured light scene.

关键词： asynchrony deep learning fringe pattern projection generative neural networks structured light three-dimensional imaging

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Molybdenum isotope composition of the upper mantle and its origin:insight from mid-ocean ridge basalt

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第3期42卷 705-708页

作者： shuo CHEN Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China

The molybdenum(Mo)isotope system is pivotal in reconstructing marine redox changes throughout Earth’s history and has emerged as a promising tracer for igneous and metamorphic *** its composition and variation across major geochemical reservoirs is essential for its application in investigating high-temperature ***,there is debate regarding theδ^(98/95)Mo value of the Earth’s mantle,with estimates ranging from sub-chondritic to super-chondritic *** analyses of global mid-ocean ridge basalt(MORB)glasses revealed significantδ^(98/95)Mo variations attributed to mantle heterogeneity,proposing a two-component mixing model to explain the observed *** studies confirmed the sub-chondriticδ^(98/95)Mo of the depleted upper mantle,suggesting remixing of subduction-modified oceanic crust as a plausible *** findings underscore the role of Mo isotopes as effective tracers for understanding dynamic processes associated with mantle-crustal recycling.

关键词： molybdenum(Mo)isotope mantle crustal recycling mid-ocean ridge basalt(MORB)

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More than just aligning the teeth:Clear aligners with multifunctional prowess

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7665-7674页

作者： Yang Chen lei-Ming Cao Nian-Nian Zhong Zi-Zhan Li Lin-Lin bu Fang-Yi Huo Hong He State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of EducationHubei Key Laboratory of StomatologySchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology School and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China Department of Zhuankou Clinical Branches School and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan 430000China Department of Orthodontics School and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China

With the increasing demand for beauty and health,clear aligners(CAs)have been widely applied among patients with ***,patients treated with CAs also face some potential complications,such as demineralization,dental caries,and periodontal *** addition,some patients have additional needs to improve their quality of life,such as bleaching *** order to prevent or solve these problems,the modification of CAs is a promising method because their extensive long-term contact with tooth surfaces makes them ideal devices for implementing adjuvant medical *** this review,we discuss various advanced CAs with medical functions based on the clinical needs of *** far as we know,the additional functions of CAs mainly include antibacterial,remineralization,whitening,and accelerating tooth *** functions are achieved by two major pathways,the combination of CAs with drugs/biomaterials and increasing the capacity or affinity of *** addition,we discuss the current limitations of in vitro experiments which are designed to explore the effectiveness and properties of novel CAs,and the challenges of bringing a multifunctional appliance from proposal to clinical *** the end of this review,we provide insights into the broader prospects for the improvement of CAs.

关键词： advanced clear aligners medical device modification drug delivery system personalized medicine

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The characterization of protein lactylation in relation to cardiac metabolic reprogramming in neonatal mouse hearts

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第7期51卷 735-748页

作者： Tongyu Zhang Yingxi Zhu Xiaochen Wang Danyang Chong Haiquan Wang Dandan bu Mengfei Zhao lei Fang Chaojun Li Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study Model Animal Research CenterMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNational Resource Center for Mutant MiceNanjingJiangsu 210093China State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health China International Joint Research Center on Environment and Human HealthCenter for Global HealthSchool of Public HealthGusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China

In mammals,the neonatal heart can regenerate upon injury within a short time after birth,while adults lose this *** reprogramming has been demonstrated to be critical for cardiomyocyte proliferation in the neonatal ***,we reveal that cardiac metabolic reprogramming could be regulated by altering global protein *** performing 4D label-free proteomics and lysine lactylation(Kla)omics analyses in mouse hearts at postnatal days 1,5,and 7,2297 Kla sites from 980 proteins are identified,among which 1262 Kla sites from 409 proteins are *** clustering analysis reveals that the proteins with altered Kla sites are mainly involved in metabolic *** expression and Kla levels of proteins in glycolysis show a positive correlation while a negative correlation in fatty acid ***,we verify the Kla levels of several differentially modified proteins,including ACAT1,ACADL,ACADVL,PFKM,PKM,and ***,our study reports a comprehensive Kla map in the neonatal mouse heart,which will help to understand the regulatory network of metabolic reprogramming and cardiac regeneration.

关键词： Lactylation Metabolicrep rogramming Postnatal heart regeneration Cell proliferation

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