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Multidimensional synthetic chiral-tube lattices via nonlinear frequency conversion

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 803-812页

作者： Kai Wang bryn.a.bell Alexander S.Solntsev Dragomir N.Neshev Benjamin J.Eggleton Andrey A.Sukhorukov Nonlinear Physics Centre Research School of PhysicsThe Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 2601Australia Institute of Photonics and Optical Science(IPOS) School of PhysicsUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Department of Physics QOLSImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW 2007Australia Ginzton Laboratory Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA

Geometrical dimensionality plays a fundamentally important role in the topological effects arising in discrete *** direct experiments are limited by three spatial dimensions,the research topic of synthetic dimensions implemented by the frequency degree of freedom in photonics is rapidly *** manipulation of light in these artificial lattices is typically realized through electro-optic modulation;yet,their operating bandwidth imposes practical constraints on the range of interactions between different frequency *** we propose and experimentally realize all-optical synthetic dimensions involving specially tailored simultaneous short-and long-range interactions between discrete spectral lines mediated by frequency conversion in a nonlinear *** realize triangular chiral-tube lattices in three-dimensional space and explore their four-dimensional *** implement a synthetic gauge field with nonzero magnetic flux and observe the associated multidimensional dynamics of frequency combs,all within one physical spatial *** anticipate that our method will provide a new means for the fundamental study of high-dimensional physics and act as an important step towards using topological effects in optical devices operating in the time and frequency domains.

关键词： dimensions chiral nonlinear

Current status of duplex surface engineered Ti-based materials

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2004年第z1期14卷 6-12页

作者： T.bell School of Engineering (Metallurgy and Materials) The University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT UK

Industrial exploitation of the high specific strength and corrosion resistance of titanium were dominated historically by the technological advances which have been made in gas-turbine engine and aircraft components. Realization of the possible benefits in general engineering has been limited by the absence of any proven and reliable means of overcoming the poor wear resistance and galling tendency suffered by titanium alloys when in contact with other materials. This problem can only be addressed by optimizing and demonstrating industrially viable surface engineering processes for titanium in general engineering. The status of single and duplex surface engineering systems are reviewed. In addition, in order to fully realize the potential of advanced surface engineering of titanium components contact mechanics models are developed to enable the automotive engineers to design dynamically the loaded automotive engine and transmission components.

关键词： Ti-based material specific strength corrosion resistance

A simple human cell model for TAU trafficking and tauopathy-related TAU pathology

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第4期17卷 770-772页

作者： Michael bell Hans Zempel Institute of Human Genetics Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCenter for Molecular Medicine Cologne(CMMC)University of CologneCologneGermany

The microtubule(MT)-associated protein TAU is highly abundant in the axon of human brain neurons,where it binds to and stabilizes MT ***,TAU regulates the dynamic(dis)assembly of MT strands and is involved in a wide range of neuronal *** Alzheimer's disease(AD)and other tauopathies,TAU is missorted into the somatodendritic *** missorting is accompanied by(or leads to)abnormal TAU phosphorylation,MT destabilization,and loss of dendritic spines and mitochondria,eventually resulting in TAU aggregation,neuronal dysfunction and cell death(Arendt et al.,2016).Strikingly,the mechanisms of TAU sorting,and the detrimental cascade upon its failure,are still not fully understood.

关键词： tau sorting eventually

A novel strategy for ionomer coating of Ag nanoparticles used for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO in a membrane electrode assembly

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 94-95页

作者： Alexis T.bell Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California

The electrochemical reduction of the CO2reaction （CO2RR） offers an attractive means for converting the carbon content of CO2, released from a stationary source or the atmosphere, into fuels and chemicals [1]. Utiliz...

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General Algorithms for Barnett's Structure in Evidential Reasoning

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 1995年第6期10卷 518-535页

作者：管纪文 D.A.bell University of Ulster at Jordanstown

A major problem encountered when applications of the Dempster-Shafer ev-idence handling methods are contemplated is the computational complekity of the basic operations. Barnett has proposed a linear-time computational tech-nique for use in evidential reasoning. However, it is restricted to the entire orthogonal sum of dichotomous evidential functions. This means that there has to be a piece of evidence for each contender for the choice being made. This paper presents more general algorithms for combining dichotomous evidelitial functions. The idea is based on the fact that dichotomous evidential functions generalize simple evidential functions, and a useful general formula for com-bining simple evidential functions is available. It is therefore natural to seek general formulae or algorithms for combining dichotomous evidential functions.

关键词： Artificial intelligence expert system knowledge-based system,evidential reasoning

Review of laser diagnostics at the Vulcan laser facility

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2015年第3期3卷 3-12页

作者： Ian Musgrave Marco Galimberti Alexis Boyle Cristina Hernandez-Gomez Andrew Kidd bryn Parry Dave Pepler Trevor Winstone John Collier Central Laser Facility Science and Technology Facilities CouncilRAL

In this paper we review the provision of the laser diagnostics that are installed on the Vulcan laser facility. We will present strategies for dealing with the energy of high energy systems and with ways of handling the beam sizes of the lasers. We present data captured during typical experimental campaigns to demonstrate their reliability and variation in shot to shot values.

关键词： calorimeter high power laser laser diagnostics pulse energy

The~1.4 GaA-type granitoids in the“Chottanagpur crustal block”(India),and its relocation from Columbia to Rodinia?

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第2期13卷 405-429页

作者： Nicole Sequeira Abhijit Bhattacharya Elizabeth bell Department of Geology and Geophysics Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur 721302India Department of Earth Planetary and Space SciencesUniversity of California595 Charles Young Drive EastLos AngelesCA 90095-1567USA School of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric SciencesGoa UniversityTaleigaoGoa 403516India

In paleogeographic reconstructions of the Columbia and Rodinia Supercontinents,the position of the Greater India landmass is ***,coupled with a limited understanding of the tectonic evolution of the mobile belts along which the mosaic of crustal domains in India accreted,impedes precise correlation among the dispersed crustal fragments in supercontinent *** structural,metamorphic phase equilibria,chronological and geochemical investigations,this study aims to reconstruct the tectonic evolution of the Chottanagpur Gneiss Complex(CGC)as a distinct crustal block at the eastern end of the Greater Indian Proterozoic Fold Belt(GIPFOB)along which the North India Block(NIB)and the South India Block(SIB)*** study focuses on two issues,*** the Early Neoproterozoic(0.92 Ga)accretion of the CGC with the NIB contemporaneous with the assembly of Rodinia,and documenting the widespread(>24,000 km^(2))plutonism of1.5-1.4 Ga weakly peraluminous,calc-alkalic to alkali-calcic and ferroan A-type granitoids(±garnet)devoid of mafic microgrannular enclaves and coeval mafic emplacements in the crustal *** dominantly within-plate granitoids arguably formed by asthenospheric upwelling induced partial melting of garnetbearing anatectic quartzofeldspathic gneisses that dominate the Early Mesoproterozoic basement of the *** major and trace element chemistry of the granitoids is similar to the 1.35-1.45 Ga A-type granitoids in Laurentia/Amazonia emplaced contemporaneous with the 1.5-1.3 Ga breakup of the Columbia *** study suggests the Chottanagpur Gneiss Complex occured as a fragmented crustal block following the breakup of the Columbia Supercontinent;the crustal block was subsequently integrated within India during the Early Neoproterozoic oblique accretion between the NIB and SIB contemporaneous with the Rodinia Supercontinent assembly.

关键词： Chottanagpur Gneiss Complex Rodinia accretion Columbia Supercontinent break up Mid-Mesoproterozoic ferroan A-type granitoids

Consistent individual differences in fathering in threespined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus

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Current Zoology 2012年第1期58卷 45-52页

作者： Laura R Stein Alison M bell Department of Animal Biology University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA.

There is growing evidence that individual animals show consistent differences in behavior. For example, individual threespined stickleback fish differ in how they react to predators and how aggressive they are during social interactions with con- specifics. A relatively unexplored but potentially important axis of variation is parental behavior. In sticklebacks, fathers provide all of the parental care that is necessary for offspring survival; therefore paternal care is directly tied to fitness. In this study, we assessed whether individual male sticklebacks differ consistently from each other in parental behavior. We recorded visits to nest, total time fanning, and activity levels of 11 individual males every day throughout one clutch, and then allowed the males to breed again. Half of the males were exposed to predation risk while parenting during the first clutch, and the other half of the males ex- perienced predation risk during the second clutch. We detected dranlatic temporal changes in parental behaviors over the course of the clutch： for example, total time fanning increased six-fold prior to eggs hatching, then decreased to approximately zero. De- spite these temporal changes, males retained their individually-distinctive parenting styles within a clutch that could not be ex- plained by differences in body size or egg mass. Moreover, individual differences in parenting were maintained when males re- produced for a second time. Males that were exposed to simulated predation risk briefly decreased fanning and increased activity levels. Altogether, these results show that individual sticklebacks consistently differ from each other in how they behave as parents [Current Zoology 58 （1）： 45-52, 2012].

关键词： Paternal care Personality Behavioral syndrome Fathers Temperament Antipredator behavior

Risk mapping of wildlife-vehicle collisions across thestate of Montana,USA:a machine-learning approach forimbalanced data along rural roads

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Transportation Safety and Environment 2024年第3期6卷 124-132页

作者： Matthew bell Yiyi Wang Rob Ament Western Transportation Institute Montana State University2327 University WayBozemanMT 59717USA School of Engineering San Francisco State University1600 Holloway AveSan FranciscoCA 94132USA

Wildlife-vehicle collisions(WVCs)with large animals are estimated to cost the USA over 8 billion USD in property damage,tens of thousands of human injuries and nearly 200 human fatalities each *** WVCs occur on rural roads and are not collected evenly among road segments,leading to imbalanced *** are a disproportionate number of analysis units that have zero WVC cases when investigating large geographic areas for collision *** units with zero WVCs can reduce prediction accuracy and weaken the coefficient estimates of statistical learning *** study demonstrates that the use of the synthetic minority over-sampling technique(SMOTE)to handle imbalanced WVC data in combination with statistical and machine-learning models improves the ability to determine seasonal WVC risk across the rural highway network in Montana,*** array of regularized variables describing landscape,road and traffic were used to develop negative binomial and random forest models to infer WVC rates per 100 million vehicle miles *** random forest model is found to work particularly well with SMOTE-augmented data to improve the prediction accuracy of seasonal WVC ***-augmented data are found to improve accuracy when predicting crash risk across fine-grained grids while retaining the characteristics of the original *** analyses suggest that SMOTE augmentation mitigates data imbalance that is encountered in seasonally divided WVC *** research provides the basis for future risk-mapping models and can potentially be used to address the low rates of WVCs and other crash types along rural roads.

关键词： wildlife-vehicle collisions machine learning SMOTE negative binomial risk mapping