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Regulation of Seed Vigor by manipulation of Raffinose Family Oligosaccharides in maize and Arabidopsis thaliana

molecular Plant 2017年第12期10卷 1540-1555页

作者： Tao Li Yumin Zhang Dong Wang Ying Liu Lynnette m.A. Dirk Jack Goodman A. bruce Downie Jianmin Wang Guoying Wang Tianyong Zhao State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas College of Life Sciences Northwest A&F University Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region Ministry of Agriculture Northwest A&F University YanglingShaanxi 712100 China Department of Horticulture Seed Biology College of Agriculture Food and Environment University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40546 USA Departrnent of Plant and Soil Sciences College of Agriculture Food and Environment University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40546 USA Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China

Raffinose family oligosaccharides （RFOs） accumulate in seeds during maturation desiccation in many plant species. However, it remains unclear whether RFOs have a role in establishing seed vigor. GALACTINOL SYNTHASE （GOLS）, RAFFINOSE SYNTHASE （RS）, and STACHYOSE SYNTHASE （STS） are the enzymes responsible for RFO biosynthesis in plants. Interestingly, only raffinose is detected in maize seeds, and a unique maize RS gene （ZmRS） was identified. In this study, we found that two independent mutator （mu）-interrupted zmrs lines, containing no raffinose but hyperaccumulating galactinol, have significantly reduced seed vigor, compared with null segregant controls. Unlike maize, Arabidopsis thaliana seeds contain several RFOs （raffinose, stachyose, and verbascose）. manipulation of A. thaliana RFO content by overexpressing ZmGOLS2, ZmRS, or AtSTS demonstrated that co-overexpression of ZmGOLS2 and ZmRS, or overexpression of ZmGOLS2 alone, significantly increased the total content of RFOs and enhanced Arabidopsis seed vigor. Surprisingly, while overexpression of ZmRS increased seed raffinose content, its overexpression dramatically decreased seed vigor and reduced the seed amounts of galactinol, stachyose, and verbascose. In contrast, the atrs5 mutant seeds are similar to those of the wild type with regard to seed vigor and RFO content, except for stachyose, which accumulated in atrs5 seeds. Total RFOs, RFO/sucrose ratio, but not absolute individual RFO amounts, positively correlated with A. thaliana seed vigor, to which stachyose and verbascose contribute more than raffinose. Taken together, these re- sults provide new insights into regulatory mechanisms of seed vigor and reveal distinct requirement for RFOs in modulating seed vigor in a monocot and a dicot.

关键词： seed vigor raffinose family oligosaccharides maize Arabidopsis

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The natural analgesic conolidine targets the newly identified opioid scavenger ACKR3/CXCR7

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第7期6卷 1966-1968页

作者： martyna Szpakowska Ann m.Decker max meyrath Christie B.Palmer bruce E.Blough Ojas A.Namjoshi Andy Chevigne Immuno-Pharmacology and Interactomics Department of Infection and ImmunityLuxembourg Institute of Health(LIH)Esch-sur-AlzetteLuxembourg Center for Drug Discovery RTI InternationalDurhamNCUSA Faculty of Science Technology and MedicineUniversity of LuxembourgEsch-sur-AlzetteLuxembourg

Dear Editor,The atypical chemokine receptor ACKR3 has recently been reported to act as an opioid scavenger with unique negative regulatory properties towards different families of opioid ***,we show that conolidine,a natural analgesic alkaloid used in traditional Chinese medicine,targets ACKR3,thereby providing additional proof of a correlation between ACKR3 and pain modulation and opening alternative therapeutic avenues for the treatment of chronic pain.

关键词： CXCR7 opioid analgesic

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Patten's foundations of embryology =: 胚胎学基础 / 6th ed.

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丛书名：美国著名医学院校教材系列

2002年

作者： bruce m. Carlson.

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Livestock breeding for the 21st century: the promise of the editing revolution

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第2期7卷 129-135页

作者： Chris PROUDFOOT Gus mCFARLANE bruce WHITELAW Simon LILLICO The Roslin Institute and Royal(Dick)School of Veterinary Studies University of EdinburghEaster BushMidlothianEH259RGUK

In recent years there has been a veritable explosion in the use of genome editors to create sitespecific changes,both in vitro and in vivo,to the genomes of a multitude of species for both basic research and ***,which form a vital component of most societies,are no *** selective breeding has been hugely successful at enhancing some production traits,the rate of progress is often slow and is limited to variants that exist within the breeding *** editing provides the potential to move traits between breeds,in a single generation,with no impact on existing productivity or to develop de novo phenotypes that tackle intractable issues such as *** such,genome editors provide huge potential for ongoing livestock development programs in light of increased demand and disease *** review will highlight some of the more notable agricultural applications of this technology in livestock.

关键词： cattle pig sheep chicken aquaculture CRISPR

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Diagnostic accuracy of tests for Helicobacter pylori in an Alaska Native population

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第42期17卷 4682-4688页

作者： Dana L Bruden michael G bruce Karen m miernyk Julie morris Debby Hurlburt Thomas W Hennessy Helen Peters Frank Sacco Alan J Parkinson Brian J mcmahon Arctic Investigations Program Division of Preparedness and Emerging InfectionsNational Center for Emerging Zoonoses and Infectious DiseasesCenters for Disease Control and Prevention Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium Anchorage

AIm:To evaluate the accuracy of two non-invasivetests in a population of Alaska Native persons. Highrates of Helico bacter pylori(H. pylori) infection,H. pylori treatment failure,and gastric cancer in this population necessitate documentation of infection status atmultiple time points over a patient's ***:In 280 patients undergoing endoscopy,H. pylori was diagnosed by culture,histology,rapidurease test,13C urea breath test(UBT) ,and immuno-globulin G antibodies to H. pylori in serum. The performances of 13C-UBT and antibody test were compared to a gold standard defined by a positive H. pylori testby culture or,in case of a negative culture result,bypositive histology and a positive rapid urease ***:The sensitivity and specificity of the 13C-UBT were 93% and 88%,respectively,relative to thegold standard. The antibody test had an equivalents ensitivity of 93% with a reduced specificity of 68%.The false positive results for the antibody test were as-sociated with previous treatment for an H. pylori infection [relative risk(RR) = 2.8]. High levels of antibodiesto H. pylori were associated with chronic gastritis and male gender,while high scores in the 13C-UBT testwere associated with older age and with the H. pyloribacteria load on histological examination(RR = 4.4) .CONCLUSION:The 13C-UBT out performed the anti-body test for H. pylori and could be used when a non-invasive test is clinically necessary to document treatment out come or when monitoring for reinfection.

关键词：阿拉斯加幽门螺杆菌测试人口幽门螺旋杆菌准确率原住民抗体检测

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Optimization of micropatterned poly(lactic-coglycolic acid) films for enhancing dorsal root ganglion cell orientation and extension

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第1期13卷 105-111页

作者： Ching-Wen Li Brett Davis Jill Shea Himanshu Sant bruce Kent Gale Jayant Agarwal Department of mechanical Engineering National Chung Hsing University Department of Surgery School of Medicine University of Utah Department of mechanical Engineering University of Utah

Nerve conduits have been a viable alternative to the ‘gold standard’ autograft for treating small peripheral nerve gap injuries. However, they often produce inadequate functional recovery outcomes and are ineffective in large gap injuries. Ridge/groove surface micropatterning has been shown to promote neural cell orientation and guide growth. However, optimization of the ratio of ridge/groove parameters to promote orientation and extension for dorsal root ganglion （DRG） cells on poly（lactic-co-glycolic acid）（PLGA） films has not been previously conducted. Photolithography and micro-molding were used to define various combinations of ridge/groove dimensions on PLGA films. The DRG cells obtained from chicken embryos were cultured on micropatterned PLGA films for cell orientation and migration *** of the films occurred during the test period, however, this did not cause deformation or distortion of the micropatterns. Results from the DRG cell orientation test suggest that when the ridge/groove ratio equals 1 （ridge/groove width parameters are equal, i.e., 10 μm/10 μm （even））, the degree of alignment depends on the size of the ridges and grooves, when the ratio is smaller than 1 （groove controlled） the alignment increases as the ridge size decreases, and when the ratio is larger than 1 （ridge controlled）, the alignment is reduced as the width of the grooves decreases. The migration rate and neurite extension of DRG neurons were greatest on 10 μm/10 μm and 30 μm/30 μm micropatterned PLGA films. Based on the data, the 10 μm/10 μm and 30 μm/30 μm micropatterned PLGA films are the optimized ridge/groove surface patterns for the construction of nerve repair devices.

关键词： nerve regeneration nerve repair neural cell migration neural cell alignment micropattern dorsal root ganglion topological cues neural regeneration

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Controlled release of FK506 from micropatterned PLGA films:potential for application in peripheral nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第7期13卷 1247-1252页

作者： Brett Davis Susan Wojtalewicz Pratima Labroo Jill Shea Himanshu Sant bruce Gale Jayant Agarwal Department of Bioengineering University of Utah Department of Surgery University of Utah Department of mechanical Engineering University of Utah

After decades of research,peripheral nerve injury and repair still frequently results in paralysis,chronic pain and neuropathies leading to severe disability in *** clinically available nerve conduits only provide crude guidance of regenerating axons across nerve gap without additional ***506（Tacrolimus）,an FDA approved immunosuppressant,has been shown to enhance peripheral nerve regeneration but carries harsh side-effects when delivered *** objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a bioresorbable drug delivery system capable of local extended delivery of FK506 that also provides topological guidance cues to guide axon growth via *** was used to create micropatterned poly（lactide-co-glycolic acid）（PLGA） films embedded with ***-patterned,10/10 μm（ridge/groove width）,and 30/30 μm patterned films loaded with 0,1,and 3 μg/cm2 FK506 were manufactured and *** vitro FK506 rate of release testing indicated that the films are capable of an extended（at least 56 days）,controlled,and scalable release of *** extension bioactivity assay indicated that FK506 released from the films（concentration of samples tested ranged between 8.46–19.7 ng/m L） maintained its neural bioactivity and promoted neurite extension similar to control FK506 dosages（10 ng/m L FK506）.The multi-functional FK506 embedded,micropatterned poly（lactide-co-glycolic acid） films developed in this study have potential to be used in the construction of peripheral nerve repair devices.

关键词： nerve regeneration FK506 controlled release micropatterns topological cues PLGA

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Smoking influences outcome in patients who had thrombolysed ischaemic stroke:the ENCHANTED study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第3期6卷 395-401,I0033,I0034页

作者： Lingli Sun Lili Song Jie Yang Richard I Lindley Thompson Robinson Pablo m Lavados Candice Delcourt Hisatomi Arima bruce Ovbiagele John Chalmers Craig S Anderson Xia Wang The George Institute for Global Health Peking University Health Science CentreBeijingChina The George Institute for Global Health University of New South WalesSydneyNSWAustralia Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical CollegeChengduChina Faculty of medicine University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Biomedical Research Unit for Cardiovascular Sciences University of LeicesterLeicesterUK Clínica Alemana de Santiago Universidad del DesarrolloSantiago de ChileRegion Metropolitana de SChile Department of Preventive medicine and Public Health Faculty of MedicineFukuoka UniversityFukuokaJapan San Francisco VA Healthcare System University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA

Background and purpose As studies vary in defining the prognostic significance of smoking in acute ischaemic stroke(AIS),we aimed to determine the relation of smoking and key outcomes in patient participants who had thrombolysed AIS of the international quasi-factorial randomised Enhanced Control of Hypertension and Thrombolysis Stroke Study(ENCHANTED).methods Post-hoc analyses of ENCHANTED,an international quasi-factorial randomised evaluation of intravenous alteplase-dose comparison and levels of blood pressure control in patients who had thrombolysed *** logistic regression models with inverse probability of treatment weighting(IPTW)propensity scores were used to determine associations of self-reported smoking status and clinical outcomes,according to 90-day modified Rankin Scale(mRS)scores and symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage(sICH).Results Of 4540 patients who had an AIS,there were 1008(22.2%)current smokers who were younger and predominantly male,with more comorbidities of hypertension,coronary artery disease,atrial fibrillation and diabetes mellitus,and greater baseline neurological impairment,compared with *** univariate analysis,current smokers had a higher likelihood of a favourable shift in mRS scores(OR 0.88,95%CI 0.77 to 0.99;p=0.038)but this association reversed in a fully adjusted model with IPTW(adjusted OR 1.15,95%CI 1.04 to 1.28;p=0.009).A similar trend was also apparent for dichotomised poor outcome(mRS scores 2–6:OR 1.18,95%CI 1.05 to 1.33;p=0.007),but not with the risk of sICH across standard *** Smoking predicts poor functional recovery in patients who had thrombolysed *** registration number NCT01422616.

关键词： patients smoke acute

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Berne & Levy生理学原理

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丛书名：国外优秀生命科学教材译丛

2008年

作者：（美）matthew N.Levy bruce A.Stanton bruce m.Koeppen

本书人体生理学的导论性读物，全书共分八篇，内容包括：细胞生理学、神经系统、肌肉、心血管系统、呼吸系统、肾系统、内分泌系统。

ISBN: (纸本)9787894898906;9787040231274

本书人体生理学的导论性读物，全书共分八篇，内容包括：细胞生理学、神经系统、肌肉、心血管系统、呼吸系统、肾系统、内分泌系统。

关键词：人体生理学

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青光眼彩色图谱 1

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2000年

作者：（美）m.bruce Shields 易长贤译

本书汇集了目前眼科学领域关于青光眼病的各种新技术和新观念，以各种临床检查、临床表现、激光治疗和手术治疗为脉络，便于理解和记忆，是一本值得一读的青光眼专科好教材。

ISBN: (纸本)7506722933

关键词：青光眼

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