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Invasion reproductive numbers for periodic epidemic models

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2019年第1期4卷 124-141页

作者： Christopher mitchell Christopher Kribs Department of Mathematics Tarleton State UniversityStephenvilleTX 76402USA Department of Mathematics University of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTX 76019-0408USA

There are many cases within epidemiology where infections compete to persist within a *** studying models for such cases,one of the goals is to determine which infections can invade a population and persist when other infections are already resident within the *** reproductive numbers(IRN),which are tied to the stability of boundary endemic equilibria,can address this *** reinterpreting resident infections epidemiologically,this study extends methods for finding IRNs to periodic systems,and presents some examples which illustrate the often complex computations *** identify conditions under which a simple time-average can be used to derive IRNs,and apply the methods to examine how seasonal fluctuations in influenza incidence facilitate the year-round persistence of bacterial respiratory infections.

关键词： Mathematical epidemiology Periodic models Basic reproductive number

Education and Skills Development in China-Africa Cooperation

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Frontiers of Education in China 2018年第4期13卷 553-600页

作者： Michael mitchell Omoruyi EHIZUELEN Centre for Nigerian Studies Institute of African StudiesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China

Education,skills,and the development of an African workforce are at a critical *** it is recognized that Chinese firms hire local people,the focus of the debate is more on the position and opportunities for training and *** such,the paper tries to answer the following *** China really contribute to skills development in Africa?Does China employment,education,and skills transfer pattern contribute to Africa’s own structural transformation and benefit African workforce?In attempting to answer these questions,this paper first lays out the current magnitude of demand for skills in Africa and the priorities for education and skills transfer that can successfully address Africa’s skills ***,this will enable researchers and non-researchers to understand the diversity of Chinese firms’skills transfer patterns and the reasons behind these *** order to present a comprehensive and precise picture as well as understand the context for China and Africa education and skills transfer development,the paper draws from various data collected from diverse sources,including government statistics,firm reports,second-hand academic literature,local and international news media,official government reports,and research *** paper suggests that the assessment of skills transfer pattern should not only consider employees’and employers’direct interests,but also in the short run,skills transfer should focus on offering short,practical courses to secondary and higher education graduates involving primarily on-the-job *** the long run,there is a need to change the way employees and students are trained,including curriculum reforms that favor science,technology,engineering,and *** should also be placed on critical thinking,problem-solving,discovery,and experiential training.

关键词： Africa China education firms skills development training the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation(FOCAC)

Landscape Genetics of Plants: Challenges and Opportunities

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Plant Communications 2020年第6期1卷 43-57页

作者： mitchell B.Cruzan Elizabeth C.Hendrickson Department of Biology Portland State UniversityPO Box 751PortlandOR 97207USA

Dispersal is one of the most important but least understood processes in plant ecology and evolutionary *** of seeds maintains and establishes populations,and pollen and seed dispersal are responsible for gene flow within and among *** views of dispersal and gene flow assume models that are governed solely by geographic distance and do not account for variation in dispersal vector behavior in response to heterogenous *** genetics integrates population genetics with Geographic Information Systems(GIS)to evaluate the effects of landscape features on gene flow patterns(effective dispersal).Surprisingly,relatively few landscape genetic studies have been conducted on *** present advantages because their populations are stationary,allowing more reliable estimates of the effects of landscape features on effective dispersal *** the other hand,plant dispersal is intrinsically complex because it depends on the habitat preferences of the plant and its pollen and seed dispersal *** discuss strategies to assess the separate contributions of pollen and seed movement to effective dispersal and to delineate the effects of plant habitat quality from those of landscape features that affect vector *** analyses of seed dispersal for three species indicate that isolation by landscape resistance is a better predictor of the rates and patterns of dispersal than geographic *** of effective dispersal are lower in areas of high plant habitat quality,which may be due to the effects of the shape of the dispersal kernel or to movement behaviors of biotic *** genetic studies in plants have the potential to provide novel insights into the process of gene flow among populations and to improve our understanding of the behavior of biotic and abiotic dispersal vectors in response to heterogeneous landscapes.

关键词： effective dispersal cpDNA ResistanceGA Circuitscape geographic information systems(GIS) ecological niche modeling(ENM)

Systematic review of giant gastric lipomas reported since 1980 and report of two new cases in a review of 117110 esophagogastroduodenoscopies

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第30期23卷 5619-5633页

作者： mitchell S Cappell Charlton E Stevens Mitual Amin Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology William Beaumont Hospital Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine San Antonio Military Medical Center Department of Pathology William Beaumont Hospital

To systematically review the syndrome of giant gastric lipomas, report 2 new illustrative *** systematically reviewed using PubMed for publications since 1980 with following medical subject heading/keywords: (“giant lipoma”) AND (“gastric”) OR [(“lipoma”) and (“gastric”) and (“bleeding”)]. Two authors independently reviewed literature, and decided by consensus which articles to incorporate. Computerized review of pathology/endoscopy records at William Beaumont Hospitals, Royal Oak and Troy, Michigan, January 2005-December 2015, revealed 2 giant gastric lipomas among 117110 consecutive esophagogastroduodenoscopies (EGDs), which were thoroughly reviewed, including re-review of original endoscopic photographs, radiologic images, and pathologic slides.

关键词： Esophagogastroduodenoscopy Lipoma Gastric Giant Melena Upper gastrointestinal bleeding Systematic review

Characteristic clinical features of Aspergillus appendicitis:Case report and literature review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第44期21卷 12713-12721页

作者： Mihajlo Gjeorgjievski Mitual B Amin mitchell S Cappell Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology William Beaumont Hospital Anatomic Pathology William Beaumont Hospital Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine

This work aims to facilitate diagnosing Aspergillus appendicitis, which can be missed clinically due to its rarity, by proposing a clinical pentad for Aspergillus appendicitis based on literature review and one new case. The currently reported case of pathologicallyproven Aspergillus appendicitis was identified by computerized search of pathology database at William Beaumont Hospital, 1999-2014. Prior cases were identified by computerized literature search. Among 10980 pathology reports of pathologically-proven appendicitis, one case of Aspergillus appendicitis was identified(rate = 0.01%). A young boy with profound neutropenia, recent chemotherapy, and acute myelogenous leukemia presented with right lower quadrant pain, pyrexia, and generalized malaise. Abdominal computed tomography scan showed a thickened appendiceal wall and periappendiceal inflammation, suggesting appendicitis. Emergent laparotomy showed an inflamed, thickened appendix, which was resected. The patient did poorly postoperatively with low-grade-fevers while receiving antibacterial therapy, but rapidly improved after initiating amphotericin therapy. Microscopic examination of a silver stain of the appendectomy specimen revealed fungi with characteristic Aspergillus morphology, findings confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Primary Aspergillus appendicitis is exceptionally rare, with only 3 previously reported cases. All three cases presented with(1)-neutropenia,(2)-recent chemotherapy,(3)-acute leukemia, and(4)-suspected appendicitis;(5)-the two prior cases initially treated with antibacterial therapy, fared poorly before instituting antiAspergillus therapy. The current patient satisfied all these five criteria. Based on these four cases, a clinical pentad is proposed for Aspergillus appendicitis: clinically-suspected appendicitis, neutropenia, recent chemotherapy, acute leukemia, and poor clinical response if treated solely by antibacterial/anti-candidial therapy. Patients presenting with this propos

关键词： Aspergillosis Aspergillus appendicitis Fungal appe

Ocular therapies for neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses: more than meets the eye

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第8期17卷 1755-1756页

作者： Samantha J.Murray Nadia L.mitchell Faculty of Agricultural and Life Sciences Lincoln UniversityLincolnNew Zealand

The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses(NCLs),also known as Batten disease,are a group of inherited,neurodegenerative,lysosomal storage diseases typically manifesting in *** are currently 13 known forms of NCL resulting from various mutations in the CLN(ceroid lipofuscinoses neuronal)genes(CLN1-8 and CLN10-14).Although varying in onset and severity,the NCLs share several phenotypic features including seizures,motor dysfunction,cognitive decline,and progressive loss of vision(Mole et al.,2011).Current treatment strategies being investigated in pre-clinical studies and early stage clinical trials primarily target the brain and spinal *** these potential therapeutics show promise in attenuating neurological disease,protection against retinal dysfunction and degeneration is generally ineffective or not reported.

关键词： degeneration primarily typically

Photocatalysis with visible-light-active uranyl complexes

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Science China Chemistry 2013年第12期56卷 1671-1681页

作者： LI Yong SU Jing mitchell Ellen ZHANG GuoQing LI Jun School of Material Science Guangdong University of Technology Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry Bridgewater College

Atomic energy is an important part of current energy *** of nuclear weapons and applications of nuclear fuels in nuclear power plants have accumulated numerous spent fuels containing238U compounds,which are critical nuclear *** to reduce the nuclear wastes and to make use of the spent uranium are key scientific issues of environmental and nuclear *** have reviewed here the physiochemical properties and photocatalytic mechanisms of homogeneous and heterogeneous uranium-containing *** current research efforts demonstrate that spent fuels can become promising new photocatalytic materials.

关键词： visible-light photocatalysis actinide oxygen-centered radical excited states

Progressive heterosis in genetically defined tetraploid maize

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2019年第8期46卷 389-396页

作者： Jacob D.Washburn mitchell J.McElfresh James A.Birchler Division of Biological Sciences University of Missouri

Progressive heterosis, i.e., the additional hybrid vigor in double-cross tetraploid hybrids not found in their single-cross tetraploid parents, has been documented in a number of species including alfalfa,potato, and maize. In this study, four artificially induced maize tetraploids, directly derived from standard inbred lines, were crossed in pairs to create two single-cross hybrids. These hybrids were then crossed to create double-cross hybrids containing genetic material from all four original lines. Replicated fieldbased phenotyping of the materials over four years indicated a strong progressive heterosis phenotype in tetraploids but not in their diploid counterparts. In particular, the above ground dry weight phenotype of double-cross tetraploid hybrids was on average 34% and 56% heavier than that of the single-cross tetraploid hybrids and the double-cross diploid counterparts, respectively. Additionally,whole-genome resequencing of the original inbred lines and further analysis of these data did not show the expected spectrum of alleles to explain tetraploid progressive heterosis under the complementation of complete recessive model. These results underscore the reality of the progressive heterosis phenotype,its potential utility for increasing crop biomass production, and the need for exploring alternative hypothesis to explain it at a molecular level.

关键词： Maize Tetraploid Heterosis Dominance complementation Progressive heterosis

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