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Aerosol jet printing of surface acoustic wave microfluidic devices

Microsystems & nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 231-242页

作者： Joseph Rich Brian Cole Teng Li Brandon Lu Hanyu Fu brittany n.smith Jianping Xia Shujie Yang Ruoyu Zhong James L.Doherty Kanji Kaneko Hiroaki Suzuki Zhenhua Tian Aaron D.Franklin Tony Jun Huang Department of Biomedical Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVA 24061USA Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Deptartment of Precision Mechanics Faculty of Science and EngineeringChuo UniversityTokyo 112-8551Japan Department of Chemistry Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA

The addition of surface acoustic wave(SAW)technologies to microfluidics has greatly advanced lab-on-a-chip applications due to their unique and powerful attributes,including high-precision manipulation,versatility,integrability,biocompatibility,contactless nature,and rapid ***,the development of SAW microfluidic devices is limited by complex and time-consuming micro/nanofabrication techniques and access to cleanroom facilities for multistep photolithography and vacuum-based *** simplify the fabrication of SAW microfluidic devices with customizable dimensions and functions,we utilized the additive manufacturing technique of aerosol jet *** successfully fabricated customized SAW microfluidic devices of varying materials,including silver nanowires,graphene,and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)polystyrene sulfonate(PEDOT:PSS).To characterize and compare the acoustic actuation performance of these aerosol jet printed SAW microfluidic devices with their cleanroom-fabricated counterparts,the wave displacements and resonant frequencies of the different fabricated devices were directly measured through scanning laser Doppler ***,to exhibit the capability of the aerosol jet printed devices for lab-on-a-chip applications,we successfully conducted acoustic streaming and particle concentration ***,we demonstrated a novel solution-based,direct-write,single-step,cleanroom-free additive manufacturing technique to rapidly develop SAW microfluidic devices that shows viability for applications in the fields of biology,chemistry,engineering,and medicine.

关键词： printing wave fluid

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A randomized controlled trial of Promoting Physical Activity in Regional and Remote Cancer Survivors(PPARCS)

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 81-89页

作者： Sarah J.Hardcastle Chloe Maxwell-smith Vinicius Cavalheri Terry Boyle Marta Leyton Román Cameron Platell Michael Levitt Christobel Saunders Frank Sardelic Sophie nightingale Jacob McCormick Craig Lynch Paul A.Cohen Max Bulsara Dana Hince Sport and Physical Activity Research Centre Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldS102BPUK Institute for Health Research The University of Notre DameFremantleWA 6959Australia Curtin School of Population Health Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia Curtin School of Allied Health Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia Allied Health South Metropolitan Health ServiceMurdochWA 6150Australia Australian Centre for Precision Health University of South AustraliaAdelaideSA 5001Australia Department of Didactics of Musical Plastic and Body ExpressionUniversity of ExtremaduraCaceres 10071Spain St.John of God Subiaco Hospital PerthWA 6008Australia Department of Surgery University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC 3010Australia Tamara Private Hospital TamworthNSW 2340Australia Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre MelbourneVIC 3000Australia College of Health and Medicine Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 2600Australia Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Medical SchoolUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia

Background:Physical activity(PA)is important for cancer *** of remotely delivered interventions are needed to assist in reaching under-served non-metropolitan cancer *** objective of this study was to ascertain whether wearable technology,coupled with health coaching was effective in increasing PA in breast and colorectal cancer survivors living in regional and remote areas in ***:Cancer survivors from 5 states were randomized to intervention and control *** participants were given a Fitbit Charge 2TMand received up to 6 telephone health coaching *** participants received PA print *** assessments at baseline and 12 weeks measured moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA),light PA,and sedentary ***:Eighty-seven participants were recruited(age=63±11 years;74(85%)female).There was a significant net improvement in MVPA of 49.8 min/week,favoring the intervention group(95%confidence interval(95%CI):13.6-86.1,p=0.007).There was also a net increase in MVPA bouts of 39.5 min/week(95%CI:11.9-67.1,p=0.005),favoring the intervention *** groups improved light PA and sedentary behavior,but there were no between-group ***:This’s the first study to demonstrate that,when compared to standard practice(i.e.,PA education),a wearable technology intervention coupled with distance-based health coaching,improves MVPA in non-metropolitan cancer *** results display promise for the use of scalable interventions using smart wearable technology in conjunction with phone-based health coaching to foster increased PA in geographically disadvantaged cancer survivors.

关键词： Behavior change Exercise Health disparities Oncology Wearable technology

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Predictors of the placebo response in a nutraceutical randomized controlled trial for depression

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期22卷 46-53页

作者： Rosemary Arnold Jenifer Murphy-smith Chee H.ng David Mischoulon Gerard J.Byrne Chad A.Bousman Con Stough Michael Berk Jerome Sarris Professorial Unit the Melbourne ClinicDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity of MelbourneRichmond 3121Australia Depression Clinical and Research Program Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Faculty of Medicine Discipline of PsychiatryCentre for Clinical ResearchRoyal Brisbane&Women’s HospitalHerstonthe University of QueenslandBrisbane 4006Australia Departments of Medical Genetics PsychiatryPhysiology&Pharmacology and Community Health SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Department of Psychiatry the University of MelbourneMelbourne 3052Australia Centre for Human Psychopharmacology Swinburne UniversityMelbourne 3122Australia The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation School of MedicineBarwon HealthDeakin UniversityGeelong 3220Australia The Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health the University of MelbourneParkville 3052Australia Florey Institute of neuroscience and Mental Health the University of MelbourneParkville 3052Australia nICM Health Research Institute Western Sydney UniversityWestmeadNSW 2145Australia

Objective The placebo response in depression studies is the change in symptoms amongst those who receive an inactive *** well-designed randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of depression have a high proportion of placebo responders,with little understanding as to *** present study assesses characteristics associated with the placebo response in a nutraceutical trial with a large proportion of placebo *** This is a secondary analysis of a nutraceutical depression RCT which identified no overall treatment benefit relative to placebo(n=69 in placebo group).We investigated participant characteristics such as socio-demographics,clinical features,and recruitment methods,and their association with the placebo *** genetic polymorphisms were also *** response was measured based on change in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale *** association of these hypothesis-driven variables of interest and the placebo response was examined using linear mixed effects *** Greater levels of education,particularly pursuing post-high school education,better self-reported general health,marriage/de facto,greater improvement in the first trial week,and more failed antidepressant therapies in the current depressive episode were associated with greater placebo *** increased placebo response was not found in those recruited via social media nor in those with concomitant antidepressant *** nucleotide polymorphisms from the tryptophan hydroxylase 1(TPH1)gene(A779C and A218C)were weakly associated with greater placebo response,although the evidence was attenuated after accounting for multiple *** This is,to our knowledge,the first study within nutraceutical research for depression to assess the association between participant characteristics and variation in the placebo *** variables appeared to predict the placebo *** findings may encourage future trial design

关键词： Randomized controlled trial Placebo Depression nutraceutical Psychiatry

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Evaluation of Ruminal Dry Matter Disappearance and pH of Dry Corn, High-Moisture Corn, and Rye under in Vitro Conditions

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 327-332页

作者： Warren Carl Rusche Zachary Kidd Foster smith South Dakota State University Brookings South Dakota USA

An in vitro experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of grain type on in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD) and pH using ruminal fluid and a buffer reagent. Five beef cows were used for ruminal fluid collection and ruminal fluid was pooled prior to use. The cows used for ruminal fluid collection were maintained on a forage-based diet (60:40 forage to concentrate) for 28 d prior to ruminal fluid collection. Three grain types were evaluated: 1) dry corn (89% dry matter;DRC), 2) high-moisture corn (72% dry matter;HMC) and 3) rye (89% dry matter;RYE). Data were analyzed as a completely randomized design. A total of twenty-one replications of each grain type were used for statistical analysis (n = 63 tubes total). IVDMD was greater (P ≤ 0.05) by 97.1% and 46.4% for RYE compared to DRC and HMC, respectively. Additionally, IVDMD was greater (P = 0.05) by 34.6% for HMC compared to DRC. Final pH was decreased (P ≤ 0.05) for RYE by 12.3% and 2.8% for RYE compared to DRC and HMC, respectively. Also, final pH was decreased (P = 0.05) by 9.8% for HMC compared to DRC. These data indicate that corn harvest method (dry vs. high-moisture) influences IVDMD and final pH and that rye has a greater disappearance of dry matter and lower final pH than corn under in vitro conditions.

关键词： Corn Grain Processing Ruminal Fermentation Rye

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Survey of unmanned subterranean exploration,navigation,and localisation

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IET Cyber-Systems and Robotics 2020年第1期2卷 1-13页

作者： Jeffrey Martz Wesam Al-Sabban Ryan n.smith Physics and Engineering Fort Lewis CollegeDurangoCOUSA Computer and Information Systems umm Al Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia

Subsurface networks include mining tunnels,caves,and the urban *** of these environments presents a complex setting with significant challenges in exploration,exploitation,*** hazards exist,including environmental and structural,and conditions degrade and change *** present a survey of research in autonomy,networking and mobility focused on exploring and/or mapping subsurface networks in unpredictable and unexplored *** focus is on mining tunnels as a proxy subterranean environment;motivated by the proximity of the authors to the Bonita Peak Mining District;a Superfund site consisting of 48 historic mines which have contaminated soil,groundwater and surface water with heavy metals as a result of historic *** exploration and assessment of the mining tunnels for remediation efforts presents an extremely challenging problem in subterranean ***,the environment in question is the most extreme and challenging subterranean *** assets must enter to explore and re-map the tunnels to assess safety for subsequent entrance by robots and/or humans for proper *** survey is split into three categories--Locomotion,GPS-denied navigation and localization,and *** is concluded with a proposed design for a platform that addresses the difficulties of exploring an abandoned mine.

关键词： groundwater underground exploration

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Utilization of RnA sequencing to investigate olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps:A pilot study

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 29-36页

作者： Jorge A.Gutierrez III Jeremy L.Barth Rodney J.Schlosser Thomas S.Edwards Timothy L.smith Zachary M.Soler Department of Otolaryngology-Head and neck Surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Department of Regenerative Medicine&Cell Biology Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and neck Surgery Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA

Objectives:Prior research on olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS)has focused on patients with polyps and suggests that direct inflammation of the olfactory cleft mucosa plays a contributory *** purpose of this study was to evaluate gene expression in superior turbinate mucosal specimens,comparing normosmic and dysosmic CRS patients without polyps(CRSsnP).Methods:Tissue samples were obtained from the superior turbinates of patients with CRSsnP at the time of endoscopic sinus *** subsequently underwent RnA sequencing and functional analysis to investigate biological pathways associated with differentially expressed genes between dysosmic(n=7)and normosmic(n=4)***:Differential gene expression analysis comparing dysosmic and normosmic CRSsnP patients showed upregulation of 563 genes and downregulation of 327 *** stringent criteria for multiple comparisons,one upregulated gene(Immediate Early Response 3[IER3])had an false discovery rate(FDR)correction adjustedP value considered statistically significant(Pnge 2.69).Reactome functional analysis revealed eight biological pathways significantly different between dysosmic and normosmic patients(Pn)including IL-4 and IL-13 signaling,IL-10 signaling,and rhodopsin-like ***:RnA sequencing of the superior turbinates in patients with CRSsnP can provide valuable information regarding biological pathways and genes involved in olfactory *** study supports literature suggesting that Type 2 inflammation may play a role in olfactory dysfunction in at least some patients with *** study also prompts questions regarding the role of IL-10,rhodopsin-like receptors,andIER3 in the pathogenesis of olfactory dysfunction.

关键词： chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps olfactory dysfunction RnA sequencing

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Would behavioral thermoregulation enable pregnant viviparous tropical lizards to cope with a warmer world?

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Integrative Zoology 2017年第5期12卷 379-395页

作者： Saúl LÓPEZ-ALCAIDE Miguel nAKAMURA Eric n.smith Enrique MARTÍnEZ-MEYER Departament of Zoology Institute of BiologyNational Autonomous University of MexicoMexico CityMexico Center for Research in Mathematics GuanajuatoMexico Amphibian and Reptile Diversity Research Center and Department of Biology University of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTexasUSA

Sceloporus lizards depend on external heat to achieve their preferred temperature(Tsel)for performing physiological *** both in the field and laboratory indicates that pregnant females of this Genus select body temperatures(Tb)lower than 34℃ as higher temperatures may be lethal to ***,thermoregulation is crucial for successful embryo *** the increase in global air temperature,it is expected that the first compensatory response of species that inhabit tropical climates will be behavioral *** tested whether viviparous Sceloporus formosus group lizards in the wild exhibited differences in thermoregulatory behavior to achieve the known Tsel for developing embryos regardless of local thermal *** quantified field active body temperature,thermoregulatory behavior mechanisms(time of sighting,microhabitat used and basking time)and available microhabitat thermal conditions(*** temperature)for 10 lizard species during gestation,distributed along an altitudinal *** applied both conventional and phylogenic analyses to explore whether Tb or behavioral thermoregulation could be regulated in response to different thermal *** species showed no significant differences in field Tb during gestation regardless of local thermal *** contrast,they exhibited significant differences in their behavioral thermoregulation associated with local environmental *** on these observations,the differences in thermoregulatory behavior identified are interpreted as compensatory adjustments to local thermal *** conclude that these species may deal with higher temperatures predicted for the tropics by modulating their thermoregulatory behavior.

关键词： altitudinal gradient behavior global warming Sceloporus formosus thermal stress

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Does the use of double hormone replacement therapy for trauma patient organ donors improve organ recovery for transplant

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第2期14卷 119-125页

作者： Eden M Gallegos Tanner Reed Paige Deville Blake Platt Claudia Leonardi Lillian Bellfi Jessica Dufrene Saad Chaudhary John Hunt Lance Stuke Patrick Greiffenstein Jonathan Schoen Alan Marr Anil Paramesh Alison A smith Department of Physiology Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70124United States Department of Medicine Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70112United States Department of Surgery Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70112United States Department of Trauma Surgery Tacoma General HospitalTacoma 98405United States Department of Public Health Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70112United States Department of Donation Services Louisiana Organ Procurement AgencyCovingtonLA 70433United States Department of Surgery Tulane Transplant InstituteTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLA 70112United States

BACKGROUnD With an ongoing demand for transplantable organs,optimization of donor management protocols,specifically in trauma populations,is important for obta-ining a high yield of viable organs per *** management of brain-dead potential organ donors(BPODs)is controversial,leading to heterogeneous clinical management *** studies have shown that when levo-thyroxine was combined with other treatments,including steroids,vasopressin,and insulin,BPODs had better organ recovery and survival outcomes were increased for transplant *** To determine if levothyroxine use in combination with steroids in BPODs increased the number of organs donated in trauma *** A retrospective review of adult BPODs from a single level 1 trauma center over ten years was *** criteria included patients who were not solid organ donors,patients who were not declared brain dead(donation after circulatory death),and patients who did not receive steroids in their hospital *** and steroid administration,the number of organs donated,the types of organs donated,and demographic information were *** analyses were performed with Pnsidered to be statistically *** A total of 88 patients met inclusion criteria,69(78%)of whom received levothyroxine and steroids(ST/LT group)vs 19(22%)receiving steroids without levothyroxine(ST group).no differences were observed between the groups for gender,race,pertinent injury factors,age,or other hormone therapies used(P>0.05).In the ST/LT group,68.1%(n=47)donated a high yield(3-5)of organ types per donor compared to 42.1%(n=8)in the ST group(P=0.038).There was no difference in the total number of organ types donated between the groups(P=0.068).COnCLUSIOn This study suggests that combining levothyroxine and steroid administration increases high-yield organ donation per donor in BPODs in the trauma patient *** to this study include

关键词： Organ donation Trauma Brain death Levothyroxine Hormone replacement therapy Steroids Organ donor Retrospective

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Improving photosynthetic efficiency toward food security:Strategies,advances,and perspectives

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Molecular Plant 2023年第10期16卷 1547-1563页

作者： Edward n.smith Marvin van Aalst Tiina Tosens Ülo niinemets Benjamin Stich Tomas Morosinotto Alessandro Alboresi Tobias J.Erb Paul AGómez-Coronado Dimitri Tolleter Giovanni Finazzi Gilles Curien Matthias Heinemann Oliver Ebenhöh Julian M.Hibberd Urte Schlüter Tianshu Sun Andreas P.M.Weber Faculty of Science and Engineering Molecular Systems Biology–Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and BiotechnologyNijenborgh 49747 AG Groningenthe Netherlands Institute of Quantitative and Theoretical Biology Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science(CEPLAS)Heinrich Heine UniversityUniversitätsstrasse 140225 DüsseldorfGermany Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Estonian University of Life Sciences51006 TartuEstonia Institute of Quantitative Genetics and Genomics of Plants Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science(CEPLAS)Heinrich Heine UniversityUniversitätsstrasse 140225 DüsseldorfGermany Department of Biology University of Padova35131 PadovaItaly Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology Department of Biochemistry&Synthetic Metabolism35043 MarburgGermany Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble IRIG-LPCVGrenoble Alpes UniversityCNRSCEAINRAE38000 GrenobleFrance Molecular Physiology Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB23EAUK Institute for Plant Biochemistry Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science(CEPLAS)Heinrich Heine UniversityUniversitätsstrasse 140225 DüsseldorfGermany Institute for Breeding Research on Agricultural Crops Federal Research Center for Cultivated Plants18190 SanitzGermany

Photosynthesis in crops and natural vegetation allows light energy to be converted into chemical energy and thus forms the foundation for almost all terrestrial trophic networks on *** efficiency of photosynthetic energy conversion plays a crucial role in determining the portion of incident solar radiation that can be used to generate plant biomass throughout a growth ***,alongside the factors such as resource availability,crop management,crop selection,maintenance costs,and intrinsic yield potential,photosynthetic energy use efficiency significantly influences crop *** efficiency is relevant to sustainability and food security because it affects water use efficiency,nutrient use efficiency,and land use *** review focuses specifically on the potential for improvements in photosynthetic efficiency to drive a sustainable increase in crop *** discuss bypassing photorespiration,enhancing light use efficiency,harnessing natural variation in photosynthetic parameters for breeding purposes,and adopting new-to-nature approaches that show promise for achieving unprecedented gains in photosynthetic efficiency.

关键词： photosynthesis photorespiration photorespiratory bypass natural variation synthetic biology plant metabolic engineering

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The missing base molecules in atmospheric acid-base nucleation

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national Science Review 2022年第10期9卷 196-208页

作者： Runlong Cai Rujing Yin Chao Yan Dongsen Yang Chenjuan Deng Lubna Dada Juha Kangasluoma Jenni Kontkanen Roope Halonen Yan Ma Xiuhui Zhang Pauli Paasonen Tuukka Pet?j? Veli-Matti Kerminen Yongchun Liu Federico Bianchi Jun Zheng Lin Wang Jiming Hao James n.smith neil M. Donahue Markku Kulmala Douglas R.Worsnop Jingkun Jiang Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies Carnegie Mellon University Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Aerodyne Research Inc. State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics Faculty of Science University of Helsinki Aerosol and Haze Laboratory Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute Center for Joint Quantum Studies and Department of Physics School of Science Tianjin University Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University Chemistry Department University of California

Transformation of low-volatility gaseous precursors to new particles affects aerosol number concentration,cloud formation and hence the *** clustering of acid and base molecules is a major mechanism driving fast nucleation and initial growth of new particles in the ***,the acid-base cluster composition,measured using state-of-the-art mass spectrometers,cannot explain the measured high formation rate of new *** we present strong evidence for the existence of base molecules such as amines in the smallest atmospheric sulfuric acid clusters prior to their detection by mass *** demonstrate that forming(H2SO4)1(amine)1is the rate-limiting step in atmospheric H2SO4-amine nucleation and the uptake of(H2SO4)1(amine)1is a major pathway for the initial growth of *** proposed mechanism is very consistent with measured new particle formation in urban Beijing,in which dimethylamine is the key base for H2SO4nucleation while other bases such as ammonia may contribute to the growth of larger *** findings further underline the fact that strong amines,even at low concentrations and when undetected in the smallest clusters,can be crucial to particle formation in the planetary boundary layer.

关键词： acid-base nucleation aerosol new particle formation polluted urban environment

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