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Climate Change-Related Disaster Risk Events in Togo: A Systematic Review

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第1期13卷 1-13页

作者： Massama-Esso P. Assiah Gouvidé Jean gbaguidi Mouhamed Idrissou Kossivi Hounake West African Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use (WASCAL) Department of Geography Faculty of Human and Social Sciences Université de Lomé Lomé Togo école Polytechnique de Lomé Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Faculté de Droit Université de Lomé Lomé Togo

Togo is facing significant climate challenges that have profound consequences for its environment, economy, and population. This study provides an overview of various climate phenomena affecting Togo and highlights potential adaptation strategies. We used the inclusion and exclusion criteria (PRISMA) to search both French and English articles on climate change-related disaster risk events in Togo through Google Scholar, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and PubMed databases using the keywords “Climate Change”, “Floods”, “Drought”, “Coastal erosion”, “High winds”, “Epidemy”, Heatwaves”, and “Air pollution”. Twenty-five articles from 2000-2023 were included in this study after applying different criteria. Droughts, floods, coastal erosion, food and crop productivity loss, heatwaves, spread of vector-borne diseases, air pollution, and high winds are among the climate phenomena discussed. These challenges are driven by climate change, altering precipitation patterns, increasing temperatures, and rising sea levels. Drought, floods, coastal erosion, loss of food and crop productivity, spread of vector-borne diseases, air pollution and heatwaves are the most climate risks experienced by Togo. Drought contributes to decreased plant cover, water scarcity, and changes in the water and energy balance. Floods cause property damage, health risks, and disruptions to livelihoods. Coastal erosion threatens coastal communities, infrastructure, and ecosystems. Adaptation strategies include early warning systems, improved water management, sustainable agriculture, urban and health planning, and greenhouse gas emissions reduction. Drought-resistant crops, mosquito control, and clean energy adoption are essential.

关键词： Disaster Risks Impacts Climate Change Vulnerability Togo

Uncovering the Challenges of Faecal Sludge Management in Benin’s Urban Hubs: The Cases of Abomey-Calavi and Natitingou

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第7期15卷 767-780页

作者： Nikita Topanou Blaise Agbatchi Gouvidé Jean gbaguidi Jacques Fatombi Fidèle Paul Tchobo Kaba Laboratory of Chemical Research and Application (LaKReCA) Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology of Natitingou University of Abomey Natitingou Bnin Laboratory of Study and Research in Applied Chemistry Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi (LERCA/EPAC/UAC) Cotonou Bnin

The issue of faecal sludge management in developing countries remains a significant challenge due to the indiscriminate discharge of sludge into the environment. This practice generates more environmental problems than it solves. This study aims to assess the management of household faecal sludge in the communes of Abomey-Calavi and Natitingou, Benin, in order to optimise the best storage conditions for subsequent more effective treatment. To this end, a sociological survey was conducted among households in Abomey-Calavi and Natitingou, as well as among manual emptiers. The results of our studies revealed that two types of latrines are used in households. 20.55% of households use traditional latrines, while 59.83% use ordinary latrines. 7.97% of households use both types of latrine. Moreover, the depth of the latrines varies from 2.5 m to 7 m in Abomey-Calavi and from 2.5 m to 8 m in Natitingou. Among households with a latrine, 28.26% empty their pit at least once, while 71.74% have never emptied it. The emptying cost varies between 35,000 FCFA and 90,000 FCFA. The mixing of faecal sludge with solid waste, including plastic materials, makes emptying difficult due to the obstruction of the vacuum pump. The results obtained will serve as a reliable database to facilitate decision-making in the context of faecal sludge management.

关键词： Management Faecal Sludge Valorization Benin

Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease among Hotel Workers, Bohicon, Benin

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2024年第2期12卷 130-141页

作者： Mênonli Adjobimey Rose Mikponhoué Eméline gbaguidi Esdras Hountohotegbè Hélène Sacca Paul Ayélo Vikkey Antoine Hinson Unité de Recherche et d&#8217Enseignement en Sant&#233 au Travail et Environnement FSS Cotonou Cotonou Benin Service de Santé au Travail du Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire de Pneumo Phtisiologie de Cotonou Cotonou Benin Laboratoire d’ Epid&#233miologie des Maladies Chroniques et Neurologiques FSS Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are on the increase in several sectors of activity. The aim of the study was to determine the frequencies of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and factors associated with hypertension among hotel workers in the city of Bohicon. Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted in the period from December 2018 to January 2019. The variables studied were sociodemographic, occupational, anthropometric and behavioral. Participant recruitment was exhaustive. A standardized questionnaire inspired by the STEPS-WHO questionnaire was used for data collection. After the descriptive analysis, a bivariate analysis was performed using Pearson’s Chi-square test or Fisher’s test at the 5% threshold. Results: A total of 101 workers, 53 (52.47%) of them male, participated in the study. The mean age was 30.60 ± 8.20 years, with extremes of 18 and 55 years. The frequencies of the main risk factors were: 68.32% sitting position > 6 hours/day;38.61% shift work;21.78% high psychological demand, 82.18% low decision latitude, 24.75% low social support, 21.78% occupational stress;7 (6.93%) harmful alcohol consumption;6.93% tobacco consumption;48.51% insufficient physical activity;98.02% insufficient fruit and vegetable consumption;59.41% overweight;14.85% HTA. Factors associated with hypertension were: sex, age and marital status. Conclusion: Occupational factors need to be taken into account when assessing CVRFs. NCD control programs are needed in all sectors of activity. A larger study is needed in the hotel sector.

关键词： FDRCV Occupational Factors Hypertension Hotels Benin

Distribution of Atmospheric Pollution in Southern Benin

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Open Journal of Air Pollution 2024年第1期13卷 23-55页

作者： Dossou-Gbete Sèdami Codjo Joël Kpadonou Dominique gbaguidi An Magloire Elegbede Vitalique Saizonou Kpèssou Virtus Mickael Youssao Abdou Karim Alassane Dovonon Firmin Léonce Vodounnon Armand Doctoral School of Exact and Applied Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Abomey-Calavi Benin Ecotoxicology and Quality Study Research Unit Applied Chemistry Study and Research Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering-Processes (GC-P) Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Africa Synergy Group Plus Cotonou Benin

This study focuses on air quality in southern Benin in order to show public authorities what the Beninese populations are exposed to for efficient decision-making. Two sampling campaigns were carried out, one in the wet period and the other in the dry season. The measurements were taken using a monitor called an “Air Quality Monitor”. For data processing, the multiple comparison methods of Dun (1961) and the Wilcoxon test were used. To maintain legitimacy, all spatial data were included in the official cartographic repository of Benin: WGS 1984, Transverse Mercator Universe Projection (UTM), Zone 31 North. The Moran statistic was used to measure the levels of spatial autocorrelation of the variables studied and to test the significance. In order to locate the spatial subsets, the local spatial association indices of Anselin Local Moran and Getis-Ord, Gi* were used. In terms of results, on the 13 monitoring sites and the 8 parameters chosen to determine air quality, we do not note any significant inter-seasonal difference. Of the eight parameters, only three parameters present spatial autocorrelation leading to predictions of ambient air quality over the entire study area based on the distance separating the points, namely, PM2.5, PM10 and ambient air quality index (AQI). The localities affected by atmospheric pollution in South Benin are located in the south-western part of Benin, headed by Cotonou, which is heavily polluted by CO2, TCOV, PM10 and PM2.5.

关键词： Spatial Distribution Atmospheric Pollutants Southern Benin

Nonparametric estimation for stationary and strongly mixing processes on Riemannian manifolds

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Communications in Mathematics and Statistics 2022年第4期10卷 599-621页

作者： Amour T.gbaguidi Amoussou Freedath Djibril Moussa Carlos Ogouyandjou Mamadou Abdoul Diop IMSP Universitéd’Abomey-Calavi(UAC)DangboBenin FAST Universitéd’Abomey-CalaviAbomey-CalaviBenin UniversitéGaston Berger DakarSenegal

In this paper,nonparametric estimation for a stationary strongly mixing and manifoldvalued process(X_(j))is *** this non-Euclidean and not necessarily i.i.d setting,we propose kernel density estimators of the joint probability density function,of the conditional probability density functions and of the conditional expectations of functionals of X_(j)given the past behavior of the *** prove the strong consistency of these estimators under sufficient conditions,and we illustrate their performance through simulation studies and real data analysis.

关键词： Riemannian manifolds Nonparametric estimation Kernel density estimation Stationary and strongly mixing processes Strong consistency

Ammonium Variational Trends and the Ammonia Neutralization Effect on Acid Rain over East Asia

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2010年第2期3卷 120-126页

作者： GAO Chao WANG Zi-Fa Enagnon A. gbaguidi State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics＇ and Atmospheric Chemistry/Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

The distribution and variations of ammonium and the ammonia neutralization effect on acid rain were examined in East Asia during the period of 2000 05 using observed wet deposition data from the Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia (EANET).Observational trends show a high proportion of NH 4 + in the total cations,with a six-year mean proportion of over 20% for continental and inland *** concentrations and deposition of NH 4 + were higher in western China and Vietnam than in other *** annual variations in NH 4 + concentration were smooth in most of the regions,except for southern China and Vietnam,where the NH 4 + concentrations increased,and western China,where the NH 4 + concentrations *** neutralization factors (NFs) of NH 4 + indicate that ammonia has a great neutralization capability toward acid rain,including for the regions with low NH 4 + concentrations,such as *** NFs were high in summer,with no obvious discrepancies between the northern and southern ***,the correlation coefficients between NH 4 + concentrations and rain pH values imply that the ammonia neutralization effects on the pH values were distinct only at southern China and southern Japan *** neutralization of precipitation by ammonia was estimated by comparing the discrepancies between the observed pH values and the pH values calculated without ammonia consuming the H + in NH 4 +.The results demonstrate that ammonia may increase annual mean pH values by 0.4 0.7 in southern China and by 0.15 0.25 in southern Japan.

关键词： acid rain ammonium neutralization effect

多模式模拟评估奥运赛事期间可吸入颗粒物减排效果

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环境科学学报 2010年第9期30卷 1739-1748页

作者：吴其重王自发徐文帅黄江平 Alex gbaguidi 大气边界层物理与大气化学国家重点实验室中国科学院大气物理研究所北京100029 竺可桢-南森国际研究中心中国科学院大气物理研究所北京100029 中国科学院研究生院北京100049 北京市环境保护监测中心北京100048

以空气质量多模式系统为工具,分析奥运赛事期间可吸入颗粒物(PM10)浓度大幅减小特征,从气象场和排放源两方面研究PM10浓度大幅减小的主要原因.多模式系统由嵌套网格空气质量模式(NAQPMS)、通用空气质量多尺度模式(CMAQ)和复杂大气空气... 详细信息

以空气质量多模式系统为工具,分析奥运赛事期间可吸入颗粒物(PM10)浓度大幅减小特征,从气象场和排放源两方面研究PM10浓度大幅减小的主要原因.多模式系统由嵌套网格空气质量模式(NAQPMS)、通用空气质量多尺度模式(CMAQ)和复杂大气空气质量三维模式(CAMx)3个空气质量复合模型组成,并以中尺度气象模式(MM5)和稀疏矩阵排放处理模型(SMOKE)提供统一气象场及排放源.研究对比2006年8月、2008年8月两组气象条件下北京PM10浓度水平及模拟效果,结果表明奥运赛事期间PM10浓度大幅减小的主要原因不是气象因素,而是由于额外措施引起的PM10排放减少.同时采用多模式系统数值模拟反向评估,获得北京奥运赛事期间奥运控制及额外减排措施引起的PM10减排量,结果表明,奥运赛事期间所有额外控制措施对颗粒物浓度效果相当于在2008年8月气象条件下,削减大约200t.d-1的无组织PM10排放,相当于北京正常时期PM10排放的50%.

关键词：奥运赛事期间 PM10 排放量评估空气质量多模式

蒙特卡罗不确定性分析在O_3模拟中的初步应用

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气候与环境研究 2010年第5期15卷 541-550页

作者：唐晓王自发朱江吴其重 gbaguidi Alex 中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理与大气化学国家重点试验室北京100029 中国科学院大气物理研究所竺可桢-南森国际中心北京100029 中国科学院研究生院北京100049

利用蒙特卡罗不确定性分析方法,分析了嵌套网格空气质量模式系统(NAQPMS/IAP)中154个模式输入变量不确定性对臭氧模拟的影响,量化了模式在北京奥运会期间臭氧模拟的不确定性,并确定出了主要不确定性因子。结果表明:(1)在奥运会期间(2008... 详细信息

利用蒙特卡罗不确定性分析方法,分析了嵌套网格空气质量模式系统(NAQPMS/IAP)中154个模式输入变量不确定性对臭氧模拟的影响,量化了模式在北京奥运会期间臭氧模拟的不确定性,并确定出了主要不确定性因子。结果表明:(1)在奥运会期间(2008年8月8日～2008年8月24日),北京城区臭氧模拟的平均不确定性为19ppb,不确定性存在明显的日变化特征,白天不确定性大,夜间不确定性小。(2)在白天,北京城区近地层臭氧模拟最重要的不确定性来源是局地前体物排放,其次是NO2光解系数、风向、北京周边前体物排放和垂直扩散系数。另外,地面约150m以上,对臭氧模拟影响最大的不确定性因子是风向和北京周边前体物排放;夜间,北京城区近地层臭氧模拟的最大不确定性来源是局地NOx排放和垂直扩散系数。

关键词：蒙特卡罗方法不确定性分析臭氧模拟北京奥运会

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北京地面O_3的集合预报试验

气候与环境研究 2010年第5期15卷 677-684页

作者：唐晓王自发朱江 gbaguidi Alex 吴其重中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理与大气化学国家重点实验室北京100029 中国科学院大气物理研究所竺可桢-南森国际中心北京100029 中国科学院研究生院北京100049

基于蒙特卡罗集合预报方法建立了一个北京地面臭氧的集合预报系统,该系统对包括排放源、气象场在内的154个模式输入和参数进行了扰动,共包含了50个集合成员。利用该集合预报系统模拟了北京奥运会期间一次臭氧过程(2008年8月11日～8月13... 详细信息

基于蒙特卡罗集合预报方法建立了一个北京地面臭氧的集合预报系统,该系统对包括排放源、气象场在内的154个模式输入和参数进行了扰动,共包含了50个集合成员。利用该集合预报系统模拟了北京奥运会期间一次臭氧过程(2008年8月11日～8月13日),分析了集合预报系统在概率预报,最优集合子集预报以及表征预报可靠性方面的特点。结果表明:与原确定性预报相比,集合预报能为用户提供更加丰富的预报信息,通过概率预报可以提供不同事件发生的概率,对臭氧事件的预报准确率更高。采用最优集合子集预报方式时的臭氧预报均方根误差比原确定性预报低了10%以上。

关键词：集合预报臭氧不确定性北京奥运会