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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第6期13卷 244-256页

作者： Carla Gabriela Carlot Zorzi Alcindo Neckel laércio Stolfo Maculan Grace Tibério Cardoso leila Dal Moro Alexandre Almeida Del Savio leopoldo D.Z.Carrasco Marcos l.S.Oliveira Eliane Thaines Bodah brian William Bodah Faculdade Meridional IMED304-Passo Fundo-RS 99070-220Brazil Universidad de lima Avenida Javier Prado Este 4600–Santiago de Surco 1503Peru Department of Civil and Environmental.Universidad de la Costa CUCCalle 58#55–66BarranquillaAtlánticoColombia State University of New York Onondaga Community College4585 West Seneca TurnpikeSyracuseNY 13215USA Thaines and Bodah Center for Education and Development 840 South Meadowlark LaneOthelloWA 99344USA

The novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has the potential to cause natural ventilation systems in hospital environments to be rendered inadequate, not only for workers but also for people who transit through these environments even for a limited duration. Studies in of the fields of geosciences and engineering,when combined with appropriate technologies, allow for the possibility of reducing the impacts of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the environment, including those of hospitals which are critical centers for healthcare. In this work, we build parametric 3D models to assess the possible circulation of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the natural ventilation system of a hospital built to care infected patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Building Information Modeling(BIM) was performed, generating 3D models of hospital environments utilizing Revit software for Autodesk CFD 2021. The evaluation considered dimensional analyses of 0°, 45°, 90° and 180°. The analysis of natural ventilation patterns on both internal and external surfaces and the distribution of windows in relation to the displacement dynamics of the SARS-CoV-2 virus through the air were considered. The results showed that in the external area of the hospital, the wind speed reached velocities up to 2.1 m/s when entering the building through open windows. In contact with the furniture, this value decreased to 0.78 m/s. In some internal isolation wards that house patients with COVID-19, areas that should be equipped with negative room pressure, air velocity was null. Our study provides insights into the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 contamination in internal hospital environments as well as external areas surrounding hospitals, both of which encounter high pedestrian traffic in cities worldwide.

关键词： COVID-19 global epidemic Dimensional analysis Wind velocity Hospital environment Contamination

Examination of Sexually Dimorphic Behavior on the Novel-Image Novel-location Recognition Memory Test

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2011年第3期1卷 134-139页

作者： brian J. Piper Alia l. Yasen Jeremy K. Miller 不详

Objectives: Sex differences in object location memory favoring females appear to be a replicable phenomenon but may also depend on the task demands. This investigation evaluated if females outperformed males at both a short (immediate) and long (half-hour) interval between the learn and test condition using a recently developed version of the Novel-Image Novel-location (NINl) test (Piper et al. 2011, Physiology & Behavior, 103, 513 - 522). Methods: Young-adults (N = 184) completed a standardized handedness inventory and the NINl. Results: Participants assigned to the Immediate and Delayed conditions did not differ in age, sex, or handedness. The NINl total score was higher among females at the Immediate, but not Delayed, interval. However, within the Delayed condition, females excelled at correctly identifying the unchanged items with a similar pattern for the Novel-location (Nl) scale. Conclusion: These findings are consistent with the view that sexually dimorphic performance favoring females in neurocognitive function can also extend to tasks that have a spatial component.

关键词： Apolipoprotein E Female learning Memory

Barriers in performing physical assessment among nursing students:An integrative review

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2021年第1期8卷 120-129,I0008页

作者： Jestoni D.Maniago Evelyn E.Feliciano Adelina M.Santos Cyrelle l.Agunod Cris S.Adolfo brian A.Vasquez Abdulrhman Albougami Joseph U.Almazan Department of Nursing College of Applied Medical SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Nazarbayev University School of Medicine Nazarbayev UniversityNur-Sultan010000Republic of Kazakhstan

Objectives:This study aimed to identify barriers in performing physical assessments among nursing students through integrative review ***:The literature were searched in Medline,CINAHl,ScienceDirect,Web of Science,ProQuest,and Taylor&Francis Online using the descriptors barrier,physical assessment,nursing student et *** English-language and peer-reviewed journal articles were included,and there were no year ***:Twelve articles were selected for *** aspects were extracted:the barriers included personal challenges,challenges related to nursing education,challenges related to clinical practice;establishing competency-based education learning as a method to reduce physical assessment *** competencies and experiences were influenced by various factors that collectively hindered their successful performance of physical ***:The review findings provide valuable insights into the complex issues involved in the performance of physical assessments and guidance for improvement in practice.A collaborative effort should be made to address the issues often faced by nursing students in performing routine physical ***,more constructive and competency-based teaching methods should be integrated into academic and clinical settings.

关键词： Clinical competence Nursing education Physical assessment Problem solving

Testing whether adrenal steroids mediate phenotypic and physiologic effects of elevated salinity on larval tiger salamanders

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第1期18卷 27-44页

作者： brian J.TORNABENE Erica J.CRESPI Creagh W.BREUNER Blake R.HOSSACK Wildlife Biology Program W.A.Franke College of Forestry&ConservationUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMontanaUSA School of Biological Sciences Center for Reproductive SciencesWashington State UniversityPullmanWashingtonUSA U.S.Geological Survey Northern Rocky Mountain Science CenterMissoulaMontanaUSA

Salinity(sodium chloride,NaCl)from anthropogenic sources is a persistent contaminant that negatively affects freshwater *** can be susceptible to salinity,but some species are innately or adaptively *** mechanisms mediating tolerance to salinity are still unclear,but changes in osmoregulatory hor-mones such as corticosterone(CORT)and aldosterone(AlDO)are prime *** exposed larval barred tiger salamanders(Ambystoma mavortium)to environmentally relevant NaCl treatments(l-1)for 24 days to test effects on growth,survival,and waterborne CORT *** those sampled,we also quantiﬁed waterborne AlDO from a *** a glucocorticoid antagonist(RU486),we also experimentally suppressed CORT signaling of some larvae to determine if CORT mediates effects of *** were no strong differ-ences in survival among salinity treatments,but salinity reduced dry mass,snout–vent length,and body condition while increasing water content of *** survival and sublethal effects demonstrated that salamanders were physiologically challenged but could tolerate the experimental *** signaling did not attenuate sublethal effects of *** and stress-induced(after an acute stressor,shaking)CORT were not inﬂu-enced by *** was correlated with baseline CORT,suggesting it could be difﬁcult to decouple the roles of CORT and *** studies comparing AlDO and CORT responses of adaptively tolerant and previously unexposed populations could be beneﬁcial to understand the roles of these hormones in tolerance to ***-ertheless,our study enhances our understanding of the roles of corticosteroid hormones in mediating effects of a prominent anthropogenic stressor.

关键词： caudate conservation physiology glucocorticoids sodium chloride tolerance

THE REPRODUCTIVE CYClE IN lIMNOPERNA FORTUNEI (DUNKER 1857) (BIVAlVIA: MYTIlIDAE) FOUlING HONG KONG'S RAW WATER SUPPlY SYSTEM

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海洋与湖沼 1982年第4期 319-324页

作者： brian Morton Department of Zoology The University of Hong Kong

limnoperna fortunei(Dunker 1857) is a freshwater mytilid and has been recorded from the Pearl River around Canton (People’s ,Republic of China) by Miller and McClure(1931) and from Hong Kong(Morton, 1975). limnoperna lacustris, which is probably synonymous with l. fortunei(Habe, 1977) has been reported from Dongting lake(Hunan province) and lake Huama (Hubei province) respectively located south and north of the Changjiang River(Yangtze River)

关键词： DUNKER 1857 FOUlING HONG KONG’S RAW WATER SUPPlY SYSTEM MYTIlIDAE THE REPRODUCTIVE CYClE IN lIMNOPERNA FORTUNEI BIVAlVIA

Genomic data mining for functional annotation of human long noncoding RNAs

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2019年第6期20卷 476-487页

作者： brian l.GUDENAS Jun WANG Shu-zhen KUANG An-qi WEI Steven B.COGIll liang-jiang WANG Department of Genetics and Biochemistry Clemson University

life may have begun in an RNA world,which is supported by increasing evidence of the vital role that RNAs perform in biological *** the human genome,most genes actually do not encode proteins;they are noncoding RNA *** largest class of noncoding genes is known as long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs),which are transcripts greater in length than 200 nucleotides,but with no protein-coding *** some lncRNAs have been demonstrated to be key regulators of gene expression and 3D genome organization,most lncRNAs are still *** thus propose several data mining and machine learning approaches for the functional annotation of human lncRNAs by leveraging the vast amount of data from genetic and genomic *** results from our studies and those of other groups indicate that genomic data mining can give insights into lncRNA functions and provide valuable information for experimental studies of candidate lncRNAs associated with human disease.

关键词： long noncoding RNA Functional annotation Genomic data mining Machine learning

A Comprehensive Approach to Investigate CO_(2)Reduction Electrocatalysts at High Current Densities

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Accounts of Materials Research 2021年第4期2卷 220-229页

作者： Gastón O.larrazábal Ming Ma brian Seger Section for Surface Physics and Catalysis(SurfCat) Department of PhysicsTechnical University of Denmark2800 Kgs LyngbyDenmark School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China

As electrochemical CO_(2)reduction studies progress from beaker or H-cell devices operating at low current densities to gas diffusion electrode(GDE)-based devices that sustain high reaction rates and provide an avenue toward commercialization,the overall system becomes significantly more *** the current densities may vary for the different approaches,it is essential to maintain the same scientific rigor when analyzing these *** mass transfer optimizations used in GDE based approaches necessarily add complexity and provide new challenges that need to be analyzed and overcome in terms of both engineering as well as analysis *** Account puts into perspective our recent works analyzing high current density CO_(2)electrolysis performance via a comprehensive investigation of the entire *** particular,we show the importance of monitoring(i)the gas flow rates at the outlet of the cathodic compartment,(ii)the anodic gas composition for CO_(2)/O_(2)ratio,and(iii)pH variations in the electrolyte.A rigorous analysis of these parameters allows us to achieve a complete carbon balance,in addition to accounting for a total of 100%Faradaic *** analyzing both the cathode outlet and anodic CO_(2):O_(2)ratio,we demonstrate that these methods can be used to self-validate results providing *** show that this analysis approach holds for both a zero-gap membrane electrode assembly device and a flowing-catholyte *** addition,a comprehensive monitoring approach reveals that having an alkaline environment in the vicinity of the cathode can absorb substantial amounts of CO_(2),which may greatly distort Faradaic efficiencies if not accounted *** monitoring the outlet flow rate of a reactor appears a simple task,the mixed gases and small flow rates in lab-scale reactors can add challenges and we discuss various methods to measure these flow *** pH is well-known to play a role in the activity and selectivity of CO_(2)redu

关键词： outlet necessarily electrolyte

Cs_(3)Bi_(2)l_(9)-hydroxyapatite composite waste forms for cesium and iodine immobilization

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2022年第5期11卷 712-728页

作者： Kun YANG Yachun WANG Junhua SHEN Spencer M.SCOTT brian J.RIlEY John D.VIENNA Jie lIAN Department of Mechanical Aerospaceand Nuclear EngineeringRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyUSA Department of Materials Science&Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyUSA Savannah River National laboratory AikenUSA Pacific Northwest National laboratory RichlandUSA

Perovskite-based ceramic composites were developed as potential waste form materials for immobilizing cesium(Cs)and iodine(I)with high waste loadings and chemical *** perovskite Cs_(3)Bi_(2)I_(9)has high Cs(22 wt%)and I(58 wt%)content,and thus can be used as a potential host phase to immobilize these critical *** this work,the perovskite Cs_(3)Bi_(2)I_(9)phase was synthesized by a cost effective solution-based approach,and was embedded into a highly durable hydroxyapatite matrix by spark plasma sintering to form dense ceramic composite waste *** chemical durabilities of the monolithic Cs_(3)Bi_(2)I_(9)and Cs_(3)Bi_(2)I_(9)-hydroxyapatite composite pellets were investigated by static and semi-dynamic leaching tests,*** and I are incongruently released from the matrix for both pure Cs_(3)Bi_(2)I_(9)and composite *** normalized Cs release rate is faster than that of I,which can be explained by the difference in the strengths between Cs-I and Bi-I bonds as well as the formation of insoluble micrometer-sized BiOI *** activation energies of elemental releases based on dissolution and diffusion-controlled mechanisms are determined with significantly higher energy barriers for dissolution from the composite versus that of the monolithic Cs_(3)Bi_(2)I_(9).The ceramic-based composite waste forms exhibit excellent chemical durabilities and waste loadings,commensurate with the state-of-the-art glass-bonded perovskite composites for I and Cs immobilization.

关键词： cesium(Cs) iodine(Ⅰ) perovskite nuclear waste hydroxyapatite

Th1 cytokines promote T-cell binding to antigen-presenting cells via enhanced hyaluronan production and accumulation at the immune synapse

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2010年第3期7卷 211-220页

作者： Paul l Bollyky Stephen P Evanko Rebecca P Wu Susan Potter-Perigo S Alice long brian Kinsella Helena Reijonen Kelly Guebtner Brandon Teng Christina K Chan Kathy R Braun John A Gebe Gerald T Nepom Thomas N Wight Benaroya Research Institute SeattleWAUSA

Hyaluronan(HA)production by dendritic cells(DCs)is known to promote antigen presentation and to augment T-cell activation and *** hypothesized that pericellular HA can function as intercellular‘glue’directly mediating T cell–DC *** primary human cells,we observed HA-dependent binding between T cells and DCs,which was abrogated upon pre-treatment of the DCs with 4-methylumbelliferone(4-MU),an agent which blocks HA ***,T cells regulate HA production by DCs via T cell-derived cytokines in a T helper(Th)subset-specific manner,as demonstrated by the observation that cell-culture supernatants from Th1 but not Th2 clones promote HA *** effects were seen upon the addition of exogenous Th1 cytokines,Il-2,interferon c(IFN-c)and tumor necrosis factor a(TNF-a).The critical factors which determined the extent of DC–T cell binding in this system were the nature of the pre-treatment the DCs received and their capacity to synthesize HA,as T-cell clones which were pre-treated with monensin,added to block cytokine secretion,bound equivalently irrespective of their Th *** data support the existence of a feedforward loop wherein T-cell cytokines influence DC production of HA,which in turn affects the extent of DC–T cell *** also document the presence of focal deposits of HA at the immune synapse between T-cells and APC and on dendritic processes thought to be important in antigen *** data point to a pivotal role for HA in DC–T cell interactions at the IS.

关键词： dendritic cell hyaluronan immune synapse pericellular matrix Th1