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Tumor-and osteoclast-derived NRP2 in prostate cancer bone metastases

Bone Research 2021年第2期9卷 233-247页

作者： Navatha Shree Polavaram Samikshan Dutta Ridwan Islam Arup k.Bag Sohini Roy David Poitz Jeffrey karnes Lorenz C.Hofbauer Manish kohli brian A.Costello Raffael Jimenez Surinder k.Batra Benjamin A.Teply Michael H.Muders kaustubh Datta Department of Microbiology and Pathology University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA Institute for Clinical Chemistry University Hospital DresdenDresdenGermany Department of Urology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Center for Healthy Aging and Bone Lab Dresden Department of Medicine IIITechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany School of Medicine Division of OncologyHuntsman Cancer InstituteSalt Lake CityUTUSA Division of Anatomic Pathology Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Internal Medicine Division of Oncology&HematologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA Rudolf-Becker Laboratory for Prostate Cancer Research Institute of PathologyUniversity of Bonn Medical CenterBonnGermany

Understanding the role of neuropilin 2(NRP2)in prostate cancer cells as well as in the bone microenvironment is pivotal in the development of an effective targeted therapy for the treatment of prostate cancer bone *** observed a significant upregulation of NRP2 in prostate cancer cells metastasized to ***,we report that targeting NRP2 in cancer cells can enhance taxane-based chemotherapy with a better therapeutic outcome in bone metastasis,implicating NRP2 as a promising therapeutic ***,osteoclasts present in the tumor microenvironment express NRP2,we have investigated the potential effect of targeting NRP2 in *** results revealed NRP2 negatively regulates osteoclast differentiation and function in the presence of prostate cancer cells that promotes mixed bone *** study further delineated the molecular mechanisms by which NRP2 regulates osteoclast ***,depletion of NRP2 in osteoclasts in vivo showed a decrease in the overall prostate tumor burden in the *** results therefore indicate that targeting NRP2 in prostate cancer cells as well as in the osteoclastic compartment can be beneficial in the treatment of prostate cancer bone metastasis.

关键词： metastasis chemotherapy treatment

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Optimising mesh size with escape gaps in a dual-species portunid-trap fishery

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2020年第6期5卷 308-316页

作者： Matt k.Broadhurst Daniel J.Tolhurst brian Hughes Vincent Raoult Timothy M.Smith Troy F.Gaston NSW Department of Primary Industries Fisheries Conservation Technology UnitNational Marine Science CentrePO Box 4321Coffs HarbourNSW2450Australia Marine and Estuarine Ecology Unit School of Biological SciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia The Roslin Institute and Royal(Dick)School of Veterinary Studies University of EdinburghEaster BushMidlothianEH259RGUnited Kingdom Hunter Local Land Services PO Box 440TareeNSW2430Australia School of Environmental and Life Sciences University of NewcastleOurimbahNSW2258Australia

In south-eastern Australia,the same baited,round traps(comprising 50–57-mm mesh netting)are used to target giant mud,Scylla serrata and blue swimmer crabs,Portunus armatus in spatially separated *** fisheries are characterised by the common,problematic discarding of undersized portunids(<85 and 65 mm carapace length;CL for *** and ***)and fish(yellowfin bream,Acanthopagrus australis).This poor selectivity was addressed here in two experiments assessing the utility of(1)traps partially or completely covered in larger mesh(91 mm to match the minimum legal size of the smaller ***),and then(2)any cumulative benefits of fitting species-specific escape *** experiment 1,there were no differences among catches of legal-sized portunids associated with either partial,or complete trap coverage with larger *** of mesh coverage,both designs of 91-mm traps also retained significantly fewer(by up to 42%)undersized *** and *** experiment 2,replicate traps completely covered in 91-mm mesh were tested against conventional traps comprising 56-mm mesh,and traps with the same mesh sizes,but also three escape gaps configured for either ***(46×120 mm)or ***(36×120 mm)(*** treatments in total).All modified traps maintained catches of legal-sized ***,and only the 91-mm traps with escape gaps caught fewer legal-sized *** undersized ***,*** and ***(mean catches reduced by up to 49%)were retained in all larger-meshed than small-meshed traps,and in all of those traps with escape gaps(by up to 95%)than *** there were no significant cumulative benefits of escape gaps in largermeshed traps(measured by a statistical interaction),there was a trend of fewer unwanted catches *** data support configuring portunid traps with mesh sizes matching the morphology of the smallest legal-sized target ***,simply retroactively fitting escape gaps in existing,smaller-m

关键词： Bycatch Escape gap Mesh size Portunid

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Modelling low carbon transition and economic impacts under SSPs and RCPs based on GTIMES

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2021年第6期12卷 858-870页

作者： YANG Lei SHI Jing-Cheng CHEN Wen-Ying James GLYNN brian O GALLACHOIR Institute of Energy Environment and EconomyTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China MaREI Centre for Energy Climate and MarineEnvironmental Research InstituteUniversity College CorkCorkT12 K8AFIreland School of Engineering University College CorkCorkT12 K8AFIreland

The simulation of global and regional energy system transition and its potential mitigation cost could intuitively reflect the need for earlier climate mitigation actions. To explore the possible transitions of global and regional energy system, this study applied a 14-region energy system model (GTIMES) with scenarios designed using Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs) with Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs), and detailed depicts the quantification of SSPs trajectories into GTIMES model. Modeling results show that: 1) Global energy-related CO_(2) emissions will reach 37–74 Gt by 2050 under reference scenarios, while they will decrease to 12–14 Gt under higher possibility pathways to reach 2 ℃ target, with ratios of non-fossil fuel round to 42%–46%. 2) Electrification level has to increase noticeably in regional transition with a global average level of about 44% to achieve significant emission reduction. 3) Higher level of mitigation cost would happen with the constraint mitigation target, as well as social and economic trajectories chosen. Therefore, following trajectories of sustainable development is necessary.

关键词： GTIMES model Shared social-economic pathways CO_(2)emission Energy consumption

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Habitual physical activity levels and sedentary time of children in different childcare arrangements from a nationally representative sample of Canadian preschoolers

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第6期9卷 657-663页

作者： Julie Statler Piotr Wilk brian W.Timmons Rachel Colley Patricia Tucker Faculty of Health Sciences University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioN6A 3K7Canada Schulich School of Medicine&Dentistry University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioN6A 3K7Canada Department of Pediatrics McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioL8S 4L8Canada Division of Health Analysis Statistics CanadaOttawaOntarioK1A 0T6Canada School of Occupational Therapy University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioN6A 3K7Canada

Background:Children spend substantial time in childcare,and the reasons parents choose a particular childcare type may differ by ***,little is known about how childcare type influences habitual(full day)activity levels among ***,exploring patterns between childcare type and habitual physical activity(PA)(i.e.,light,moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA),and total PA)and sedentary time(ST)in young Canadian children is ***:A nationally representative sample of preschoolers from Cycles 3 and 4 of the Canadian Health Measures Survey was used in this cross-sectional *** type(e.g.,center-based childcare,home-based childcare,home with parent,kindergarten)was reported by *** wore an Actical accelerometer for 7 *** and population-spcific cut-points were applied to delineate PA intensities and *** means and sample totals were calculated to examine average daily and hourly rates of ***:Preschoolers’rates of MVPA and total PA from the 4 childcare arrangements ranged from 65.99 min/day to 74.62 min/day(5.48-6.18 min/h)and 274.20 min/day to 281.66 min/day (22.69-23.21 min/h),respectively,while ST ranged from 443.13 min/day to 460.57 min/day(36.80-37.31 min/h).No significant differences were observed in daily or hourly rates of ***:This study provides a snapshot of the levels of PA and ST among preschoolers in various childcare settings at a national level,with no differences observed in habitual activity levels based on childcare *** research is needed to clarify the relationship between young children’s PA and childcare type,with consideration given to the quality of the childcare settings.

关键词： Early learning environment Motor activity Preschool Screen time

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Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) Intraspecific Variation and Thermotolerance Classification Using in Vitro Seed Germination Assay

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2011年第2期2卷 134-147页

作者： Ramdeo Seepaul Bisoondat Macoon k. Raja Reddy brian Baldwin Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Mississippi State University Central Mississippi Research and Extension Center

Cardinal temperatures for plant processes have been used for thermotolerance screening of geNotypes, geoclimatic adaptability determination and pheNological prediction. Current simulation models for switchgrass (Panicum virga-tum L.) utilize single cardinal temperatures across geNotypes for both vegetative and reproductive processes although intra-specific variation exists among geNotypes. An experiment was conducted to estimate the cardinal temperatures for seed germination of 14 diverse switchgrass geNotypes and to classify geNotypes for temperature tolerance. Strati-fied seeds of each geNotype were germinated at eight constant temperatures from 10oC to 45oC under a constant light intensity of 35 μmol m-2 s-1 for 12 h d-1. Germination was recorded at 6-h intervals in all treatments. Maximum seed germination (MSG) and germination rate (GR), estimated by fitting Sigmoidal function to germination-time series data, varied among geNotypes. Quadratic and bilinear models best described the MSG and GR responses to temperature, respectively. The mean cardinal temperatures, Tmin, Topt and Tmax, were 8.1, 26.6, and 45.1oC for MSG and 11.1, 33.1, and 46.0oC for GR, respectively. Cardinal temperatures for MSG and GR;however, varied significantly among geNotypes. GeNotypes were classified as sensitive (‘Cave-in-rock’, ‘Dacotah’, ‘Expresso’, ‘Forestburg’, ‘kanlow’, ‘Sunburst’, ‘Trailblazer’, and ‘Warrior’), intermediate (‘Alamo’, ‘Blackwell’, ‘Carthage’, ‘Shawnee’, and ‘Shelter’) and tolerant (‘Summer’) to high temperature based on cumulative temperature response index (CTRI) estimated by summing individual response indices estimated from the MSG and GR cardinal temperatures. Similarly, geNotypes were also classified as sensitive (Alamo, Blackwell, Carthage, Dacotah, Shawnee, Shelter, and Summer), moderately sensitive (Cave-in-rock, Forestburg, kanlow, Sunburst, and Warrior), moderately tolerant (Trailblazer), and tolerant (Expresso) to low temperatures. The cardinal temperature

关键词： Switchgrass Cardinal Temperature Temperature Tolerance Germination GeNotype Variability Response Index Screening GeNotype Classification

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Aerosol jet printed capacitive strain gauge for soft structural materials

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npj Flexible Electronics 2020年第1期4卷 279-287页

作者： kiyo T.Fujimoto Jennifer k.Watkins Timothy Phero Doug Litteken kevin Tsai Takoda Bingham kshama Lakshmi Ranganatha Benjamin C.Johnson Zhangxian Deng brian Jaques David Estrada Center for Advanced Energy Studies Boise State UniversityIdaho FallsIDUSA Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering Boise State UniversityBoiseIDUSA Measurement Sciences Department Idaho National LaboratoryIdaho FallsIDUSA Department of Advanced Fuel Manufacturing and Development Idaho National LaboratoryIdaho FallsIDUSA NASA Johnson Space Center HoustonTXUSA Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Boise State UniversityBoiseIDUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boise State UniversityBoiseIDUSA

Soft structural textiles,or softgoods,are used within the space industry for inflatable habitats,parachutes and decelerator *** the safety and structural integrity of these systems occurs through structural health monitoring systems(SHM),which integrate non-invasive/non-destructive testing methods to detect,diagnose,and locate ***/load monitoring of these systems is limited while utilizing traditional strain gauges as these gauges are typically stiff,operate at low temperatures,and fail when subjected to high strain that is a result of high loading classifying them as unsuitable for SHM of soft structural *** this work,a capacitance based strain gauge(CSG)was fabricated via aerosol jet printing(AJP)using silver nanoparticle ink on a flexible polymer *** strain gauges were then compared to a commercially available high elongation resistance-based strain gauge(HE-RSG)for their ability to monitor strained kevlar straps having a 26.7 kN(6 klbf)***,static and cyclic loads were used to characterize both types of strain monitoring *** CSGs demonstrated superior performance for high elongation strain measurements when compared to commonly used HE-RSGs,and were observed to operate with a gauge factor of 5.2 when the electrode arrangement was perpendicular to the direction of strain.

关键词： strain gauge structural

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Resistance to Aspergillus flavus in maize and peanut:Molecular biology, breeding, environmental stress,and future perspectives

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The Crop Journal 2015年第3期3卷 229-237页

作者： Jake C.Fountain Pawan khera Liming Yang Spurthi N.Nayak brian T.Scully Robert D.Lee Zhi-Yuan Chen Robert C.kemerait Rajeev k.Varshney Baozhu Guo Department of Plant Pathology University of Georgia Tifton GA USA International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Hyderabad Telangana India USDA-ARS Crop Protection and Management Research Unit Tifton GA USA Huaiyin Normal University School of Life Sciences USDA-ARS US Horticultural Laboratory Fort Pierce FL USA Department of Crop and Soil Sciences University of Georgia Tifton GA USA Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA USA

The colonization of maize(Zea mays L.) and peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.) by the fungal pathogen Aspergillus flavus results in the contamination of kernels with carcinogenic mycotoxins known as aflatoxins leading to economic losses and potential health threats to humans. The regulation of aflatoxin biosynthesis in various Aspergillus spp. has been extensively studied, and has been shown to be related to oxidative stress responses. Given that environmental stresses such as drought and heat stress result in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS) within host plant tissues, host-derived ROS may play an important role in cross-kingdom communication between host plants and A. flavus. Recent technological advances in plant breeding have provided the tools necessary to study and apply knowledge derived from metabolomic, proteomic, and transcriptomic studies in the context of productive breeding populations. Here, we review the current understanding of the potential roles of environmental stress, ROS, and aflatoxin in the interaction between *** and its host plants, and the current status in molecular breeding and marker discovery for resistance to A. flavus colonization and aflatoxin contamination in maize and peanut. We will also propose future directions and a working model for continuing research efforts linking environmental stress tolerance and aflatoxin contamination resistance in maize and peanut.

关键词： Host resistance Molecular breeding Aflatoxin contamination Reactive oxygen species ROS

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基于C^N^N三齿配体以及苯乙炔基或苯基的环金属化铂磷光络合物的比较研究（英文）

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有机化学 2018年第1期38卷 171-182页

作者： Robert Mroz Dileep A.k.Vezzu brian Wallace Deepak Ravindranathan Jeffrey Carroll Robert D.Pike 霍守权 Department of Chemistry East Carolina University Department of Chemistry College of William and Mary

合成了两个系列的以2-芳基-6-(1H-砒唑-1-基)砒啶[芳基=苯基(L1),2,4-二氟苯基(L2),3,5-二甲基苯(L3),3-甲氧基苯基(L4),2-噻吩基(L5),2-苯并噻吩基(L6)]为环金属化配体,以苯乙炔基或苯基为辅助配体的铂化合物1a^6a和1b^6b.其中2b,3b和5... 详细信息

合成了两个系列的以2-芳基-6-(1H-砒唑-1-基)砒啶[芳基=苯基(L1),2,4-二氟苯基(L2),3,5-二甲基苯(L3),3-甲氧基苯基(L4),2-噻吩基(L5),2-苯并噻吩基(L6)]为环金属化配体,以苯乙炔基或苯基为辅助配体的铂化合物1a^6a和1b^6b.其中2b,3b和5b的结构用X射线晶体衍射方法进行了测定.结果表明,辅助基团苯基与配位平面采取一种扭曲的构型.Pt—C(苯基)键较Pt—C(炔基)键弱.对铂化合物的光物理性质包括吸收和发射光谱进行了研究.苯乙炔基取代的铂化合物1a^6a在室温溶液里发射较强的磷光,而苯基取代的确铂化合物1b^3b仅发射很弱的光.但是,化合物4b^6b发射比较强的光,尽管发光效率还是比相应的4a^6a低.这一现象表明4b^6b和4a^6a的激发态可能定域在三齿环金属化配体上.化合物1a^6a表现的较高发光效率可能是因为较强的和刚性的炔基配体.

关键词：铂络合物磷光材料晶体结构光物理

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Computers and information systems / 2nd ed.

Computers and information systems /

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1989年

作者： Williams brian k.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix

Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix

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作者： by J.k. Rowling illustrations by Mary GrandPr鈋 [cover art by brian Selznick].

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