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Dog10K: an international sequencing effort to advance studies of canine domestication, phenotypes and health

National Science Review 2019年第4期6卷 810-824页

作者： Elaine A.Ostrander Guo-Dong Wang Greger Larson Bridgett m.von Holdt brian W.Davis Vidhya Jagannathan Christophe Hitte Robert K.Wayne Ya-Ping Zhang National Human Genome Research Institute National Institutes of Health State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences Palaeogenomics and Bio-Archaeology Research Network School of Archaeology University of Oxford Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Princeton University College of Veterinary medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M University Institute of Genetics Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern IGDR CNRS University of Rennes Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaLos Angeles the Dog10K Consortium

Dogs are the most phenotypically diverse mammalian species, and they possess more known heritable disorders than any other non-human mammal. Efforts to catalog and characterize genetic variation across well-chosen populations of canines are necessary to advance our understanding of their evolutionary history and genetic architecture. To date, no organized effort has been undertaken to sequence the world's canid populations. The Dog10 K Consortium(http://***10 ***) is an international collaboration of researchers from across the globe who will generate 20× whole genomes from 10 000 canids in 5 *** effort will capture the genetic diversity that underlies the phenotypic and geographical variability of modern canids worldwide. Breeds, village dogs, niche populations and extended pedigrees are currently being sequenced, and de novo assemblies of multiple canids are being constructed. This unprecedented dataset will address the genetic underpinnings of domestication, breed formation, aging, behavior and morphological variation. more generally, this effort will advance our understanding of human and canine health.

关键词： genomics genome-wide association studies(GWAS) breed selection variation evolution

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Two haplotype-resolved genomes reveal important flower traits in bigleaf hydrangea(Hydrangea macrophylla)and insights into Asterid evolution

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Horticulture Research 2023年第12期10卷 45-57页

作者： Xingbo Wu Sheron A.Simpson Ramey C.Youngblood Xiaofen FLiu brian E.Scheffler Timothy A.Rinehart Lisa W.Alexander Amanda m.Hulse-Kemp Department of Environmental Horticulture Tropical Research and Education CenterUniversity of FloridaHomesteadFL 33031United States Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Unit USDA-ARSRaleighNC 27695United States Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Unit USDA-ARSStonevilleMS 38776United States Institute for Genomics Biocomputing and BiotechnologyMississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMS 39762United States Crop Production and Protection USDA-ARSBeltsvilleMD 20705United States Floral and Nursery Plants Research Unit U.S.National ArboretumUSDA-ARSMcMinnvilleTN 37110United States Department of Crop and Soil Sciences North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695United States

The Hydrangea genus belongs to the Hydrangeaceae family,in the Cornales order of flowering plants,which early diverged among the Asterids,and includes several species that are commonly used ornamental *** them,Hydrangea macrophylla is one of the most valuable species in the nursery trade,yet few genomic resources are available for this crop or closely related Asterid *** high-quality haplotype-resolved reference genomes of hydrangea cultivars‘Veitchii’and‘Endless Summer’[highest quality at 2.22 gigabase pairs(Gb),396 contigs,N5022.8 megabase pairs(mb)]were assembled and scaffolded into the expected 18 *** the newly developed high-quality reference genomes along with high-quality genomes of other related flowering plants,nuclear data were found to support a single divergence point in the Asterids clade where both the Cornales and Ericales diverged from the *** mapping with an F1 hybrid population demonstrated the power of linkage mapping combined with the new genomic resources to identify the gene for inflorescence shape,CYP78A5 located on chromosome 4,and a novel gene,BAm3 located on chromosome 17,for causing double *** developed in this study will not only help to accelerate hydrangea genetic improvement but also contribute to understanding the largest group of flowering plants,the Asterids.

关键词： Hydra traits resolved

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The Sediment and Hydrographic Characteristics of Three Horseshoe Crab Nursery Beaches in Hong Kong

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Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao 2003年第1期2卷 35-43页

作者： Helen m.C. Chiu brian morton Environmental Resources management (ERm)-Hong Kong Ltd Swire Institute of Marine Science and Department of Ecology and Biodiversity 979 King's Road Taikoo Place Island East Hong Kong University of Hong

Horseshoe crab juveniles have been recorded from sand and sandy-mud nursery beaches at Pak Nai (western New Territories), San Tau and Shui Hau (Lantau Island), Hong Kong. In order to provide a better understanding of these beaches and to identify those plausible factors which have made them preferred by spawning horseshoe crabs, environmental parameters, including temperature, salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen content of the water, and particle size distribution and organic matter content of the sediments at the three sites, were determined and compared. The hydrographic and sediment data obtained for the three study sites have revealed some common environmental features. The three nursery beaches are relatively remote, and far (in Hong Kong terms) from urbanized and densely populated areas. The beaches are generally well sheltered from strong wave action and inundated regularly by estuarine waters. Horseshoe crab adults tend to select these beaches for spawning as their protected features ensures the laid eggs are less likely to be washed out of the sand, and hatched juveniles can feed on the meiofauna and grow. Sediments of the three beaches largely comprise medium-sized sand particles and are moderately sorted, suggesting medium porosity and good water permeability. Such a sand type, with the generally high oxygen levels in incursing waters, may help create a well-oxygenated micro-environment for the normal development of horseshoe crab eggs, larvae and juveniles. Lantau Island beaches at San Tau and Shui Hau are relatively free from organic pollution, as reflected in generally high dissolved oxygen level, and low BOD 5 and ammonia nitrogen values. Pak Nai is, however, more polluted.

关键词： sediment hydrography horseshoe crab nursery beaches Hong Kong

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Characterization of Welding Induced Anisotropy in Steel by magnetic Barkhausen Noise

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Journal of mechanics Engineering and Automation 2013年第12期3卷 756-763页

作者： mohamed m. Blaow brian A. Shaw Department of materials Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Misurata Misurata Libya Design Unit School of Mechanical and Systems Engineering University of Newcastle Newcastle upon Tyne NE I 7R U United Kingdom

Residual stress continues to be important issues in shipbuilding. This paper demonstrates how the heat affected zone that results from welding could be identified nondestructively using mBN （magnetic Barkhausen noise） technique. A stress concentration region was created by placing a weld bead on a marine steel plate used in ship construction. mBN measurements were made on the back surface of the welded plate along the weld direction and perpendicular to it in a line that crosses the weld bead. The stress distribution as deduced from the mBN measurements was found to be anisotropic in the material of the heat affected zone. The heat induced anisotropy was completely eliminated by shot peening the HAZ material as revealed by mBN intensity. It was concluded that the directional mBN measurements could be used to characterize the induced anisotropy and hence assess the thermal residual stresses distribution near a localized stresses concentration regions imposed by welding.

关键词： mBN residual stress anisotropy shot peening.

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Civil-GIS incorporated approach for water resource management in a developed catchment for urban-geomorphic sustainability:Tallowa Dam,southeastern Australia

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2016年第4期4卷 304-313页

作者： Ali K.m.Al-Nasrawi brian G.Jones Yasir m.Alyazichi Sarah m.Hamylton mohammed T.Jameel Ali Faraj Hammadi School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of WollongongNSW 2522Australia School of Civil Mining&Environmental EngineeringUniversity of WollongongNSW 2522Australia School of mechanical Materials and Mechatronics EngineeringUniversity of WollongongNSW 2522Australia

Damming rivers causes two main problems affecting a river's geomorphic ecosystem and its water *** Tallowa Dam on the Shoalhaven River in southeastern NSW,Australia,provides a case study to find the best sustainable solutions to avoid these *** project uses a civil-infrastructure idea to design a grid of collector pipes from the reservoir bottom *** data analysis using ArcGIS 10.2 is used to determine the best grid location for the pipes in the *** and sediment samples have been analysed for grain size,heavy metal and organic matter *** dam has led to a significant decline in sediment transport and water discharge to the lower reaches of the river which has resulted in greater erosion of sediment and higher salinity rates within the lower river and coastal *** quality in the reservoir has been affected by increased sediment accumulation,particularly mud,which has increased the amount of heavy metal and nutrient pollution that could eventually affect the water users.A proposed solution is to use over-storage water to remove accumulated sediment from the base of the dam through a net of collector pipes controlled by automechanical gates,instead of flowing over the top of the *** would maximize the volume of upstream sediment and contained pollutants that can be released from the reservoir into the downstream river ecosystems as well as providing better water quality and a longer water storage time.

关键词： Water quality Geomorphology Pollutants Civil-infrastructure GIS-detection

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Proximal White Onychomycosis in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Case Report

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Case Reports in Clinical medicine 2015年第1期4卷 41-44页

作者： brian m. Schmidt Crystal Holmes Department of Podiatric medicine and Surgery Yale New Haven Hospital/DVA West Haven New Haven CT USA Department of Internal medicine University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA

Objective: Onychomycosis is a diagnosis of fungal organisms in the nail unit. It frequently occurs in both the immunocompetent and immunocompromised patient. A variant of onychomycosis is proxiaml onychomycosis that occurs on the most proximal aspect of the nail. Proximal onychomycosis is known to be commonly associated with immunocompromised status. Study Design: A case report of a veteran who presented a dermatology clinic with complaint of solitary nail discoloration that was recalcitrant to over-the-counter therapy including topical hydrogen peroxide and foot soaks without improvement. Results and Conclusions: This individual case report demonstrates that pedal proximal onychomycosis can be associated with non-dermatophyte organisms, identified as Fusarium species, in immunocompetent individuals. The finding of pedal proximal onychomycosis caused by a Fusarium non-dermatophytic mold has not been reported. The veteran was successfully cured of the condition with treatment via oral terbinafine for a ninety-day course while monitoring patient’s liver function test for any complications.

关键词： Proximal Onychomycosis Nail Fungus Onychcomycosis

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IN VIVO NEAR-INFRAREDFLUORESCENCEImAGING OF HUmANCOLONADENOCARCINOmABY SPECIFIC ImmUNOTARGETINGOFA TUmOR-ASSOCIATEDmUCIN

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2009年第4期2卷 407-422页

作者： RALPH S.DACOSTA YING TANG TUULA KALLIOmAKI RAYmOND m.REILLY ROBERT WEERSINK ALISHA R.ELFORD NORmAN E.mARCON brian C.WILSON Division of Biophysics and Bioimaging Ontario Cancer Institute 610 University of TorontoTorontoOntarioM5G 2M9Canada Department of medical Biophysics University of Toronto Princess Margaret Hospital/Ontario Cancer Institute University Health NetworkTorontoOntarioCanada NIH/NCI Radiation Oncology Branch BethesdaMDUSA Division of Clinical Investigation and Human Physiology Toronto General Hospital Research Institute and University of Toronto Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy TorontoOntarioCanada Laboratory for Applied Biophotonics University Health Network TorontoOntarioCanada Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research University Health Network/Ontario Cancer Institute Department of medical Biophysics and Immunology Toronto OntarioCanada St.michael’s Hospital Center for Therapeutic Endoscopy and Endoscopic Oncology Toronto OntarioCanada

Background and Aims: Accurate endoscopic detection of premalignant lesions and earlycancers in the colon is essential for cure, since prognosis is closely related to lesion size andstage. Although it has great clinical potential, autofluorescence endoscopy has limited tumorto-normal tissue image contrast for detecting small preneoplastic lesions. We have developed amolecularly specific, near-infrared fluorescent monoclonal antibody (CC49) bioconjugate whichtargets tumor-associated glycoprotein 72 (TAG72), as a contrast agent to improve fluorescencebased endoscopy of colon cancer. methods: The fluorescent anti-TAG72 conjugate was evaluated in vitro and in vivo in athymic nude mice bearing human colon adenocarcinoma (LS174T)subcutaneous tumors. Autofluorescence, a fluorescent but irrelevant antibody and the free fluorescent dye served as controls. Fluorescent agents were injected intravenously, and in vivowhole body fluorescence imaging was performed at various time points to determine pharmacokinetics, followed by ex vivo tissue analysis by confocal fluorescence microscopy and histology Results: Fluorescence microscopy and histology confirmed specific LS174T cell membrane targeting of labeled CC49 in vitro and ex vivo. In vivo fluorescence imaging demonstrated significant tumor-to-normal tissue contrast enhancement with labeled-CC49 at three hours postinjection, with maximum contrast after 48 h. Accumulation of tumor fluorescence demonstratedthat modification of CC49 antibodies did not alter their specific tumor-localizing properties, andwas antibody-dependent since controls did not produce detectable tumor fluorescence. Conclusions: These results show proof-of-principle that our near-infrared fluorescent-antibody probetargeting a tumor-associated mucin detects colonic tumors at the molecular level in real time,and offer a basis for future improvement of image contrast during clinical fluorescence endoscopy.

关键词： Autofluorescence imaging endoscopy colon adenocarcinoma TAG72 CC49 mucin monoclonal antibody conjugate confocal fluorescence microscopy.

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High-throughput screening of mouse gene knockouts identifies established and novel skeletal phenotypes

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Bone Research 2014年第3期2卷 152-181页

作者： Robert Brommage Jeff Liu Gwenn m Hansen Laura L Kirkpatrick David G Potter Arthur T Ss brian Zambrowicz David R Powell Peter Vogel Lexicon Pharmaceuticals The Woodlands TX USA

Screening gene function in vivo is a powerful approach to discover novel drug targets. We present high-throughput screening （HTS） data for 3 762 distinct global gene knockout （KO） mouse lines with viable adult homozygous mice generated using either gene-trap or homologous recombination technologies. Bone mass was determined from DEXA scans of male and female mice at 14 weeks of age and by microCT analyses of bones from male mice at 16 weeks of age. Wild-type （WT） cagemates/littermates were examined for each gene KO. Lethality was observed in an additional 850 KO lines. Since primary HTS are susceptible to false positive findings, additional cohorts of mice from KO lines with intriguing HTS bone data were examined. Aging, ovariectomy, histomorphometry and bone strength studies were performed and possible non-skeletal phenotypes were explored. Together, these screens identified multiple genes affecting bone mass： 23 previously reported genes （Calcr, Cebpb, Crtap, Dcstamp, Dkkl, Duoxa2, Enppl, Fgf23, Kissl/Kisslr, Kl （Klotho）, Lrp5, mstn, Neol, Npr2, Ostml, Postn, Sfrp4, S1c30a5, Sic39a13, Sost, Sumf1, Src, Wnt10b）, five novel genes extensively characterized （Cldn18, Fam20c, Lrrkl, Sgpll, Wnt16）, five novel genes with preliminary characterization （Agpat2, RassfS, Slc10a7, Stc26a7, Slc30a10） and three novel undisclosed genes coding for potential osteoporosis drug targets.

关键词： KO High-throughput screening of mouse gene knockouts identifies established and novel skeletal phenotypes BmD HTS DEXA gene

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我们需要什么研究来支持将结合医学运用于临床的决策?--效益比较研究可以填补其间的沟壑吗?

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中国中西医结合杂志 2013年第8期33卷 1030-1035页

作者： Claudia m.Witt 黄文静劳力行 brian m.Berman 德国柏林医科大学社会医学、流行病学及卫生经济学研究所德国柏林10117 马里兰大学医学院结合医学中心美国巴尔的摩21201 成都中医药大学针灸推拿学院成都610075 结合卫生研究所美国巴尔的摩21231

在补充和结合医学临床研究中,专家和科研工作者往往片面地追求研究纲领而没有充分考虑到最终服务对象,即患者的需求。因此,以往大多数的临床研究都集中在评价治疗措施的效力,却缺乏关于其临床效果的研究数据。效益比较研究(comparative ... 详细信息

在补充和结合医学临床研究中,专家和科研工作者往往片面地追求研究纲领而没有充分考虑到最终服务对象,即患者的需求。因此,以往大多数的临床研究都集中在评价治疗措施的效力,却缺乏关于其临床效果的研究数据。效益比较研究(comparative effectivenesresearch,CER)旨在通过提供对可能的最佳治疗方案利弊的比较证据,使决策者能明智选择最佳治疗方案。这种证据,较之传统意义上的RCT研究证据更普遍,更适用于对实际医疗方案的决策。重视CER将为临床循证医学的发展及政策制定提供支持。诚然,在补充和结合医学的大多数领域中,CER的数据还很匮乏,针灸研究已为CER提供了一定的证据。笔者将重点介绍CER,并对将来的研究方向提供建议。

关键词：效益比较研究决策结合医学中医针刺

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Information point and saturation flow at signalized intersections

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2016年第4期3卷 336-344页

作者： Lijun Gao Bhuiyan m. Alam brian W. Randolph Douglas K. Nims Richard S. martinko Department of Civil Engineering University of Toledo Toledo OH 43606 USA Department of Geography and Planning University of Toledo Toledo OH 43606 USA College of Engineering University of Toledo Toledo OH 43606 USA Richard martinko Consulting Maumee OH 43537 USA

This paper introduces an information point factor and attempts to identify how it affects saturation flow and their relationship at signalized intersections. An information point is defined as any object, structure, or activity located outside of a traveling vehicle that can potentially attract the visual attention of the driver. Saturation flow rates are studied at three pairs of signalized intersections in Toledo, Ohio, USA. Each pair of intersections consists of one intersection with a high number of information points and one intersection with a low number of information points. Study results reveal that, for each pair of intersections, the one with high information points has a lower saturation flow rate than the one with low information points. A statistical analysis shows that the differences are significant. Based on the saturation flow data of the paired intersections, information point effect models are developed and presented in this paper.

关键词： Saturation flowInformation pointVisual distractionDriving behaviorTrip generationSignalized intersection

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