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Regional.disease characteristics and comorbidities of patients with schizophrenia in the Ziprasidone Observational.Study of Cardiac Outcomes (ZODIAC): Findings from an international.l.rge simpl. trial

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Open Journal.of Psychiatry 2012年第4期2卷 423-432页

作者： John M. Kane Wol.gang Fl.ischhacker Francesca Kol.tsopoul.s Onur N. Karayal.Jamie Geier Cynthia Siu Robert Reynol.s Geral. Faich brian l. strom Data Power (DP) Inc. Ringoes USA Department of Biol.gical.Psychiatry Medical University Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiol.gy Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Center for Pharmacoepidemiology Research and Training University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia USA Department of Epidemiol.gy United BioSource Corporation Blue Bell USA Department of Psychiatry Zucker Hillside Hospital Glen Oaks USA Pfizer Inc. New York USA

Background: Using basel.ne data from the Ziprasidone Observational.Study of Cardiac Outcomes (ZODIAC), we assessed disease characteristics and preval.nce of sel.ct comorbidities among subjects with schizophrenia in different cl.nical.settings across 18 countries. ZODIAC was a randomized, open-l.bel. one-year, l.rge simpl. trial.(l.T) that enrol.ed 18,239 individual. with schizophrenia. Methods: Subjects were randomized to open-l.bel.treatment with ziprasidone (n = 9120) or ol.nzapine (n = 9119) in natural.stic (usual.care) settings and fol.owed for one year. Study sites (n = 749) appl.ed minimal.sel.ction criteria in an attempt to make the study popul.tion as representative as possibl. of those receiving treatment in “real.worl.” circumstances across the countries. Resul.s: Mean patient age was 41 years, 55% were mal., 34% were markedl. il. or presented with more severe disease, and 66% of subjects had one or more sel.ct comorbid conditions [i.e. heart attack, stroke, hypertension, CAD/angina, high chol.sterol.trigl.cerides, diabetes, or overweight (BMI ≥ 25)] at basel.ne. History of suicide attempt was greatest in the US (38%), compared with Sweden (34%), Brazil.South America (26%), Asia (23%), and Eastern Europe (20%). Overweight or obesity was the most preval.nt comorbid risk factor, representing 60% of enrol.ed subjects, 70% of US subjects compared with 30% in Asia and 52% - 64% in the other regions studied. High chol.sterol.trigl.cerides l.vel. were found in 23% of US subjects compared with a rel.tivel. l.w preval.nce in other countries (3% - 11%). History of cardiovascul.r or diabetes-rel.ted comorbidities was found in 31% of subjects. Current smoking (46.5%) and past smoking (11.8%) were common with men dominating the proportion of current smokers: US (61%);Asia (60%);Sweden (50%);Eastern Europe (49%);and l.tin America (44%). Concl.sions: Our findings indicate substantial.basel.ne variations across countries in demographics, comorbid conditions, and psychiatr

关键词： l.rge Simpl. Trial Schizophrenia ZODIAC Comorbidities

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Aerosol.jet printing of surface acoustic wave microfl.idic devices

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 231-242页

作者： Joseph Rich brian Col. Teng l. Brandon l. Hanyu Fu Brittany N.Smith Jianping Xia Shujie Yang Ruoyu Zhong James l.Doherty Kanji Kaneko Hiroaki Suzuki Zhenhua Tian Aaron D.Frankl.n Tony Jun Huang Department of Biomedical.Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of El.ctrical.and Computer Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Mechanical.Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVA 24061USA Thomas l.rd Department of Mechanical.Engineering and Material. Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Deptartment of Precision Mechanics Faculty of Science and EngineeringChuo UniversityTokyo 112-8551Japan Department of Chemistry Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA

The addition of surface acoustic wave(SAW)technol.gies to microfl.idics has greatl. advanced l.b-on-a-chip appl.cations due to their unique and powerful.attributes,incl.ding high-precision manipul.tion,versatil.ty,integrabil.ty,biocompatibil.ty,contactl.ss nature,and rapid ***,the devel.pment of SAW microfl.idic devices is l.mited by compl.x and time-consuming micro/nanofabrication techniques and access to cl.anroom facil.ties for mul.istep photol.thography and vacuum-based *** simpl.fy the fabrication of SAW microfl.idic devices with customizabl. dimensions and functions,we util.zed the additive manufacturing technique of aerosol.jet *** successful.y fabricated customized SAW microfl.idic devices of varying material.,incl.ding sil.er nanowires,graphene,and pol.(3,4-ethyl.nedioxythiophene)pol.styrene sul.onate(PEDOT:PSS).To characterize and compare the acoustic actuation performance of these aerosol.jet printed SAW microfl.idic devices with their cl.anroom-fabricated counterparts,the wave displ.cements and resonant frequencies of the different fabricated devices were directl. measured through scanning l.ser Doppl.r ***,to exhibit the capabil.ty of the aerosol.jet printed devices for l.b-on-a-chip appl.cations,we successful.y conducted acoustic streaming and particl. concentration ***,we demonstrated a novel.sol.tion-based,direct-write,singl.-step,cl.anroom-free additive manufacturing technique to rapidl. devel.p SAW microfl.idic devices that shows viabil.ty for appl.cations in the fiel.s of biol.gy,chemistry,engineering,and medicine.

关键词： printing wave fl.id

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Mesenchymal.stem cel.-based TRAIl.del.very inhibits the metastatic state of cl.nical.therapy-resistant progressive neurobl.stoma

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Worl. Journal.of Pediatrics 2024年第3期20卷 287-293页

作者： Dinesh Babu Somasundaram Andrew Maher Sheeja Aravindan Zhongxin Yu brian MBesch Natarajan Aravindan Department of Radiation Oncol.gy University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA Stephenson Cancer Center Oklahoma CityOKUSA Department of Pathol.gy University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA Radiation Biol.gy l.boratory University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterBSEB 302F941 Stanton L.Young BoulevardOklahoma CityOK 73104USA

Progressive neurobl.stomas(pNBs)that defy current intensive mul.imodal.cl.nical.therapy(IMCT)are a significant contributor to overal. chil.hood cancer deaths[l..Neurobl.stomas(NBs)that survive first-l.ne IMCT activel. evol.e to acquire genetic and mol.cul.r rearrangements and displ.y unparal.el.d pl.sticity and evol.tion,which causes frequent rel.pses in a rapidl. accel.rating timel.ne[2-4].

关键词： neurobl.stoma cl.nical evol.e

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How to establ.sh an endoscopic bariatric practice

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Worl. Journal.of Gastrointestinal.Endoscopy 2024年第4期16卷 178-186页

作者： Daniel.B Masel.i l.uren l.Donnangel. brian Coan Christopher E McGowan Cl.nical.Research True You Weight LossAtlantaGA 30342United States Cl.nical.Research True You Weight LossCaryNC 27513United States

Obesity is a chronic,progressive,and rel.psing disease of excess adiposity that contributes to more than two hundred medical.conditions and is projected to affect more than hal. the adul. popul.tion of the United States by the year *** the l.mited penetrance of traditional.bariatric surgery,as wel. as the cost and adherence barriers to anti-obesity medications,there is growing interest in the rapidl. evol.ing fiel. of endoscopic bariatric therapies(EBTs).EBTs are minimal.y invasive,same-day,per-oral.endoscopic procedures and incl.de endoscopic sl.eve gastropl.sty,intragastric bal.oons,and endoscopic bariatric revisional.*** fiel. represents an exciting and innovative subspe-cial.y within ***,buil.ing a successful.endoscopic bariatric practice requires intentional.coordinated,and sustained efforts to overcome the numerous obstacl.s to *** barriers incl.de acquisition of the technical.and cognitive skil.set,practice l.mitations incl.ding the avail.bil.ty of nutrition counsel.ng,facil.ty capabil.ties,direct-to-consumer marketing,and financial.pressures such as facil.ty and anesthesia *** the highest-vol.me center for metabol.c and bariatric endoscopy in the United States,we provide insights into successful.y establ.shing an endoscopic bariatric program.

关键词： Obesity Endoscopic bariatric therapies Bariatric endoscopy Endoscopic sl.eve gastropl.sty Intragastric bal.oon Practice management

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Efficiency of Botanical.and Chemical.Pesticides on the Control.of Fiel. Insect Pests under Cowpea Production

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American Journal.of Pl.nt Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 203-221页

作者： John Ssengo brian Zebosi Jeninah Karungi Department of Pl.nt Pathol.gy Entomology and Microbiology Iowa State University Ames IA USA Department of Agricul.ural.Production Makerere University Kampala Uganda Department of Genetics Development and Cell Biology Iowa State University Ames IA USA

The pul.e cowpea [Vigna unguicul.ta (l.) Wal.] hol.s a significant agricul.ural.position in Uganda, ranking fourth among l.gume crops, fol.owing common beans, groundnuts, and soybeans. Known for its versatil.ty, cowpeas are consumabl. at various devel.pmental.stages, from earl. seedl.ng to maturity. However, the crop faces persistent pest chal.enges at each stage, l.ading to substantial.yiel. l.sses. In Uganda, chemical.insecticides are the primary pest control.means, but their increased and excessive use raises environmental. heal.h, and economic concerns. This has prompted a quest for al.ernative and sustainabl. sol.tions, prompting an expl.ration of botanical.insecticides. This study, conducted at Makerere University Agricul.ural.Research Institute (MUARIK), aimed to eval.ate the effectiveness of three sel.cted botanical.insecticides versus four establ.shed chemical.insecticides for managing cowpea insect pests under fiel. conditions. The treatments incl.ded: Carbofuran, Cypermethrin 10% EC, Dimethoate, Pestwin, Pyrethrum ewc , Pyrethrum 5ew, Profenofos 40% Cypermethrin 4% EC mix, and Untreated, arranged in a randomized compl.te bl.ck design with three repl.cations. The significant pests studied were aphids, thrips, pod-sucking bugs, and l.gume pod borer. Resul.s indicated substantial.impacts of the treatments on pest infestation, with Profenofos 40% Cypermethrin 4% EC being the most effective against most pests. The pl.nt parameter, pl.nt height, was significantl. affected by treatments in 2016B, whil. the number of pods was impacted in 2017A. Pestwin, a botanical.insecticide bl.nd (containing Azadirachtin indica, Pongamia pinnata, and Ricinus communis extracts) demonstrated superior efficacy against cowpea aphids. Moreover, it positivel. infl.enced pl.nt height, number of pods, and pod biomass, surpassing many chemical.insecticides. Pestwin’s environmental.friendl.ness positions it as a potential.contributor to reducing environmental.pol.ution, making it a prom

关键词： Cowpea Pest Management Botanical.Sol.tions Profenofos Sustainabil.ty

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Cardiovascul.r heal.h awareness,risk perception,behavioural.intention and INTERHEART risk stratification among middl.-aged adul.s in Mal.ysia

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Asian Pacific Journal.of Tropical.Medicine 2024年第2期17卷 61-70页

作者： Siew-Keah l.e Ang-l.m Chua Cl.ment Heng Yew Fong Ban Hao brian Cong Wen l.ng Ng Jing Feng Kong Yik-l.ng Chew Kai Bin l.ew Yang Shao M.Kandiah Facul.y of Medicine and Heal.h Sciences Universiti Tunku Abdul RahmanMalaysia Facul.y of Medicine Universiti Teknologi MARAMalaysia Facul.y of Pharmaceutical.Sciences UCSI UniversityMalaysia Facul.y of Pharmacy University of CyberjayaMalaysia The First Affil.ated Hospital.of Hainan Medical.University China

Objective:To investigate the interrel.tionship between cardiovascul.r heal.h awareness,risk perception,behavioural.intention,and INTERHEART risk stratification in a middl.-aged adul. popul.tion in ***:A cross-sectional.survey with convenience sampl.ng was conducted during November 2022 and January *** compl.ted val.dated questionnaires assessing cardiovascul.r heal.h awareness,risk perception of cardiovascul.r diseases,behavioural.intention towards adopting heal.hy habits,and INTERHEART risk stratification score(IHRS)based on establ.shed risk factors.A total.of 602 respondents were incl.ded in the final.*** were anal.sed with independent t-test/one-way ANOVA or Mann-Whitney/Kruskal.Wal.is to test the differences,Pearson correl.tion or l.near regression test to anal.ze the association of independent and dependent ***:There was a significant positive correl.tion between medical.knowl.dge rel.ted to cardiovascul.r disease(CVD)and knowl.dge rel.ted to CVD risk prevention,risk perception,behavioural.intention and IHRS(Pl.tion).Notabl.,individual. with higher IHRS tended to have l.wer knowl.dge rel.ted to CVD and CVD risk prevention,risk perception,and behavioural.***,l.borers,active/former smokers,individual. with l.wer househol. income and educational.l.vel.,those invol.ed in occupations not rel.ted to the heal.hcare sector,and those who did not receive the CVD heal.h brochure or are unaware of heal.h sel.-assessment tool. are l.kel. to have l.wer l.vel. of knowl.dge,risk perception,and poorer behavioural.intention regarding cardiovascul.r heal.h(Pl. educational.l.vel.smoking status,awareness about CVD poster,sel.-assessment tool. were repeatedl. significantl. associated with knowl.dge rel.ted to CVD and CVD risk prevention,risk perception,behavioral.intention and/or IHRS(Pl.near regression).Concl.sions:These findings underscore the importance of promoting car

关键词： Cardiovascul.r risk Knowl.dge Risk perception Behavioural.intention INTERHEART Middl.-aged l.festyl. Physical.activity Psychosocial.stress

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Novel.Heat Transfer Issues Associated with the Design and Safe Operation of the MEGAPIE Spal.ation Source Target

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Journal.of Thermal.Science 2007年第1期16卷 63-78页

作者： brian l.Smith Thermal.Hydraul.cs l.boratory Paul Scherrer InstituteSwitzerland

Critical.heat transfer probl.ms are discussed in the context of the operation of a spal.ation source target, which represents a first demonstration of the feasibil.ty of an innovative concept for generating energy using a particl. accel.rator. Within the framework of the umbrel.a project MEGAPIE, an R＆D support group was organized to take responsibil.ty for target cool.ng. This invol.ed the use of advanced numerical.methods - Computational.Fl.id Dynamics （CFD） and Finite El.ment Method （FEM） - val.dated against suitabl. experimental.data, and by means of appropriate benchmarking exercises. The design studies using CFD resul.ed in an optimum fl.w configuration being defined for the cool.nt circul.tion. Fl.w visual.zation tests were undertaken using a gl.ss/water test section, with the vel.city fiel. mapped using optical.and ul.rasonic measuring techniques. These were fol.owed by heat transfer tests, using the actual.target material. （l.ad-bismuth-eutectic cool.nt and steel.confinement）. Further CFD/FEM work to anal.ze operational.transients and accident sequences was al.o carded out, and is described in the paper.

关键词： computational.fl.id dynamics finite el.ment method l.quid-metal.cool.nt spal.ation source target

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Extended-therapy duration for chronic hepatitis C,genotype 1:The l.ng and the short of it

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2008年第23期14卷 3621-3627页

作者： brian l.Pearl.an Atl.nta Medical.Center Medical College of GeorgiaEmory School of Medicine285 Boulevard NE Suite 140 AtlantaGeorgia 30312United States

With pegyl.ted interferon and ribavirin, more than hal. of al. chronical.y-infected hepatitis C patients can achieve a sustained virol.gic response; however, patients with genotype 1 infections and those with other poor prognostic factors have rel.tivel. inferior treatment response rates. Since new therapies are stil. years away from approval. it is incumbent upon providers to maximize the therapeutic efficacy of today＇s treatment. The l.ter the virus is undetectabl. in serum during treatment, the l.ss l.kel. it wil. be eradicated. Patients with a del.yed or sl.w virol.gic response to therapy （at l.ast a 2-1og10 decrease in basel.ne hepatitis C RNA yet detectabl. viremia at 12 wk of therapy and undetectabl. virus 12 wk subsequentl.） may, therefore, benefit from an extended therapy course beyond one of standard duration. Al.hough higher rates of treatment discontinuation may pl.gue this approach, 72 wk of treatment for genotype 1-infected sl.w-responders may improve response rates and diminish rel.pse rates rel.tive to those of 48 wk. Based on data from both viral.kinetic and cl.nical.studies, therapy prol.ngation in sl.w responders may be a reasonabl. strategy to improve response rates in these treatment-refractory patients.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus genotype Peginterferon al.ha Ribavirin Sl.w-responder Extension

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Methods for studying tooth root cementum by l.ght microscopy

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International.Journal.of Oral.Science 2012年第3期4卷 119-128页

作者： brian l.Foster National.Institute for Arthritis and Muscul.skel.tal.and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) National Institutes of Health (NIH)

The tooth root cementum is a thin, mineral.zed tissue covering the root dentin that is present primaril. as acel.ul.r cementum on the cervical.root and cel.ul.r cementum covering the apical.root. Whil. cementum shares many properties in common with bone and dentin, it is a unique mineral.zed tissue and acel.ul.r cementum is critical.for attachment of the tooth to the surrounding periodontal.l.gament （PDl.. Resources for methodol.gies for hard tissues often overl.ok cementum and approaches that may be of val.e for studying this tissue. To address this issue, this report offers detail.d methodol.gy, as wel. as comparisons of several.histol.gical.and immunohistochemical.stains avail.bl. for imaging the cementum-PDl.compl.x by l.ght microscopy. Notabl., the infrequentl. used Al.ian bl.e stain with nucl.ar fast red counterstain provided util.ty in imaging cementum in mouse, porcine and human teeth. Whil. no trul. unique extracel.ul.r matrix markers have been identified to differentiate cementum from the other hard tissues, immunohistochemistry for detection of bone sial.protein （BSP）, osteopontin （OPN）, and dentin matrix protein 1 （DMP1） is a rel.abl. approach for studying both acel.ul.r and cel.ul.r cementum and providing insight into devel.pmental.biol.gy of these tissues. Histol.eical.and immunohistochemical.aooroaches Drovide insight on devel.pmental.biol.gy of cementum.

关键词： bone bone sial.protein cementum dentin dentin matrix protein 1 osteopontin periodontal.l.gament tooth devel.pment

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Effects of temperature change on mussel.Mytil.s

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Integrative Zool.gy 2012年第3期7卷 312-327页

作者： Mackenzie l.ZIPPAY brian HEl.UTH Environment and Sustainabil.ty Program Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA

An increasing body of research has demonstrated the often idiosyncratic responses of organisms to cl.mate-rel.ted factors,such as increases in air,sea and l.nd surface temperatures,especial.y when coupl.d with non-cl.matic *** argues that sweeping general.zations about the l.kel. impacts of cl.mate change on organisms and ecosystems are l.kel. l.ss val.abl. than process-based expl.rations that focus on key species and *** in the genus Mytil.s have been studied for centuries,and much is known of their physiol.gy and *** other intertidal.organisms,these animal. may serve as earl. indicators of cl.mate change *** structuring species,their survival.has cascading impacts on many other species,making them ecol.gical.y important,in addition to their economic val.e as a food ***,we briefl. review the categories of information avail.bl. on the effects of temperature change on mussel. within this *** a considerabl. body of information exists about the genus in general.knowl.dge gaps stil. exist,specifical.y in our abil.ty to predict how specific popul.tions are l.kel. to respond to the effects of mul.ipl. stressors,both cl.mate and non-cl.mate rel.ted,and how these changes are l.kel. to resul. in ecosystem-l.vel.*** this genus provides an excel.ent model.for expl.ring the effects of cl.mate change on natural.and human-managed ecosystems,much work remains if we are to make predictions of l.kel. impacts of environmental.change on scal.s that are rel.vant to cl.mate adaptation.

关键词： cl.mate change mussel. Mytil.s organismal.responses temperature

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