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Spontaneous emission in non-local materials

Light(Science & Applications) 2016年第1期5卷 1-10页

作者： Pavel Ginzburg Diane J Roth Mazhar E Nasir Paulina Segovia Alexey V Krasavin James Levitt Liisa M Hirvonen brian wells Klaus Suhling David Richards Viktor A Podolskiy Anatoly V Zayats Department of Physics King’s College LondonStrandLondon WC2R 2LSUK Present address:School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 69978Israel Department of Physics and Applied Physics University of Massachusetts LowellOne University AveLowellMA 01854USA Present address:Department of Physics University of HartfordWest HartfordCT 06117USA

Light–matter interactions can be strongly modified by the surrounding ***,we report on the first experimental observation of molecular spontaneous emission inside a highly non-local metamaterial based on a plasmonic nanorod *** show that the emission process is dominated not only by the topology of its local effective medium dispersion,but also by the non-local response of the composite,so that metamaterials with different geometric parameters but the same local effective medium properties exhibit different Purcell factors.A record-high enhancement of a decay rate is observed,in agreement with the developed quantitative description of the Purcell effect in a non-local *** engineered material non-locality introduces an additional degree of freedom into quantum electrodynamics,enabling new applications in quantum information processing,photochemistry,imaging and sensing with macroscopic composites.

关键词： composite electromagnetic materials non-local optical properties plasmonic metamaterials quantum electrodynamics spontaneous emission

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Prediction of rock brittleness using nondestructive methods for hard rock tunneling

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2016年第4期8卷 533-540页

作者： Rennie B.Kaunda brian Asbury Department of Mining Engineering Colorado School of Mines Earth Mechanics Institute Department of Mining Engineering Colorado School of Mines

Sand production is an undesired phenomenon occurring in unconsolidated formations due to shear failure and hydrodynamic forces. There have been many approaches developed to predict sand production and prevent it by changing drilling or production strategies. However, assumptions involved in these approaches have limited their applications to very specific scenarios. In this paper, an elliptical model based on the borehole shape is presented to predict the volume of sand produced during the drilling and depletion stages of oil and gas reservoirs. A shape factor parameter is introduced to estimate the changes in the geometry of the borehole as a result of shear failure. A carbonate reservoir from the south of Iran with a solid production history is used to show the application of the developed methodology. Deriving mathematical equations for determination of the shape factor based on different failure criteria indicate that the effect of the intermediate principal stress should be taken into account to achieve an accurate result. However, it should be noticed that the methodology presented can only be used when geomechanical parameters are accurately estimated prior to the production stage when using wells and field data.

关键词： Sand production Shape parameter Failure criteria Carbonate reservoir Analytical solution

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