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Targeting of anti-microbial proteins to the hyphal surface amplifies protection of crop plants against Phytophthora pathogens

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molecular Plant 2021年第8期14卷 1391-1403页

作者： Yang Zhou Kun Yang Qiang Yan Xiaodan Wang ming Cheng Jierui Si Xue Xue Danyu Shen maofeng Jing brett m.Tyler Daolong Dou Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity College of Plant ProtectionAcademy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China College of Plant Protection China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100091China Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing and Department of Botany and Plant Pathology Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA

Phytophthora pathogens are a persistent threat to the world's commercially important agricultural crops,including potato and *** strategies aim at reducing crop losses rely mostly on disease-resistance breeding and chemical pesticides,which can be frequently overcome by the rapid adaptive evolution of *** crops with intrinsic disease resista nee offer a promising alternative and con tinue to be ***,we explored Phytophthora-derived PI3P(phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate)as a novel control target,using proteins that bind this lipid to direct secreted anti-microbial peptides and proteins(AmPs)to the surface of Phytophthora *** transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana,soybean,and potato plants,significantly enhanced resistance to different pathogen isolates was achieved by expression of two AmPs(GAFP1 or GAFP3 from the Chinese medicinal herb Gastrodia elata)fused with a PI3P-specific binding domain(FYVE).Using the soybean pathogen *** as an example,we demonstrated that the FYVE domain could boost the activities of GAFPs in multiple independent assays,including those performed in vitro,in vivo,and in *** analysis of *** PI3K1 and PI3K2 genes of this pathogen confirmed that the enhanced activities of the targeted GAFPs were correlated with PI3P levels in the ***,our study provides a new strategy that could be used to confer resistance not only to Phytophthora pathogens in many plants but also potentially to many other kinds of plant pathogens with unique targets.

关键词： Phytophthora PI3P AmPs transgenic plants disease resistance

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Controlled release of FK506 from micropatterned PLGA films:potential for application in peripheral nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第7期13卷 1247-1252页

作者： brett Davis Susan Wojtalewicz Pratima Labroo Jill Shea Himanshu Sant Bruce Gale Jayant Agarwal Department of Bioengineering University of Utah Department of Surgery University of Utah Department of mechanical Engineering University of Utah

After decades of research,peripheral nerve injury and repair still frequently results in paralysis,chronic pain and neuropathies leading to severe disability in *** clinically available nerve conduits only provide crude guidance of regenerating axons across nerve gap without additional ***506（Tacrolimus）,an FDA approved immunosuppressant,has been shown to enhance peripheral nerve regeneration but carries harsh side-effects when delivered *** objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a bioresorbable drug delivery system capable of local extended delivery of FK506 that also provides topological guidance cues to guide axon growth via *** was used to create micropatterned poly（lactide-co-glycolic acid）（PLGA） films embedded with ***-patterned,10/10 μm（ridge/groove width）,and 30/30 μm patterned films loaded with 0,1,and 3 μg/cm2 FK506 were manufactured and *** vitro FK506 rate of release testing indicated that the films are capable of an extended（at least 56 days）,controlled,and scalable release of *** extension bioactivity assay indicated that FK506 released from the films（concentration of samples tested ranged between 8.46–19.7 ng/m L） maintained its neural bioactivity and promoted neurite extension similar to control FK506 dosages（10 ng/m L FK506）.The multi-functional FK506 embedded,micropatterned poly（lactide-co-glycolic acid） films developed in this study have potential to be used in the construction of peripheral nerve repair devices.

关键词： nerve regeneration FK506 controlled release micropatterns topological cues PLGA

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Optimization of micropatterned poly(lactic-coglycolic acid) films for enhancing dorsal root ganglion cell orientation and extension

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第1期13卷 105-111页

作者： Ching-Wen Li brett Davis Jill Shea Himanshu Sant Bruce Kent Gale Jayant Agarwal Department of mechanical Engineering National Chung Hsing University Department of Surgery School of Medicine University of Utah Department of mechanical Engineering University of Utah

Nerve conduits have been a viable alternative to the ‘gold standard’ autograft for treating small peripheral nerve gap injuries. However, they often produce inadequate functional recovery outcomes and are ineffective in large gap injuries. Ridge/groove surface micropatterning has been shown to promote neural cell orientation and guide growth. However, optimization of the ratio of ridge/groove parameters to promote orientation and extension for dorsal root ganglion （DRG） cells on poly（lactic-co-glycolic acid）（PLGA） films has not been previously conducted. Photolithography and micro-molding were used to define various combinations of ridge/groove dimensions on PLGA films. The DRG cells obtained from chicken embryos were cultured on micropatterned PLGA films for cell orientation and migration *** of the films occurred during the test period, however, this did not cause deformation or distortion of the micropatterns. Results from the DRG cell orientation test suggest that when the ridge/groove ratio equals 1 （ridge/groove width parameters are equal, i.e., 10 μm/10 μm （even））, the degree of alignment depends on the size of the ridges and grooves, when the ratio is smaller than 1 （groove controlled） the alignment increases as the ridge size decreases, and when the ratio is larger than 1 （ridge controlled）, the alignment is reduced as the width of the grooves decreases. The migration rate and neurite extension of DRG neurons were greatest on 10 μm/10 μm and 30 μm/30 μm micropatterned PLGA films. Based on the data, the 10 μm/10 μm and 30 μm/30 μm micropatterned PLGA films are the optimized ridge/groove surface patterns for the construction of nerve repair devices.

关键词： nerve regeneration nerve repair neural cell migration neural cell alignment micropattern dorsal root ganglion topological cues neural regeneration

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Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of non-typhoid Solmonella in military personnel,1988-2013

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2018年第6期8卷 387-392页

作者： Apichai Srijan Woradee Lurchachaiwong Boonchai Wongstitwilairoong Ladaporn Bodhidatta Carl mason brett Swierczewski Department of Enteric Diseases Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical SciencesBangkokThailand Armed Forces Research Institute of medical Sciences current affiliation of the Henry M.Jackson FoundationBethesdaMDUSA

Objective:To describe the spanning 25 years data for the occurrence, magnitude, and trends regarding antimicrobial resistance of non-typhoidalSalmonella (NTS) isolated from non-immune travelers to Thailand participating in joint military ***:A total of 355 NTS isolates, obtained from 2052 fecal samples from US soldiers deployed for military maneuvers in Thailand during 1988-2013, were examined for NTS serogroup/serotypes and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by disk diffusion to these 10 antibiotics:ampicillin, azithromycin (AZm), ciprofloxacin, colistin, gentamicin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, streptomycin (STR), tetracycline (TET), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Identified AZm-resistant NTS isolates were further evaluated for their minimal inhibitory concentration by the E-test ***:NTS infections accounted for 17.3％ (355/2052), including 11 serogroups and 50 different serotypes. The most prevalent serogroup wasSalmonella group C2-C3 (35.8％, 127/355) followed by groups B (21.1％, 75/355) and C1 (18.6％, 66/355). Identified serotypes includedSalmonellahadar (n=60),Salmonellarissen (n=45), andSalmonella blockley (n=34). Among the predominate serogroups, antimicrobial resistance was consistently high against TET (76.9％, 273/355) followed by STR (40.8％, 145/355). OneSalmonella senftenberg isolate demonstrated decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility. most isolates (94.6％) were resistant to one or more antimicrobials, and the most common multidrug resistance was TET-STR-nalidixic acid (11.5％, 41/355).Conclusions:The prevalence of NTS serotypes and the growing magnitude of antibiotic resistant bacteria isolated from deployed US military in Thailand are documented from 1988-2013. This study demonstrates the antibiotic resistance profiles, highlighting the effectiveness of AZm that is a first-line treatment for travelers to Southeast Asia. AZm-resistant NTS isolates are periodically observed over a 25-year period. Hence, the ongoing surveilla

关键词： Non-typhoid Salmonella Antimicrobial resistance Azithromycin Deployed military Public health Thailand

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Organic electrode materials for fast-rate,high-power battery applications

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materials Reports(Energy) 2021年第1期1卷 4-25页

作者： Cara N.Gannett Luis melecio-Zambrano monica Jo Theibault Brian m.Peterson brett P.Fors Hector D.Abruna Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Cornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA

The development of new battery materials with fast charging/discharging capabilities is necessary to meet the growing demands of modern *** counter ion transport in inorganic materials(generally by de/intercalation)currently limits charge/discharge rates in lithium-ion batteries,the weak intermolecular forces in organic materials result in flexible,spacious structures that offer improved ion transport ***,we present the principles which enable fast rate capabilities in organic electrode materials,accompanied by specific literature examples illustrating exceptional rate *** discuss approaches to material design which support electron and/or ion transport and the limitations associated with each *** review aims to highlight the unique characteristics of organic materials as high-power density electrodes and inspire continued work in the field.

关键词： Energy storage Batteries Organic materials High-power Electrochemistry

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Nitrogen regulation by natural systems in“unnatural”landscapes:denitrification in ultra-urban coastal ecosystems

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2018年第9期4卷 17-37页

作者： Bernice R.Rosenzweig Peter m.Groffman Chester B.Zarnoch brett F.Branco Ellen K.Hartig James Fitzpatrick Helen m.Forgione Adam Parris Environmental Sciences Initiative Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate CenterCity University of New YorkNew YorkNYUSA Earth and Environmental Sciences Brooklyn CollegeCity University of New YorkBrooklynNYUSA Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies MillbrookNYUSA Natural Sciences Baruch College and Graduate CenterCity University of New YorkNew YorkNYUSA New York City Department of Parks and Recreation Natural Resources GroupNew YorkNYUSA HDR Inc.New YorkNYUSA The Natural Areas Conservancy New YorkNYUSA Science and Resilience Institute at Jamaica Bay BrooklynNYUSA

Dense cities represent biogeochemical hot spots along the shoreline,concentrating fixed nitrogen that is subsequently discharged into adjacent coastal receiving ***,the ecosystem services provided by natural systems in highly urban environments can play a particularly important role in the global nitrogen *** this paper,we review the recent literature on nitrogen regulation by temperate coastal ecosystems,with a focus on how the distinct physical and biogeochemical features of the urban landscape can affect the provision of this ecosystem *** use Jamaica Bay,an ultra-urbanized coastal lagoon in the United States of America,as a demonstrative case *** on simple areal and tidal-based calculations,the natural systems of Jamaica Bay remove~24%of the reactive nitrogen discharged by wastewater treatment ***,this estimate does not represent the dynamic nature of urban nitrogen cycling represented in the recent literature and highlights key research needs and *** review reveals that ecosystem-facilitated denitrification may be significant in even the most densely urbanized coastal landscapes,but critical uncertainties currently limit incorporation of this ecosystem service in environmental management.

关键词： Nitrogen denitrification urban coastal anammox wetlands

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Tbr2-expressing intermediate progenitor cells in the adult mouse hippocampus are unipotent neuronal precursors with limited amplification capacity under homeostasis

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Frontiers in Biology 2015年第3期10卷 262-271页

作者： Daniel A. Berg , Ki-Jun Yoon brett Will Alex Y. Xiao Nam-Shik Kim Kimberly m. Christian Hongjun Song Guo-li ming Institute Jor Cell Engineering Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21205 USA Department of Neurology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21205 USA Laboratory of molecular Neurobiology Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics Karolinska Institute Scheelevag 2 17 117 Stockholm Sweden The Solomon 11. Snyder Department of Neuroscience Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21205 USA

Neurogenesis persists in two locations of the adult mammalian brain, the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus. In the adult subgranular zone, radial glial- like cells （RGLs） are multipotent stem cells that can give rise to both astrocytes and neurons. In the process of generating neurons, RGLs divide asymmetrically to give rise to one RGL and one intermediate progenitor cell （IPC）. IPCs are considered to be a population of transit amplifying cells that proliferate and eventually give rise to mature granule neurons. The properties of individual IPCs at the clonai level are not well understood. Furthermore, it is not clear whether IPCs can generate astrocytes or revert back to RGLs, besides generating neurons. Here we developed a genetic marking strategy for clonal analysis and lineage-tracing of individual Tbr2-expressing IPCs in the adult hippocampus in vivo using Tbr2-CreERT2 mice. Using this technique we identified Tbr2-CreERT2 labeled IPCs as unipotent neuronal precursors that do not generate astrocytes or RGLs under homeostasis. Additionally, we showed that these labeled IPCs rapidly generate immature neurons in a synchronous manner and do not undergo a significant amount of amplification under homeostasis, in animals subjected to an enriched environment/running, or in animals with different age. In summary, our study suggests that Tbr2-expressing IPCs in the adult mouse hippocampus are unipotent precursors and rapidly give rise to immature neurons without major amplification.

关键词： adult neurogenesis Tbr2 clonal analysis lineage tracing enriched environment

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Realizing optimal hydrogen evolution reaction properties via tuning phosphorous and transition metal interactions

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Green Energy & Environment 2020年第4期5卷 506-512页

作者： Haishun Jiang Siyu Zhao Wenyao Li Tobias P.Neville Isil Akpinar Paul R.Shearing Dan J.L.brett Guanjie He School of materials Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai201620China Electrochemical Innovation Lab Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 7JEUnited Kingdom School of Chemistry University of LincolnJoseph Banks LaboratoriesGreen LaneLincolnLN67DLUnited Kingdom Faculty of Engineering Environmental EngineeringAksaray UniversityAksaray68100Turkey

Hydrogen is one of the most attractive renewables for future energy application,therefore it is vital to develop cost-effective and highlyefficient electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)to promote the generation of hydrogen from mild *** this work,Co–mo phosphide nanosheets with the adjustable ratio of Co and mo were fabricated on carbon cloth by a facile hydrothermal-annealing *** to the unique nanostructures,abundant active surfaces and small resistance were *** electrocatalytic performances are obtained,such as the small overpotential of^67.3 mV to realize a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2) and a Tafel slope of 69.9 mV dec^(-1).Rapid recovery of the current response under multistep chronoamperometry is realized and excellent stability retained after the CV test for 2000 *** change of electronic states of different elements was carefully studied which suggested the optimal electrochemical performance can be realized by tuning phosphorous and metal interactions.

关键词： Co-mo Phosphide Nanosheets Hydrogen evolution reaction metal-phosphorous interactions

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Hepatic pseudotumor associated with Strongyloides infection:A case report

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第12期15卷 1338-1343页

作者： Jessica P Gialanella Tyler Steidl Kokkola Korpela miral S Grandhi Russell C Langan H Richard Alexander Rachel m Hudacko brett L Ecker Department of Surgical Oncology Rutgers Cancer Institute of New JerseyNew BrunswickNJ 08901United States Rutgers New Jersey medical School NewarkNJ 07103United States Department of Infectious Disease Cooperman Barnabas Medical CenterLivingstonNJ 07039United States Department of Pathology and Labratory medicine Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNJ 08901United States

BACKGROUND Strongyloides sterocoralis is a parasitic infection caused by a roundworm that is transmitted through soil contaminated with *** can infrequently cause hepatic abscesses in immunocompromised patients and is rarely reported to form hepatic lesions in immunocompetent *** SUmmARY We present a case study of a 45-year-old female who presented with right upper quadrant abdominal pain and constitutional symptoms for several *** imaging identified several malignant-appearing liver *** investigation,including serological testing and histopathologic examination,revealed the presence of serum Strongyloides antibodies and hepatic granulomas with extensive *** treatment with ivermectin for 2 wk,there was complete resolution of the liver lesions and associated *** This case highlights the importance of considering parasitic infections,such as Strongyloides,in the differential diagnosis of hepatic *** recognition and appropriate treatment can lead to a favorable outcome and prevent unnecessary invasive *** awareness among clinicians is crucial to ensure the timely diagnosis and management of such cases.

关键词： Hepatic tumor Liver mass Strongyloides sterocoralis Parasitology Case report

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Investigation of overburden behaviour for grout injection to control mine subsidence

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International Journal of mining Science and Technology 2014年第3期24卷 317-323页

作者： Shen Baotang Poulsen brett CSIRO Earth Science and Resource Engineering Brisbane QLD 4069 Australia

This paper describes a field and numerical investigation of the overburden strata response to underground longwall mining, focusing on overburden strata movements and stress *** related high stress concentrations are believed to have caused damage to river beds in the Illawarra region, Australia. In the field study, extensometers, stressmeters and piezometers were installed in the overburden strata of a longwall panel at West Cliff Colliery. During longwall mining, a total of1000 mm tensile deformation was recorded in the overburden strata and as a result bed separation and gaps were formed. Bed separation was observed to start in the roof of the mining seam and gradually propagate toward the surface as the longwall face advanced. A substantial increase in the near-surface horizontal stresses was recorded before the longwall face reached the monitored locations. The stresses continued to increase as mining advanced and they reached a peak at about 200 m behind the longwall face. A numerical modelling study identified that the angle of breakage(i.e., the angle of the boundary of caved zone) behind the longwall face and over the goaf was 22–25° from vertical direction. This is consistent with the monitoring results showing the high gradient of stresses and strains on the surface150–320 m behind the mining face.

关键词： Longwal mining Overburden movement Stress Subsidence Grout injection

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