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Effect of saline water ionic strength on phosphorus recovery from synthetic swine wastewater

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第3期34卷 81-91页

作者： Zhipeng Zhang Bing Li Filicia Wicaksana Wei Yu brent young Department of Chemical&Materials Engineering University of AucklandAuckland 1010New Zealand

Declining worldwide phosphate rock reserves has driven a growing interest in exploration of alternative phosphate supplies. This study involved phosphorus recovery from swine wastewater through precipitation of struvite, a valuable slow-release fertiliser. The economic feasibility of this process is highly dependent on the cost of magnesium source. Two different magnesium sources were used for phosphorus recovery: pure magnesium chloride and nanofiltration(NF) saline water retentate. The paper focuses on the impact of ionic strength on phosphorus recovery performance that has not been reported elsewhere. Experimental design with five numerical variables(Mg/P molar ratio, pH, PO_(4)^(3-)-P, NH_(4)^(+)-N, and Ca^(2+) levels) and one categorical variable(type of magnesium source) was used to evaluate the effect of ionic strength on phosphorus removal and struvite purity. The experimental data were analysed using analysis of variance(ANOVA) and principal component analysis(PCA). Results indicated that a magnesium source obtained from NF retentate was as effective as MgCl_(2) for struvite precipitation. It was also revealed that ionic strength had a more positive effect on struvite purity than on phosphorus removal. Within the range of parameters studied in this research, high ionic strength, high p H and wastewater with high phosphate, high ammonium and low calcium contents were found to be the most favourable conditions for struvite precipitation. Findings from this study will be beneficial to determine the feasibility of using high ionic strength saline water, such as NF seawater retentate, as a magnesium source for phosphorus recovery from wastewater that is rich in ammoniumnitrogen and phosphate.

关键词： Phosphorus recovery Struvite Ionic strength Wastewater Nanofiltration retentate

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Maternal salinity improves yield, size and stress tolerance of Suaeda fruticosa seeds

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Journal of Arid Land 2020年第2期12卷 283-293页

作者： Syed Z SHAH Aysha RASHEED Bilquees GUL Muhammad A KHAN brent LNIELSEN Abdul HAMEED Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization University of KarachiKarachi 75270Pakistan Govt.Degree Boys College Sector 4ENew SaeedabadBaldia TownKarachi 75760Pakistan Department of Microbiology&Molecular Biology Brigham Young UniversityProvoUT 84602USA

Shrubby seablite or lani(Suaeda fruticosa Forssk)is a perennial euhalophyte with succulent leaves,which could be planted on arid-saline lands for restoration and cultivated as a non-conventional edible or cash *** about the impacts of maternal saline environment on seed attributes of this important euhalophyte is *** study investigated the effects of maternal salinity on yield,size and stress tolerance of *** *** of *** were grown in a green net house under increasing maternal salinity levels(0,300,600 and 900 mM NaCl)until seed *** yield,size,stress tolerance and germination of the descended seeds under different maternal saline conditions were *** grown under saline conditions(300,600 and 900 mM NaCl)produce a substantially higher quantity of seeds than plants grown under non-saline condition(0 mM NaCl).Low maternal salinity(300 mM NaCl)improves seed *** produced under all maternal salinity levels display a higher tolerance to low temperature(night/day thermoperiod of 10℃/20℃),whereas seeds produced under 300 mM NaCl maternal saline condition show a better tolerance to high temperature(night/day thermoperiod of 25℃/35℃)during *** from all maternal saline conditions germinate better in the 12 h photoperiod(12 h light/12 h dark)than in the dark(24 h dark);however,seeds produced from low and moderate maternal saline conditions(300 and 600 mM NaCl)show a higher germination in the dark than those from control and high maternal saline conditions(0 and 900 mM NaCl).In general,maternal salinity is found to improve yield,size and stress tolerance of *** seeds.

关键词： euhalophyte maternal salinity salt tolerance seed germination non-saline condition Suaeda fruticosa

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Spatial phylogenetics of the Chinese angiosperm flora provides insights into endemism and conservation

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第1期64卷 105-117页

作者： Xiao-Xia Zhang Jian-Fei Ye Shawn W.Laffan brent D.Mishler Andrew H.Thornhill Li-Min Lu Ling-Feng Mao Bing Liu You-Hua Chen An-Ming Lu Joseph T.Miller Zhi-Duan Chen State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botanythe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Beijing Botanical Garden Institute of Botanythe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China School of Biological Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia University and Jepson Herbaria and Department of Integrative BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720-2465USA The University of Adelaide Environment InstituteAdelaideSA5005Australia State Herbarium of South Australia Botanic Gardens and State HerbariumDepartment for Environment and WaterAdelaideSA5001Australia College of Biology and the Environment Nanjing Forestry UniversityNANJING 210037China Sino-Africa Joint Research Center the Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China Chengdu Institute of Biology the Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Global Biodiversity Information Facility CopenhagenDenmark

The flora of China is well known for its high diversity and endemism. Identifying centers of endemism and designating conservation priorities are essential goals for biodiversity ***, there is no comprehensive study from a rigorous phylogenetic perspective to understand patterns of diversity and endemism and to guide biodiversity conservation in China. We conducted a spatial phylogenetic analysis of the Chinese angiosperm flora at the generic level to identify centers of neo-and paleoendemism. Our results indicate that:(i) themajority of grid cells in China with significantly high phylogenetic endemism(PE) were located in the mountainous regions;(ii) four of the nine centers of endemism recognized, located in northern and western China, were recognized for the first time;(iii) arid and semiarid regions in Northwest China were commonly linked to significant PE, consistent with other spatial phylogenetic studies worldwide;and(iv) six highpriority conservation gaps were detected by overlaying the boundaries of China’s nature reserves on all significant PE cells. Overall, we conclude that the mountains of southern and northern China contain both paleo-endemics(ancient relictual lineages) and neo-endemics(recently diverged lineages). The areas we highlight as conservation priorities are important for broad-scale planning, especially in the context of evolutionary history preservation.

关键词： categorical analysis of neo-and paleo-endemism Chinese angiosperm flora conservation priority phylogenetic endemism phylogenetic diversity spatial phylogenetics

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Performance on the Functional Movement Screen in older active adults

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2016年第1期5卷 119-125页

作者： Ulrike H.Mitchell A.Wayne Johnson Pat R.Vehrs J.brent Feland Sterling C.Hilton Department of Exercise Sciences Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA Department of Educational Leadership and Foundations David O. McKay School of Education Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA

Background:The Functional Movement Screen(FMS^(TM)) has become increasingly popular for identifying functional limitations in basic functional *** exploratory and descriptive study was undertaken to confirm feasibility of performing the FMS^(TM) in older active adults,assess prevalence of asymmetries and to evaluate the relationship between functional movement ability,age,physical activity levels and body mass index(BMI).Methods:This is an observational study;97 men(n = 53) and women(n = 44) between the ages of 52 and 83 *** was computed and self-reported physical activity levels were *** were grouped by age(5-year intervals),BMI(normal,over-weight,and obese)and *** participant's performance on the FMS^(TM) was digitally recorded for later ***:The youngest age group(50–54 years) scored highest in all seven tests and the oldest age group(75+) scored lowest in most of the tests compared to all other age *** subjects in the 'normal weight' group performed no different than those who were in the 'overweight' group;both groups performed better than the 'obese' *** the 97 participants 54 had at least one *** pairwise correlations between the total FMS^(TM) score and age(r =-0.531),BMI(r =-0.270),and the measure of activity level(r = 0.287) were significant(p < 0.01 for all).Conclusion:FMS^(TM) scores decline with increased BMI,increased age,and decreased activity *** screen identifies range of motion-and strength-related *** FMS^(TM) can be used to assess functional limitations and *** research should evaluate if a higher total FMS^(TM) score is related to fewer falls or injuries in the older population.

关键词： Age BMI Fitness level FMS^(TM) Functional fitness Functional limitations

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Atom-referenced and stabilized soliton microcomb

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第2期67卷 2-8页

作者： Rui Niu Shuai Wan Tian-Peng Hua Wei-Qiang Wang Zheng-Yu Wang Jin Li Zhu-Bo Wang Ming Li Zhen Shen Yu Robert Sun Shui-Ming Hu brent ELittle Sai Tak Chu Wei Zhao Guang-Can Guo Chang-Ling Zou Yun-Feng Xiao Wen-Fu Zhang Chun-Hua Dong State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710119China CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Chemical Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Physics and Materials Science City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

For the applications of the frequency comb in microresonators,it is essential to obtain a fully frequency-stabilized microcomb laser *** this study,we present a system for generating a fully atom-referenced stabilized soliton *** pump light around 1560.48 nm is locked to an ultra-low-expansion(ULE)*** pump light is then frequency-doubled and referenced to the atomic transition *** repetition rate of the soliton microcomb is injection-locked to an atomic-clockstabilized radio frequency(RF)source,leading to mHz stabilization at 1 *** a result,all comb lines have been frequencystabilized based on the atomic reference and the ULE cavity,achieving a very high precision of approximately 18 Hz at 1 s,corresponding to the frequency stability of 9.5×10^(-14).Our approach provides a fully stabilized microcomb experiment scheme with no requirement of f-2f technique,which could be easily implemented and generalized to various photonic platforms,thus paving the way towards the ultraprecise optical sources for high precision spectroscopy.

关键词： microcavity frequency comb dissipative Kerr solitons fully stabilized microcomb

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应用于前沿技术节点的集成生产覆盖逐场控制

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中国集成电路 2016年第7期25卷 69-75页

作者： Woong Jae Chung John Tristan Karsten Gutjahr Lokesh Subramany Chen Li Yulei Sun Mark Yelverton young Ki Kim Jeong Soo Kim Chin-Chou Kevin Huang William Pierson Ramkumar Karur-Shanmugam brent Riggs Sven Jug John C.Robinson Lipkong Yap Vidya Ramanathan GLOBALFOUNDRIES 400 Stone Break Road Extension Malta NY 12020 USA KLA-Tencor corp. 1 Technology Drive Milpitas CA 95035 USA

随着前沿HVM流程节点中不断应用光刻和193nm浸没式多重图形技术,逻辑设备的关键层生产覆盖要求几乎已经达到了扫描仪硬件性能的极限。为了满足HVM生产环境极端覆盖的要求,本次研究调查了前沿技术节点的一个新集成覆盖控制构想,它将运行... 详细信息

随着前沿HVM流程节点中不断应用光刻和193nm浸没式多重图形技术,逻辑设备的关键层生产覆盖要求几乎已经达到了扫描仪硬件性能的极限。为了满足HVM生产环境极端覆盖的要求,本次研究调查了前沿技术节点的一个新集成覆盖控制构想,它将运行到运行(R2R)线性或高阶控制回路、周期逐场或每曝光校正(CPE)晶圆流程标记控制回路,以及扫描仪基线控制回路结合,应用到晶圆厂主机APC系统的一个单一集成覆盖控制路径。目标是满足晶圆厂的覆盖性能要求、降低总拥有成本,并提供自由的控制方法。本文将讨论此构想的一个详细实施案例,以及一些初步的结果。

关键词：覆盖 CPE 残余扫描仪覆盖控制逐场校正每曝光校正基线控制

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Rapid and precise distance measurement with hybrid comb lasers

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Advanced Photonics Nexus 2024年第4期3卷 70-81页

作者： Zhichuang Wang Jiawen Zhi Hanzhong Wu brent E.Little Sai T.Chu Jie Zhang Zehuang Lu Chenggang Shao Weiqiang Wang Wenfu Zhang Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision MechanicsState Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and PhotonicsXi’anChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Huazhong University of Science and Technology PGMF and School of PhysicsMOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities MeasurementsHubei Key Laboratory of Gravitation and Quantum PhysicsWuhanChina City University of Hong Kong Department of Physics and Materials ScienceHong KongChina

Dual-comb ranging allows rapid and precise distance measurement and can be universally implemented on different comb platforms,e.g.,fiber combs and *** date,dual-fiber-comb ranging has become a mature and powerful tool for metrology and industry,but the measurement speed is often at a kilohertz level due to the lower repetition ***,dual-microcomb ranging has given rise to a new opportunity for distance measurement,in consequence of its small footprint and high repetition rates,but full-comb stabilization is ***,we report a dual-hybrid-comb distance meter capable of ultrarapid and submicrometer precision distance measurement,which can not only leverage the advantage of easy locking inherited from the fiber comb but also sustain ultrarapid measurement speed due to the *** experimental results show that the measurement precision can reach 3.572μm at 4.136μs and 432 nm at 827.2μs averaging *** from the large difference between the repetition rates of the hybrid combs,the measurement speed can be enhanced by 196 folds,in contrast to the dual-fiber-comb system with about a 250 MHz repetition *** work can offer a solution for the fields of rapid dimensional measurement and spectroscopy.

关键词： microcomb absolute distance measurement high-precision measurement high-speed measurement

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