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Trial by fire:Testing the paleolongitude of Pangea of competing reference frames with the African LLSVP

Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第4期11卷 1253-1256页

作者： Ross N.Mitchell Lei Wu j.brendan Murphy Zheng-Xiang Li State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Earth Dynamics Research Group The Institute for Geoscience Research(TIGeR)School of Earth and Planetary SciencesCurtin UniversityGPO Box U1987PerthWAAustralia Department of Earth Sciences St.Francis Xavier UniversityAntigonishNova ScotiaCanada

Paleogeography can be reconstructed using various crust-or mantle-based reference frames that make fundamentally different *** various reconstruction models differ significantly in continental paleolongitude,but it has been difficult to assess which models are more *** suggest here a "LLSVP test",where an assumed correlation between present-day large low velocity shear-wave provinces and the paleogeography of supercontinent Pangea at breakup ca.200 million years ago can be used to assess the relative accuracy of published *** correlations between continental paleolongitude and the African LLSVP are achieved with mantle-based reference frames(moving hotspots and true polar wander),whereas shallower crustbased reference frames are shown to be *** relative success of mantle-based frames,and thus the importance of the depth of reference frame,supports the notion that mantle convection is largely vertical compared to the horizontal plate motion of tectonics.

关键词： Palaeogeography Plate tectonics LLSVPs Reference frames

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Quantifying geological uncertainty in metamorphic phase equilibria modelling;a Monte Carlo assessment and implications for tectonic interpretations

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第4期7卷 591-607页

作者： Richard M.Palin Owen M.Weller David j.Waters brendan Dyck Institute of Geosciences Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz55128MainzGermany Geological Survey of Canada 601 Booth StreetOttawaONKIA OESCanada Department of Earth Sciences University of OxfordOxfordOX1 3ANUnited Kingdom

Pseudosection modelling is rapidly becoming an essential part of a petrologist＇s toolkit and often forms the basis of interpreting the tectonothermal evolution of a rock sample, outcrop, or geological region. Of the several factors that can affect the accuracy and precision of such calculated phase diagrams, ＂geological＂ uncertainty related to natural petrographic variation at the hand sample- and/or thin section-scale is rarely considered. Such uncertainty influences the sample＇s bulk composition, which is the primary control on its equilibrium phase relationships and thus the interpreted pressure-temper- ature （P-T） conditions of formation. Two case study examples--a garnet-cordierite granofels and a garnet-staurolite-kyanite schist--are used to compare the relative importance that geological uncer- tainty has on bulk compositions determined via （1） X-ray fluorescence （XRF） or （2） point counting techniques. We show that only minor mineralogical variation at the thin-section scale propagates through the phase equilibria modelling procedure and affects the absolute P-T conditions at which key assemblages are stable. Absolute displacements of equilibria can approach ＋l kbar for only a moderate degree of modal proportion uncertainty, thus being essentially similar to the magnitudes reported for analytical uncertainties in conventional thermobarometry. Bulk compositions determined from multiple thin sections of a heterogeneous garnet-staurolite-kyanite schist show a wide range in major-element oxides, owing to notable variation in mineral proportions. Pseudosections constructed for individual point count-derived bulks accurately reproduce this variability on a case-by-case basis, though averaged proportions do not correlate with those calculated at equivalent peak P-T conditions for a whole-rock XRF-derived bulk composition. The main discrepancies relate to varying proportions of matrix phases （primarily mica） relative to porphyroblasts （primarily staurolite and kyanit

关键词： Geological uncertainty Error Pseudosection Monte Carlo MnNCKFMASHTO

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Epigenetics of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors:A clinicopathologic perspective

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World journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2017年第9期9卷 341-353页

作者： brendan M Finnerty Katherine D Gray Maureen D Moore Rasa Zarnegar Thomas j FaheyⅢ Department of Surgery New York Presbyterian HospitalWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10065United States

Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(GEP-NETs) are a heterogeneous group of rare tumors whose site-specific tumor incidence and clinical behavior vary widely. Genetic alterations associated with familial inherited syndromes have been well defined; however, the genetic profile of sporadic tumors is less clear as their tumorigenesis does not appear to be controlled by classic oncogenes such as P53, RB, or KRAS. Even within GEP-NETs, there are no common oncogenic drivers; for example, DAXX/ATRX mutations are strongly implicated in the tumorigenesis of pancreatic but not small bowel NETs. Accordingly, the dysregulation of epigenetic mechanisms has been hypothesized as a potential regulator of GEPNET tumorigenesis and has become a major focus of recent studies. Despite the heterogeneity of tumor cohorts evaluated in these studies, it is obvious that there are methylation patterns, chromatin remodeling alterations, and microR NA and long non-coding RNA(lncR NA) differential expression profiles that are distinctive of GEPNETs, some of which are correlated with significant differences in clinical outcomes. Several translational studies have provided convincing data identifying potential prognostic biomarkers, and some of these have demonstrated preliminary success as serum biomarkers that can be used clinically. Nevertheless, there are many opportunities to further define the mechanisms by which these epigenetic modifications influence tumorigenesis, and this will provide better insight into their prognostic and therapeutic utility. Furthermore, these findings form the foundation for future studies evaluating the clinical efficacy of epigenetic modifications as prognostic biomarkers, as well as potential therapeutic targets.

关键词： Epigenetics Carcinoid Neuroendocrine MicroRNA Methylation Histone modifications Chromatin remodeling LncRNA

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Potential of damage associated molecular patterns in synergising radiation and the immune response in oesophageal cancer

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World journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2023年第8期15卷 1349-1365页

作者： Noel E Donlon Maria Davern Andrew Sheppard Fiona O'Connell brendan moran Timothy S Nugent Aisling Heeran james j Phelan Anshul Bhardwaj Christine Butler Narayanasamy Ravi Claire L Donohoe Niamh Lynam-Lennon Stephen Maher john V Reynolds joanne Lysaght Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group Department of SurgeryTrinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St James’s Cancer InstituteTrinity College DublinSt James’s HospitalDublin D08Ireland

BACKGROUND There is an intimate crosstalk between cancer formation,dissemination,treatment response and the host immune system,with inducing tumour cell death the ultimate therapeutic goal for most anti-cancer ***,inducing a purposeful synergistic response between conventional therapies and the immune system remains *** release of damage associated molecular patterns(DAMPs)is indicative of immunogenic cell death and propagation of established immune ***,there is a gap in the literature regarding the importance of DAMP expression in oesophageal adenocarcinoma(OAC)or by immune cells *** To investigate the effects of conventional therapies on DAMP expression and to determine whether OAC is an immunogenic *** We investigated the levels of immunogenic cell death-associated DAMPs,calreticulin(CRT)and HMGB1 using an OAC isogenic model of *** expression was also assessed directly using ex vivo cancer patient T cells(n=10)and within tumour biopsies(n=9)both pre and post-treatment with clinically relevant chemo(radio)*** Hypoxia in combination with nutrient deprivation significantly reduces DAMP expression by OAC cells in *** increased frequencies of T cell DAMP expression in OAC patients were observed following chemo-(radio)therapy,which was significantly higher in tumour tissue compared with peripheral *** with high expression of HMGB1 had a significantly better tumour regression grade(TRG 1-2)compared to low *** In conclusion,OAC expresses an immunogenic phenotype with two distinct subgroups of high and low DAMP expressors,which correlated with tumour regression grade and lymphatic *** also identifies DAMPs namely CRT and HMGB1 as potential promising biomarkers in predicting good pathological responses to conventional chemo(radio)therapies currently used in the multimodal management of locally advanced disease.

关键词： Damage associated molecular patterns HMGB1 Calreticulin Oesophageal adenocarcinoma T cells Radiation

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On localization with robust power control for safety critical wireless sensor networks

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控制理论与应用（英文版） 2011年第1期9卷 83-92页

作者： Michael j. WALSH Anthony FEE john BARTON brendan O'FLYNN Martin j. HAYES Cian O'MATHUNA Clarity Center for Web Technologies Microsystems Centre-Tyndall National Institute Lee MaltingsUniversity College CorkCorkIreland Wireless Access Research Center University of LimerickLimerickIreland

A hybrid methodology is proposed for use in low power, safety critical wireless sensor network applications, where quality-of-service orientated transceiver output power control is required to operate in parallel with radio frequency-based localization. The practical implementation is framed in an experimental procedure designed to track a moving agent in a realistic indoor environment. An adaptive time synchronized approach is employed to ensure the positioning technique can operate effectively in the presence of dataloss and where the transmitter output power of the mobile agent is varying due to power control. A deterministic multilateration-based positioning approach is adopted and accuracy is improved by filtering signal strength measurements overtime to account for multipath fading. The location estimate is arrived at by employing least-squares estimation. Power control is implemented at two separate levels in the network topology. First, power control is applied to the uplink between the tracking reference nodes and the centralized access point. A number of algorithms are implemented highlighting the advantage associated with using additional feedback bandwidth, where available, and also the need for effective time delay compensation. The second layer of power control is implemented on the uplink between the mobile agent and the access point and here quantifiable improvements in quality of service and energy efficiency are observed. The hybrid paradigm is extensively tested experimentally on a fully compliant 802.15.4 testbed, where mobility is considered in the problem formulation using a team of fully autonomous robots.

关键词： Wireless sensor network Power control Localization

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