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Neoproterozoic tectonic geography of the south-east Congo Craton in Zambia as deduced from the age and composition of detrital zircons

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第6期10卷 2045-2061页

作者： brandon l.alessio Alan S.Collins Peter Siegfried Stijn Glorie Bert De Waele Justin Payne Donnelly B.Archibald Centre for Tectonics Resources and Exploration(TRaX)Dept of Earth SciencesThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSouth Australia 5005Australia GeoAfrica Prospecting Services cc ErosNamibia SRK Consulting 1/10 Richardson StWest PerthWestern Australia 6005Australia Curtin University of Technology Kent StBentleyWestern Australia 6102Australia Centre for Tectonics Resources and Exploration(TRaX)School of Built and Natural EnvironmentsUniversity of South AustraliaAdelaideSouth Australia 5000Australia St.Francis Xavier University Physical Sciences Complex5009 Chapel SquareAntigonishNova Scotia B2G 2W5Canada

The Southern Irumide Belt(SIB)is an orogenic belt consisting of a number of lithologically varied Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic terranes that were thrust upon each *** belt lies along the southwest margin of the Archaean to Proterozoic Congo Craton,and bears a Neoproterozoic tectonothermal overprint relating to the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian collision between the Congo and Kalahari *** preserves a record of about 500 million years of plate interaction along this part of the Congo *** zircon samples from the SIB were analysed for U-Pb and lu-Hf isotopes,as well as trace element *** data are used to constrain sediment-source relationships between SIB terranes and other Gondwanan terranes such as the local Congo Craton and Irumide belt and wider afield to Madagascar(Azania)and *** correlations are then used to interpret the Mesoproterozoic to Neoproterozoic affinity of the rocks and evolution of the *** zircon samples from the Chewore-Rufunsa and Kacholola(previously referred to as luangwa-Nyimba)terranes of the SIB yield zircon U-Pb age populations and evolvedε(Hf)(t)values that are similar to the Muva Supergroup found throughout eastern Zambia,primarily correlating with Ubendian-Usagaran(ca.2.05-1.80 Ga)phase magmatism and a cryptic basement terrane that has been suggested to underlie the Bangweulu Block and Irumide *** data suggest that the SIB was depositionally connected to the Congo Craton throughout the *** more eastern Nyimba-Sinda terrane of the SIB(previously referred to as Petauke-Sinda terrane)records detrital zircon ages andε(Hf)(t)values that correlate with ca.1.1-1.0 Ga magmatism exposed elsewhere in the SIB and Irumide *** ascribe this difference in age populations to the polyphase development of the province,where the sedimentary and volcanic rocks of the Nyimba-Sinda terrane accumulated in extensional basins that developed in the *** deposition wou

关键词： Detrital zircon geochronology Tectonics Hafnium isotopes Zambia Southern irumide belt Irumide belt

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Multiple sclerosis is at a checkpoint: advancing the program

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 811-812页

作者： brandon C.Smith Jessica l.Williams Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Biological Geologicaland Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system(CNS). Patients with MS experience sensory and motor function loss due to myelin and/or axon damage perpetuated b... 详细信息

关键词： Hauser sclerosis damage

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Aerosol jet printing of surface acoustic wave microfluidic devices

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 231-242页

作者： Joseph Rich Brian Cole Teng li brandon lu Hanyu Fu Brittany N.Smith Jianping Xia Shujie Yang Ruoyu Zhong James l.Doherty Kanji Kaneko Hiroaki Suzuki Zhenhua Tian Aaron D.Franklin Tony Jun Huang Department of Biomedical Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVA 24061USA Thomas lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Deptartment of Precision Mechanics Faculty of Science and EngineeringChuo UniversityTokyo 112-8551Japan Department of Chemistry Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA

The addition of surface acoustic wave(SAW)technologies to microfluidics has greatly advanced lab-on-a-chip applications due to their unique and powerful attributes,including high-precision manipulation,versatility,integrability,biocompatibility,contactless nature,and rapid ***,the development of SAW microfluidic devices is limited by complex and time-consuming micro/nanofabrication techniques and access to cleanroom facilities for multistep photolithography and vacuum-based *** simplify the fabrication of SAW microfluidic devices with customizable dimensions and functions,we utilized the additive manufacturing technique of aerosol jet *** successfully fabricated customized SAW microfluidic devices of varying materials,including silver nanowires,graphene,and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)polystyrene sulfonate(PEDOT:PSS).To characterize and compare the acoustic actuation performance of these aerosol jet printed SAW microfluidic devices with their cleanroom-fabricated counterparts,the wave displacements and resonant frequencies of the different fabricated devices were directly measured through scanning laser Doppler ***,to exhibit the capability of the aerosol jet printed devices for lab-on-a-chip applications,we successfully conducted acoustic streaming and particle concentration ***,we demonstrated a novel solution-based,direct-write,single-step,cleanroom-free additive manufacturing technique to rapidly develop SAW microfluidic devices that shows viability for applications in the fields of biology,chemistry,engineering,and medicine.

关键词： printing wave fluid

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Sex differences in the influence of social context, salient social stimulation and amphetamine on ultrasonic vocalizations in prairie voles

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第3期9卷 280-293页

作者： Sean T.MA Shanna l.RESENDEZ brandon J.ARAGONA Department of Psychology Program in Neuroscience University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA

Prairie voles(Microtus ochrogaster)are a socially monogamous rodent species and their cooperative behaviors require extensive communication between *** use ultrasonic vocalizations(USVs)to communicate and because a prairie vole breeder pair must engage in extensive cooperation for successful reproduction,auditory communication may be critical for this ***,we sought to characterize USVs in adult male and female prairie voles,and to determine how these calls are influenced by social context,salient social stimuli and the psychostimulant drug of abuse amphetamine(AMPH).Here,we characterize prairie vole USVs by showing the range of frequencies of prairie vole USVs,the proportion of various call types,how these call types compare between males and females,and how they are influenced by social stimulation and *** caused a robust increase in the number of USVs in both males and females and there was a dramatic sex difference in the complexity of call structures of AMPH-induced USVs,with males emitting more elaborate ***,we show that novel(***)social cues evoked differential increases in USVs across sex,with males showing a much more robust increase in USV production,both with respect to the frequency and complexity of USV *** to an estrous female in particular caused an extraordinary increase in USVs in male *** data suggest that USVs may be a useful measure of social motivation in this species,including how social behaviors can be impacted by drugs of abuse.

关键词： amphetamine dopamine mate choice pair bonding ultrasonic vocalization

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Do coyotes Canis latrans influence occupancy ot prey in suburban forest fragments？

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Current Zoology 2016年第1期62卷 1-6页

作者： brandon M. JONES Michael V. COVE Marcus A. lASHlEY Victoria l. JACKSON Department of Biology and Agriculture University of Central Missouri Warrensburg M0 64093 USA Department of Applied Ecology North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA Department of Wildlife Fisheries and Aquaculture Mississippi State University Starkville MS 39762 USA

With the extirpation of apex predators from many North American systems, coyotes Canis latrans have become the de facto top predator and are ubiquitous members of most ecosystems. Keystone predators aid in maintaining ecosystem function by regulating the mammal community through direct predation and instilling the landscape of fear, yet the value of coyotes regulating systems to this capacity is understudied and likely variable across environments. Since coyotes are common in the Midwestern United States, we utilized camera traps and occupancy analyses to as- sess their role in regulating the distribution of mammalian herbivores in a fragmented suburban ecosystem. Forest cover was a strong positive predictor of white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus detection, while coyote occurrence had a negative effect. Coyotes exerted a negative effect on squirrel （Sciurus spp.） and eastern cottontail rabbit Sylvilagus floridanus occurrence, while urban cover was a positive predictor for the prey species＇ occurrence. These results suggest all 3 species behaviorally avoid coyotes whereby deer seek denser forest cover and squirrels and cottontails mitigate risk by increasing use of urban areas. Although previous studies reveal limited influence of coyote on the rest of the carnivore guild in suburban systems, we suggest coyotes play an important role in regulating the herbivorous mammals and hence may provide similar eco- logical, benefits in urban/suburban forest fragments through trophic cascades. Furthermore, since hunting may not be allowed in urban and suburban habitats, coyotes might also serve as the pri- mary regulator of nuisance species occurring at high abundance such as white-tailed deer and squirrels.

关键词： camera traps coyote deer rabbit squirrel urban wildlife.

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Oxide-on-graphene field effect bio-ready sensors

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Nano Research 2014年第9期7卷 1263-1270页

作者： Bei Wang Kristi l. liddell Junjie Wang brandon Koger Christine D. Keating Jun Zhu Department of Physics The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA Department of Chemistry The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA Materials Research Institute The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA

Electrical detection schemes using nanoscale devices offer fast and label-free alternatives to biosensing techniques based on chemical and optical interactions. Here we report on the design, fabrication, and operation of oxide-on-graphene ion-sensitive field effect sensor arrays using large-area graphene sheets synthesized by chemical vapor deposition. In this scheme, HfO2 and SiO2 thin films are deposited atop the graphene sheet and play the dual role of the sensing interface, as well as the passivation layer protecting the channel and electrodes underneath from direct contact with the electrolyte. We further demonstrate the functionalization of the SiO2 surface with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane （APTMS）. The oxide-on-graphene sensors operate in solution with high stability and a high average mobility of 5,000 cm2/（V＇s）. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate pH sensing using the bare or the APTMS-functionalized SiO2 as the sensing surface. The measured sensitivities, 46 mV/pH and 43 mV/pH, respectively, agree well with existing studies. We further show that by applying the solution gate voltage in pulse, the hysteresis in the transfer curve of the graphene transducer can be eliminated, greatly improving the ionic potential resolution of the sensor. These experiments demonstrate the potential of oxide-on-graphene ion-sensitive field effect sensors in on-chip, label-free and real-time biosensing applications.

关键词： graphene biosensor pH sensor ISFET APTMS label-free

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Evolutionary lineages and Functional Diversification of Plant Hexokinases

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Molecular Plant 2010年第2期3卷 334-346页

作者： Rucha Karve Michael lauria Annie Virnig Xiaoxia Xia Bradley l. Rauh brandon d. Moore Department of Genetics and Biochemistry Clemson University Clemson SC 29634 USA

Sequencing data from 10 species show that a plant hexokinase （HXK） family contains 5-11 genes. Functionally, a given family can include metabolic catalysts, glucose signaling proteins, and non-catalytic, apparent regulatory enzyme homologs. This study has two goals. The first aim is to develop a predictive method to determine which HXK proteins within a species have which type of function. The second aim is to determine whether HXK-dependent glucose signaling proteins occur among more primitive plants, as well as among angiosperms. Using a molecular phylogeny ap- proach, combined with selective experimental testing, we found that non-catalytic HXK homologs might occur in all plants, including the relatively primitive Selaginella moellendorffi. We also found that different lineages of angiosperm HXKs have apparent conserved features for catalytic activity and for sub-cellular targeting. Most higher-plant HXKs are expressed predominantly at mitochondria, with HXKs of one lineage occurring in the plastid, and HXKs of one monocot lineage occurring in the cytosol. Using protoplast transient expression assays, we found that HXK glucose signaling pro- teins occur likely in all higher plants and in S. moellendorffi as well. Thus, the use of glucose by plant HXK isoforms in metabolism and/or as a regulatory metabolite occurs as widespread, conserved processes.

关键词： Hexokinase molecular phylogeny moonlighting proteins plant glucose signaling Selaginella.

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Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis severity is defined by a failure in compensatory antioxidant capacity in the setting of mitochondrial dysfunction

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第16期24卷 1748-1765页

作者： Michelle l Boland Stephanie Oldham brandon B Boland Sarah Will Jean-Martin lapointe Silvia Guionaud Christopher J Rhodes James l Trevaskis Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases MedImmune LLC Pathology MedImmune Ltd. Pathology Drug Safety and MetabolismIMED Biotech UnitAstraZeneca

AIM To comprehensively evaluate mitochondrial(dys) function in preclinical models of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).METHODS We utilized two readily available mouse models of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFlD) with or without progressive fibrosis: lep^(ob)/lep^(ob)(ob/ob) and FATZO mice on high trans-fat, high fructose and high cholesterol(AMlN) diet. Presence of NASH was assessed using immunohistochemical and pathological techniques, and gene expression profiling. Morphological features of mitochondria were assessed via transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence, and function was assessed by measuring oxidative capacity in primary hepatocytes, and respiratory control and proton leak in isolated mitochondria. Oxidative stress was measured by assessing activity and/or expression levels of Nrf1, Sod1, Sod2, catalase and 8-OHdG. RESUlTS When challenged with AMlN diet for 12 wk, ob/ob and FATZO mice developed steatohepatitis in the presence of obesity and hyperinsulinemia. NASH development was associated with hepatic mitochondrial abnormalities, similar to those previously observed in humans, including mitochondrial accumulation and increased proton leak. AMlN diet also resulted in increased numbers of fragmented mitochondria in both strains of mice. Despite similar mitochondrial phenotypes, we found that ob/ob mice developed more advanced hepatic fibrosis. Activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) was increased in ob/ob AMlN mice, whereas FATZO mice displayed increased catalase activity, irrespective of diet. Furthermore, 8-OHd G, a marker of oxidative DNA damage, was significantly increased in ob/ob AMlN mice compared to FATZO AMlN mice. Therefore, antioxidant capacity reflected as the ratio of catalase:SOD activity was similar between FATZO and C57 Bl6 J control mice, but significantly perturbed in ob/ob mice. CONClUSION Oxidative stress, and/or the capacity to compensate for increased oxidative stress, in the setting of mitochondrial dysfunction, is

关键词： Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Steatosis Fibrosis Mitochondrial function Oxidative stress

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A reproducible and sensitive method for generating high-quality transcriptomes from single whitefly salivary glands and other low-input tissues

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Insect Science 2022年第5期29卷 1318-1328页

作者： Marco Gebiola brandon H.le Kerry EMauck Department of Entomology University of California RiversideRiversideCalifornia Department of Botany and Plant Sciences University of California RiversideRiversideCalifornia Institute of Integrative Genome Biology University of California RiversideRiversideCaliforniaUSA

Transcriptomic studies are an important tool for understanding the molecular pathways underlying host plant use by agricultural pests,including vectors of damaging plant *** far,bulk RNA-Seq has been the main approach for non-model *** method relies on pooling large numbers of whole organisms or hundreds of individually dissected *** latter approach is logistically challenging,may introduce artifacts of handling and storage,and is not compatible with biological ***,we tested an approach to generate transcriptomes of individual salivary glands and other low-input body tissues from whiteflies(Bemisia tabaci MEAM1),which are major vectors of plant *** comparing our outputs to published bulk RNA-Seq datasets for whole whitefly bodies and pools of salivary glands,we demonstrate that this approach recovers similar numbers of transcripts relative to bulk RNA-Seq in a tissue-specific manner,and for some metrics,exceeds performance of bulk tissue *** generated from individual salivary glands also yielded additional novel transcripts not identified in pooled salivary gland datasets,and had hundreds of enriched transcripts when compared with whole head ***,our study demonstrates that it is feasible to produce high quality,replicated transcriptomes of whitefly salivary glands and other low-input *** anticipate that our approach will expand hypothesis-driven research on salivary glands of whiteflies and other Hemiptera,thus enabling novel control strategies to disrupt feeding and virus transmission.

关键词： Aleyrodidae Bemisia tabaci bulk RNA-Seq insect vectors low-input RNA-Seq plant pathogens

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Disruptions in AUXl-Dependent Auxin Influx Alter Hypocotyl Phototropism in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2008年第1期1卷 129-144页

作者： Bethany B. Stonea Emily l. Stowe-Evans Reneé M. Harper R. brandon Celaya Karin ljung Goran Sandbergc Emmanuel liscum Division of Biological Sciences University of Missouri Columbia Missouri 65211 USA Christopher S. Bond life Sciences Center University of Missouri Columbia Missouri 65211 USA Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology Umea Plant Science Center SE-90183 Umea Sweden Current address: Biology Department Bucknell University Lewisburg Pennsylvania 17837 USA.

Phototropism represents a differential growth response by which plant organs can respond adaptively to changes in the direction of incident light to optimize leaf/stem positioning for photosynthetic light capture and root growth orientation for water/nutrient acquisition. Studies over the past few years have identified a number of compo- nents in the signaling pathway（s） leading to development of phototropic curvatures in hypocotyls. These include the pho- totropin photoreceptors （photl and phot2） that perceive directional blue-light （Bl） cues and then stimulate signaling, leading to relocalization of the plant hormone auxin, as well as the auxin response factor NPH4/ARF7 that responds to changes in local auxin concentrations to directly mediate expression of genes likely encoding proteins necessary for development of phototropic curvatures, While null mutations in NPH4/ARF7 condition an aphototropic response to unidirectional Bl, seedlings carrying the same mutations recover Bl-dependent phototropic responsiveness if coirradiated with red light （Rl） or pre-treated with either ethylene. In the present study, we identify second-site enhancer mutations in the nph4 background that abrogate these recovery responses. One of these mutations-mapl （modifier of arf7 phenotypes 1）-was found to represent a missense allele of AUX1-a gene encoding a high-affinity auxin influx carrier previously associated with a number of root responses. Pharmocological studies and analyses of additional auxl mutants confirmed that AUX1 functions as a modulator of hypocotyl phototropism. Moreover, we have found that the strength of dependence of hypocotyl phototropism on AUX1-mediated auxin influx is directly related to the auxin responsiveness of the seedling in question.

关键词： AUX1-Dependent Auxin NPH4/ARF7

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