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Impact of extended-infusion piperacillin-tazobactam in a Canadian community hospital

Infectious Medicine 2023年第1期2卷 31-35页

作者： April j.Chan Gerald Lebovic Michael Wan Yan Chen Elizabeth Leung bradley j.langford jenny Seah Linda R.Taggart Mark Downing Department of Pharmacy Unity Health TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada University of Toronto TorontoOntarioCanada Division of Infectious Diseases Unity Health TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada Public Health Ontario TorontoOntarioCanada Hotel Dieu Shaver Health and Rehabilitation Centre St.CatharinesOntarioCanada

Background:Studies have demonstrated improved clinical outcomes with extended infusion(EI)piperacillin/tazobactam(TZP)compared to standard infusion(SI).However,there is less evidence on its benefits in noncritically-ill ***-wide EI TZP was implemented at our site on February 21,*** objectives were to compare clinical,safety and economic outcomes between EI and SI ***:A retrospective cohort study of all adult patients who received EI TZP(3.375 g IV q8h infused over 4 hours and SI TZP for≥48 hours during 3 years pre-and postimplementation was *** primary study outcome was 14-day mortality while secondary outcomes included length of hospital stay(LOS),nursing plus pharmacy cost,occurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection,readmission within 30 days and change in Pseudomonas aeruginosa minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)distribution for *** primary outcome and binary secondary outcomes were analyzed using a logistic regression *** was examined using time to event *** was examined using linear regression ***:Overall,2034 patients received EI TZP and 1364 patients received SI *** TZP was associated with lower odds of mortality(OR 0.76,95%CI 0.63-0.91),lower odds of *** infection(OR 0.59,95%CI 0.41-0.84)and 8%lower cost(estimate 0.92,95%CI 0.87-0.98)compared to SI ***:Hospital-wide implementation of EI TZP was associated with lower odds of 14-day mortality and incidence of *** infection with cost savings at our institution.

关键词： Antimicrobial stewardship Piperacillin/tazobactam Extended-infusion

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Recent Developments in Metallic Degradable Micromotors for Biomedical and Environmental Remediation Applications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 1-35页

作者： Sourav Dutta Seungmin Noh Roger Sanchis Gual Xiangzhong Chen Salvador Pané bradley j.Nelson Hongsoo Choi Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)Daegu 42988Republic of Korea DGIST‑ETH Microrobotics Research Center DGISTDaegu 42988Republic of Korea Multi‑Scale Robotics Lab Institute of Robotics and Intelligent SystemsETH Zurich8092 ZurichSwitzerland Institute of Optoelectronics State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and TechnologyShanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and PerceptionFudan UniversityShanghai 200433People’s Republic of China

Synthetic micromotor has gained substantial attention in biomedicine and environmental ***-based degradable micromotor composed of magnesium(Mg),zinc(Zn),and iron(Fe)have promise due to their nontoxic fuel-free propulsion,favorable biocompatibility,and safe excretion of degradation products Recent advances in degradable metallic micromotor have shown their fast movement in complex biological media,efficient cargo delivery and favorable biocompatibility.A noteworthy number of degradable metal-based micromotors employ bubble propulsion,utilizing water as fuel to generate hydrogen *** novel feature has projected degradable metallic micromotors for active in vivo drug delivery *** addition,understanding the degradation mechanism of these micromotors is also a key parameter for their design and *** propulsion efficiency and life span govern the overall performance of a degradable metallic *** we review the design and recent advancements of metallic degradable ***,we describe the controlled degradation,efficient in vivo drug delivery,and built-in acid neutralization capabilities of degradable micromotors with versatile biomedical ***,we discuss micromotors’efficacy in detecting and destroying environmental ***,we address the limitations and future research directions of degradable metallic micromotors.

关键词： Magnesium Zinc Iron Biodegradable microrobot Biomedical Environmental

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Long-term olfactory loss post-COVID-19:Pathobiology and potential therapeutic strategies

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World journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 148-155页

作者： Sarah Kim john B.Finlay Tiffany Ko bradley j.Goldstein Department of Head and Neck Surgery&Communication Sciences Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Medical Scientist Training Program Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Neurobiology Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA

An acute loss of smell emerged as a striking symptom present in roughly half of the people infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)virus in the early phases of the COVID-19 *** most COVID-19 patients,olfaction recovers over the course of a few ***,a lasting partial or complete loss of smell,often associated with distorted olfactory perceptions termed parosmia,has emerged as a widespread problem impacting at least 5%-10%of those who experience anosmia due to *** inability to offer effective therapies to this hyposmic or anosmic population,comprising millions of patients,highlights an enormous unmet need for the medical ***,we summarize the current understanding of the pathobiology causing acute olfactory loss due to SARS-CoV-2 infection,focusing on how the virus interacts with the peripheral olfactory system,a major site of viral *** also explore the problem of long-COVID olfactory dysfunction,which may accompany other persistent systemic disorders collectively termed postacute sequelae of ***,we discuss an emerging model focused on unresolved immune cell activity driving ongoing ***,we review current and future therapeutic approaches aimed at restoring olfactory function.

关键词： hyposmia inflammation long-COVID parosmia

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Surgeon preferences in the treatment of thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis

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World journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 435-443页

作者： Edward j Wu bradley W Fossum Wyatt Vander Voort Christopher O Bayne Robert M Szabo Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMN 55455United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery UC Davis School of MedicineSacramentoCA 95817United States

BACKGROUND Primary thumb carpometacarpal(CMC)osteoarthritis is one of the most common conditions encountered by hand *** the vast number of operations that have been proposed,none have demonstrated results significantly superior to trapeziectomy *** The purpose of our study was to determine why surgeons opt for their technique in treating CMC *** A cross-sectional survey of active members of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand was conducted to evaluate the reasons behind their preferred technique in the treatment of isolated thumb CMC *** were contacted by email once and provided with a link to a de-identified survey consisting of 5 treatment questions and 5 demographic *** Of 950 responses were received.40.5%of surgeons preferred trapeziectomy+ligament reconstruction tendon interposition(LRTI),followed by trapeziectomy+suspensionplasty(28.2%),suture button suspension(5.9%),trapeziectomy alone(4.6%),prosthetic arthroplasty(3.2%),arthrodesis(1.1%),and other(6.6%).Proponents of trapeziectomy+LRTI cited familiarity(73.2%),exposure during fellowship(48.8%)and less proximal migration(60%)to be the main reasons affecting their *** who preferred trapeziectomy+suspensionplasty most reported simplicity(74.9%),fewer complications(45.3%),less proximal migration(43.8%),and avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(42.7%).Advocates of suture button suspension cited avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(80.4%),shorter immobilization(76.8%),and quicker recovery(73.2%)with their *** of trapeziectomy alone cited simplicity(97.7%),fewer complications(86.4%),and avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(59.1%).In their comments,45%of surgeons choosing trapeziectomy alone cited evidence as an additional *** of prosthetic arthroplasty cited improved pinch strength(83.3%)and improved range of motion(63.3%),while those preferring arthrodesis cited better pinch strength(90%)and freque

关键词： Thumb carpometacarpal Osteoarthritis Trapeziectomy Ligament reconstruction tendon interposition Suspensionplasty Preferences Trends

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Minimally invasive surgery for rectal cancer: Are we there yet?

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第7期17卷 862-866页

作者： bradley j Champagne Rohit Makhija Division of Colorectal Surgery University Hospitals Case Medical Center Cleveland OH 44106United States Laparoscopic Colorectal Fellow University Hospitals Case Medical Center Cleveland OH 44106 United States

Laparoscopic colon surgery for select cancers is slowly evolving as the standard of care but minimally invasive approaches for rectal cancer have been viewed with significant skepticism. This procedure has been performed by select surgeons at specialized centers and concerns over local recurrence, sexual dysfunction and appropriate training measures have further hindered widespread acceptance. Data for laparoscopic rectal resection now supports its continued implementation and widespread usage by expeienced surgeons for select patients. The current controversies regarding technical approaches have created ambiguity amongst opinion leaders and are also addressed in this review.

关键词：直肠癌手术性功能障碍培训措施腹腔镜切除术医生结肠

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COVID-19 Mortality and Vaccine Coverage——Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China,january 6,2022-March 21,2022

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China CDC weekly 2022年第14期4卷 288-292页

作者： Dallas j.Smith Avi j.Hakim Gabriel M.Leung Wenbo Xu WWilliam Schluter Ryan T.Novak Barbara Marston bradley S.Hersh CDC COVID-19 Response International Task Force Atlanta Epidemic Intelligence Service CDC Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina CDC China BeijingChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?COVID-19 vaccines are important tools to protect populations from severe disease and *** is added by this report?Among persons aged≥60 years in Hong Kong,49%,had received≥2 doses of a COVID-19 vaccine,and vaccination coverage declined with *** january-March 2022,reported COVID-19-associated deaths rose rapidly in Hong *** these deaths,96%occurred in persons aged≥60 years;within this age group,the risk for death was 20 times lower among those who were fully vaccinated compared with those who were unvaccinated.

关键词： doses COV deaths

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Helicobacter pylori arginase mutant colonizes arginase Ⅱ knockout mice

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世界胃肠病学杂志：英文版 2011年第28期17卷 3300-3309页

作者： Songhee H Kim Melanie L langford jean-Luc Boucher Traci L Testerman David j McGee Department of Microbiology and Immunology Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport University of Nebraska-Lincoln School of Biological SciencesLincoln Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques Université Paris Descartes

AIM: To investigate the role of host and bacterial arginases in the colonization of mice by Helicobacter pylori (***).METHODS: *** produces a very powerful urease that hydrolyzes urea to carbon dioxide and ammonium,which neutralizes *** is absolutely essential to *** pathogenesis;therefore,the urea substrate must be in ample supply for urease to work *** urea substrate is most likely provided by arginase activity,which hydrolyzes L-arginine to L-ornithine and *** work has demonstrated that *** arginase is surprisingly not required for colonization of wild-type ***,another in vivo source of the critical urea substrate must *** hypothesized that the urea source was provided by host arginase Ⅱ,since this enzyme is expressed in the stomach,and *** has previously been shown to induce the expression of murine gastric arginase Ⅱ.To test this hypothesis,wild-type and arginase (rocF) mutant *** strain SS1 were inoculated into arginase Ⅱ knockout ***: Surprisingly,both the wild-type and rocF mutant bacteria still colonized arginase Ⅱ knockout ***,feeding arginase Ⅱ knockout mice the host arginase inhibitor S-(2-boronoethyl)L-cysteine (BEC),while inhibiting > 50% of the host arginase Ⅰ?activity in several tissues,did not block the ability of the rocF mutant *** to *** contrast,BEC poorly inhibited *** arginase ***: The in vivo source for the essential urea utilized by *** urease is neither bacterial arginase nor host arginase Ⅱ;instead,either residual host arginase Ⅰ?or agmatinase is probably responsible.

关键词：幽门螺杆菌精氨酸酶基因敲除小鼠突变寄生尿素酶野生型

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Magnetic Helical Micro-and Nanorobots:Toward Their Biomedical Applications

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Engineering 2015年第1期1卷 21-26页

作者： Famin Qiu bradley j.Nelson Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems(IRIS) ETH Zurich

Magnetic helical micro- and nanorobots can perfo rm 3D navigation in various liquids with a sub-micrometer precision under low-strength rotating magnetic fields(< 10 m T). Since magnetic fields with low strengths are harmless to cells and tissues, magnetic helical micro/nanorobots are promising tools for biomedical applications, such as minimally invasive surgery, cell manipulation and analysis, and targeted therapy. This review provides general information on magnetic helical micro/nanorobots, including their fabrication, motion control, and further functionalization for biomedical applications.

关键词：生物医学应用纳米机器人螺旋细胞操作微创手术运动控制低强度亚微米

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Revisiting support optimization at the Driskos tunnel usinga quantitative risk approach

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2016年第2期8卷 147-163页

作者： j.Connor langford N.Vlachopoulos M.S.Diederichs Hatch Mott MacDonald British ColumbiaCanada Royal Military College of Canada OntarioCanada Queen’s University OntarioCanada

With the scale and cost of geotechnical engineering projects increasing rapidly over the past few decades,there is a clear need for the careful consideration of calculated risks in *** risk is typically dealt with subjectively through the use of conservative design parameters,with the advent of reliability-based methods,this no longer needs to be the ***,a quantitative risk approach can be considered that incorporates uncertainty in ground conditions directly into the design process to determine the variable ground response and support *** allows for the optimization of support on the basis of both worker safety and economic *** paper presents the application of such an approach to review the design of the initial lining system along a section of the Driskos twin tunnels as part of the Egnatia Odos highway in northern *** this section of tunnel,weak rock masses were encountered as well as high in situ stress conditions,which led to excessive deformations and failure of the as built temporary *** data were used to validate the rock mass parameters selected in this area and a risk approach was used to determine,in hindsight,the most appropriate support category with respect to the cost of installation and expected cost of *** construction sequences were also considered in the context of both convenience and risk cost.

关键词： Driskos tunnel Quantitative risk analysis Rock mass characterization Underground suppor Reliability-based design Flysch

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Effect of Strain Path Reversal on Austenite Grain Subdivision and Deformation Induced Ferrite Transformation Studied by Hot Torsion

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journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2011年第S1期18卷 233-237页

作者： Muszka Krzysztof Wynne bradley P Palmiere Eric j Institute for Microstructural and Mechanical Process Engineering The University of SheffieldMappin StreetSheffield S1 3JDUK

The effects of large strain and strain path reversal on the deformation microstructure evolution in austenite below the recrystallisation temperature were studied by hot torsion using a non-transforming Fe-30wt%Ni model austenitic *** show that the high angle boundaries (HABs) can be generated by both microstructure mechanism through dislocation accumulation and texture mechanism via subgrain ***,multiple strain path reversals lead to less well-developed HABs in the original grains compared to single reversal deformed to the same amount of total accumulative *** effect is attributed to the subgrain rotation mechanism being less effective at small *** comparison,the same hot torsion tests were conducted using a microalloyed steel at a temperature between Ae 3 and Ar *** single strain path reversal,substantial deformation-induced austenite-to-ferrite phase transformation was ***,a test with multiple strain path reversals but with the same total strain produces much lower levels of strain-induced ferrite *** difference is correlated to the observations made in the Fe-30wt%Ni model *** is believed that the different amount of strain-induced ferrite originated from the different levels of strain-induced HABs within the austenite which act as ferrite nucleation sites.

关键词： strain induced transformation ultra fine ferrite dislocation boundaries EBSD

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