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Direct Ni Electroless Metallization of Poly(etherimide) without Using Palladium as a Catalyst

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5B期25卷 1106-1111页

作者： Marlène Charbonnier Maurice Romand yves Goepfert Laboratoire de Sciences et Ingenierie des Surfaces Universite Claude Bernard - Lyon 1 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex FranceLaboratoire de Sciences et Ingenierie des Surfaces Universite Claude Bernard - Lyon 1 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex FranceUMR 5180 des Sciences Analytiques Universite Claude Bernard - Lyon 1 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex France

Nickel or copper electroless metallization of polymers needs the grafting of a catalyst (palladium in the Pd(0) oxidation state) on the substrate surface to be coated. Our previous works on this topic [1-5] have allowed to develop a simple, tin-free method to attach Pd(+2) species from a palladium chloride (PdCl2) solution on any insulating surface and subsequently to reduce them, in the wet way, into the Pd(0) oxidation state. This Pd(0) state of the catalyst allows an instantaneous initiation of the Ni or Cu deposit by immersion in a plating bath. As palladium is an expensive chemical, it appears interesting to replace it by Ni(0) or Cu(0) species which are catalysts of their own ion reduction. Concerning the direct Ni electroless plating, the polymer surface (PI) was made catalytic for the electroless process by deposition (spin- coating or dipping) of an ultra-thin film of an organic nickel salt in an alcoholic solution. The chemical reduction of this salt, checked by XPS, was performed by chemical or photochemical ways and by plasma. Under these conditions, the initiation, by autocatalysis, of the Ni film deposition in an industrial plating bath was immediate i.e. without any initiation time. The film obtained was homogeneous, dense, bright, well-adhering up to thicknesses reaching

关键词：镍非电金属喷镀等离子处理 XPS 聚酰亚胺

Evaluation of the use of surrogate Laminaria digitata in eco-hydraulic laboratory experiments

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2014年第3期26卷 374-383页

作者： PAUL Maike HENRY Pierre-yves T. Forschungszentrum Küste Leibniz Universit?t Hannover Department of Marine Technology Norwegian University of Science and Technology

Inert surrogates can avoid husbandry and adaptation problems of live vegetation in laboratories. Surrogates are generally used for experiments on vegetation-hydrodynamics interactions, but it is unclear how well they replicate field conditions. Here, surrogates for the brown macroalgae Laminaria digitata were developed to reproduce its hydraulic roughness. Plant shape, stiffness and buoyancy of L. digitata were evaluated and compared to the properties of inert materials. Different surrogate materials and shapes were exposed to unidirectional flow. It is concluded that buoyancy is an important factor in low flow conditions and a basic shape might be sufficient to model complex shaped plants resulting in the same streamlined shape.

关键词： bending modulus buoyancy hydraulic forcing Laminaria digitata plant surrogate

Individualized treatment of gastric cancer:Impact of molecular biology and pathohistological features

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2015年第11期7卷 292-302页

作者： yves Dittmar Utz Settmacher Department of General Visceral and Vascular SurgeryUniversity Hospital Jena

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies *** overall prognosis remains poor over the last decades even though improvements in surgical outcomes have been achieved.A better understanding of the molecular biology of gastric cancer and detection of eligible molecular targets might be of central interest to further improve clinical *** this intention,first steps have been made in the research of growth factor *** morphogens,cell cycle and nuclear factor-κB signaling,a remarkable count of target-specific agents have been developed,nevertheless the transfer into the field of clinical routine is still at the *** potential utility of epigenetic targets and the further evaluation of micro RNA signaling seem to have potential for the development of novel treatment strategies in the future.

关键词： Gastric cancer Molecular biology Targeted therapy

Biomass:Renewable carbon resource for chemical and energy industry

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The Innovation 2022年第1期3卷 19-21页

作者： yves Queneau Buxing Han Institut de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires Universitéde LyonCNRSUCBLINSA LyonCPE LyonICBMSUMR 524669622 VilleurbanneFrance Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of ColloidInterface and Chemical ThermodynamicsCAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Chemistry is indispensable for the elaboration of all products used in everyday life,such as manufactured goods,materials,fuels and devices for energy,construction,transportation,foods,pharmaceutical products,personal care products,and devices for *** the broadness of this sector and its necessary growth for ensuring development and technical progress to an increasing world population,the time has come for a new chemical era in which the environmental impact of chemical products,in terms of hazards,life cycle,carbon footprint,and sustainability of resources,is *** of biomass to produce chemicals,energy products,and materials is an important route toward sustainable *** perspective gives a brief overview of the use of biomass as a renewable resource,analyzing its evolution over the years in terms of motives and societal issues,highlighting the seminal contributions,and stressing how the remaining challenges will require contributions from all facets of the chemical sciences.

关键词： everyday Biomass resource

Abrogation of Chk1-mediated S/G2 checkpoint by UCN-01 enhances ara-C-induced cytotoxicity in human colon cancer cells

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第6期 54-60页

作者： yves POMMIER Laboratory of MolecularPharmacology MD 20892 NCI/NIH USA

AIM: To investigate whether 7-hydroxystaurosporine (UCN-01) affects cell cycle progression in arabinosylcytosine (ara-C) treatedhuman coloncarcinoma HT-29cells. METHODS:Cytotoxicity, DNA synthesis, cell cycle distribution, protein level, and kinase activity were determined by clonogenic assay, flow cytometry, DNA synthesis assay, immunoblotting, and kinase assays, respectively. RESULTS: UCN-01 abrogated an S/G2-phase checkpoint in HT- 29 cells treated with ara-C. When UCN-01 was added after treatment with ara-C, the rate of recovery of DNA synthesis was enhanced and colony-forming ability diminished. Thus, premature recovery of DNA synthesis was associated with increased cytotoxicity. Measurements of cyclin A and B protein levels, Cdk2 and Cdc2 kinase activities, Cdc25C phosphorylation, and Chk1 kinase activity were consistent with UCN-01-induced abrogation of the S/G2-phase checkpoint in ara-C treated cells. CONCLUSION: The abrogation of the S/G2 checkpoint may be due to inhibition of Chk1 kinase by UCN-01. The enhanced cytotoxicity produced when UCN-01 was combined with ara-C suggested a rationale for the use of this drug combination for tumors that might be susceptible to cell cycle checkpoint abrogation.

关键词： hydroxystaurosporine chk1 protein kinase DNA repair cell cycle

A Double-Phase High-Frequency Traveling Magnetic Field Developed for Contactless Stirring of Low-Conducting Liquid Materials

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第5期127卷 469-486页

作者： Xiaodong Wang Ernst Roland Fautrelle yves College of Material Science and Opto-Electronic Technology University of the Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijingChina Guangwei(Zhongshan)Intelligent Technology Co. Ltd.Huairou Science CityBeijingChina SIMAP/EPM Universite Grenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance

The use of low electrically conducting liquids is more and more *** is the case for molten glass,salt or slag processing,ionic liquids used in biotechnology,batteries in energy storage and *** present paper deals with the design of a new electromagnetic induction device that can heat and stir low electricallyconducting *** consists of a resistance-capacity-inductance circuit coupled with a low-conducting liquid *** device is supplied by a unique electric power source delivering a single-phase high frequency electric *** main working principle of the circuit is based on a double oscillating circuit inductor connected to the solid-state transistor *** technique,which yields a set of coupled oscillating circuits,consists of coupling a forced phase and an induced phase,neglecting the influence of the electric parameters of the loading part(i.e.,the low-conductivity liquid).It is shown that such an inductor is capable to provide a two-phase AC traveling magnetic field at high *** better understand the working principle,the present work improves a previous existing simplified theory by taking into account a complex electrical equivalent diagram due to the different mutual couplings between the two inductors and the two corresponding induced current sets.A more detailed theoretical model is provided,and the key and sensitive elements are *** on this theory,equipment is designed to provide a stirring effect on sodium chloride-salted water at 40 S/*** is shown that such a device fed by several hundred kiloHertz electric currents is able to mimic a linear motor.A set of optimized operating parameters are proposed to guide the experiment.A pure electromagnetic numerical model is *** modelling of the load is performed in order to assess the efficiency of the stirrer with a salt water *** a device can generate a significant liquid motion with both controlled flow patterns and adjus

关键词： Alternating magnetic field electromagnetic stirring low electrically conducting liquids ionic liquid

Concept and application of ideal protein for pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第3期6卷 269-279页

作者： Jaap van Milgen Jean-yves Dourmad INRA Agrocampus Ouest

Knowledge about the amino acid requirements and the response of pigs to the amino acid supply is essential in feed formulation. A deficient AA supply results in a reduction in performance while an oversupply is costly and leads to excessive nitrogen excretion with a potentially negative environmental impact. Amino acid requirements are determined to a large extent by the protein deposition in the body and, for lactating sows, by the protein exported in the milk. The concept of ideal protein was developed more than 50 years ago and refers to a protein with an amino acid profile that exactly meets the animal＇s requirement so that all amino acids are equally limiting for performance. Because Lys typically is the first-limiting amino acid, the ideal amino acid profile is often expressed relative to Lys. Although the ideal protein profile is often assumed to be constant for a given production stage, （small） changes in the ideal protein profile can occur within a production stage. This can be caused by changes in the relative contribution of the different components of amino acid requirements during the productive life on the animal （e.g. changes in the relative contribution of growth and maintenance）. Amino acids requirements can be determined experimentally using dose-response studies. The design of the study, the chosen response criterion, and the statistical model affect the requirement estimate. Although considerable experimental work has been carried out to determine the requirements for Lys, Met, Thr, and Trp in growing pigs （and to a lesser extent in sows）, little is known about the requirements for the other essential amino acids. Experimental dose-response studies generally focus on the requirement and less on the overall response （i.e. what are the consequences of an amino acid deficiency？）. This latter aspect is, to some extent, accounted for in modelling approaches that quantify the response of the animal to the amino acid supply in a dynamic way. The paper d

关键词： Amino acids Gestation Growth Ideal protein Lactation Modeling Pigs

Transient Ablation Regime in Circuit Breakers

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Plasma Science and Technology 2007年第6期9卷 653-656页

作者： Alexandre MARTIN Jean-yves TREPANIER Marcelo REGGIO Ecole Polytechnique MontrealQuebecCanada

Nozzle wall ablation caused by high temperature electric arcs is studied in the context of high voltage SF6 circuit breakers. The simplified ablation model used in litterature has been updated to take into account the unsteady state of ablation. Ablation rate and velocity are now calculated by a kinetic model using two layers of transition, between the bulk plasma and the ablating wall. The first layer （Knudsen layer）, right by the wall, is a kinetic layer of a few mean-free path of thickness. The second layer is collision dominated and makes the transition between the kinetic layer and the plasma bulk. With this new coupled algorithm, it is now possible to calculate the temperature distribution inside the wall, as well as more accurate ablation rates.

关键词： circuit breakers electric arc ablation Teflon radiation

Genetic Programming-based Self-reconfiguration Planning for Metamorphic Robot

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2018年第4期15卷 431-442页

作者： Tarek Ababsa Noureddine Djedi yves Duthen LESIA Laboratory University of BiskraPO Box 145 RPBiskra 07000Algerla IRIT Laboratory University of Toulouse 1 Capitole21 Alles de BrinneToulouse 31032France

This paper presents a genetic programming based reconfiguration planner for metamorphic modular robots. Initially used for evolving computer programs that can solve simple problems, genetic programming （GP） has been recently used to handle various kinds of problems in the area of complex systems. This paper details how genetic programming can be used as an automatic programming tool for handling reconfiguration-planning problem. To do so, the GP evolves sequences of basic operations which are required for transforming the robot＇s geometric structure from its initial configuration into the target one while the total number of modules and their connectedness are preserved. The proposed planner is intended for both Crystalline and TeleCube modules which are achieved by cubical compressible units. The target pattern of the modular robot is expressed in quantitative terms of morphogens diffused on the environment. Our work presents a solution for self recontlguration problem with restricted and unrestricted free space available to the robot during reconfiguration, The planner outputs a near optimal explicit sequence of low-level actions that allows modules to move relative to each other in order to form the desired shape.

关键词： Modular robots unit-compressible modules self-reconfiguration genetic programming reconfiguration planning.