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国外碳税机制进展及降碳作用对中国的启示

油气与新能源 2024年第4期36卷 12-18页

作者：张晓舟孙洋洲李博抒周彦希郭姝君中国海油集团能源经济研究院北京100101

碳税作为降低温室气体排放的有效经济政策手段,在全球多个国家推进实施并取得较好减排效果。中国目前尚未开征碳税,但面对日渐凸显的气候变化问题,为实现“双碳”目标做好政策能力储备十分必要。通过研究分析国际上一些发达国家的碳税... 详细信息

碳税作为降低温室气体排放的有效经济政策手段,在全球多个国家推进实施并取得较好减排效果。中国目前尚未开征碳税,但面对日渐凸显的气候变化问题,为实现“双碳”目标做好政策能力储备十分必要。通过研究分析国际上一些发达国家的碳税实践经验,系统总结国外碳税政策适用范围、税制设计、计税依据、征税环节、税收的归属与使用、税率与税收优惠,并针对北欧四国,进一步分析长周期内碳税政策对经济及其社会降碳效果的影响。综合国际碳税实践经验,针对国内具体情况,提出中国碳税机制的方案设计及建议,为后续碳税的引入、具体政策的制定提供借鉴和参考。

关键词：碳税碳减排碳定价机制国际经验启示

Efficient CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing in sheepgrass(Leymus chinensis)

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第11期65卷 2416-2420页

作者： Zhelong lin Lei Chen Shanjie Tang Mengjie Zhao Tong li Jia You Changqing You boshu li Qinghua Zhao Dongmei Zhang Jianli Wang Zhongbao Shen Xianwei Song Shuaibin Zhang Xiaofeng Cao State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyThe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Forage and Grassland Sciences Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin 150086China State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Center for Genome EditingInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyThe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

The lack of genome editing platforms has hampered efforts to study and improve forage crops that can be grown on lands not suited to other ***,we established efficient Agrobacterium-mediated clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9(Cas9)genome editing in a perennial,stress-tolerant forage grass,sheepgrass(Leymus chinensis).By screening for active single-guide RNAs(sg RNAs),accessions that regenerate well,suitable Agrobacterium strains,and optimal culture media,and co-expressing the morphogenic factor Ta WOX5,we achieved 11%transformation and 5.83%editing efficiency in *** out Teosinte Branched1(TB1)significantly increased tiller number and *** study opens avenues for studying gene function and breeding in sheepgrass.

关键词： Agrobacterium genetic transformation genome editing Lc TB1 sheepgrass

Quality assessment in competition-based software crowdsourcing

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2020年第6期14卷 17-30页

作者： Zhenghui HU Wenjun WU Jie LUO Xin WANG boshu li State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Quality assessment is a critical component incrowdsourcing-based software engineering(CBSE)as soft-ware products arc developed by the crowd with unknownor varied skills and *** this *** proposea novel metric called the project score to measure the perfor-mance of projects and the quality of products for compctition-based software crowdsourcing devclopment(CBSCD)*** the best of our knowledge,this is the first work to deal with the quality issue of CBSE in the perspective ofprojccts instead of *** particular,we develop a hi-crarchical quality evaluation framework for CBSCD projects and come up with two metric aggregatibn modcls for *** first model is a modified squale model that canlocate the sofiware modules of poor quality,and the secondone is a clustering-based aggregation model,which takes dif-ferent impacts of phases into *** test the effective-ness of the proposed *** conduct an empirical studyon TopCoder,which is a famous CBSCD *** that the proposed project score is a strong indicator ofthe performance and product quality of CBSCD *** find that the clustering-based aggregation model outpcr-forms the Squale one by increasing the percentage of the per-formance evaluation criterion of aggregation models by anadditional 29%.Our approach to quality assessment for CB-sCD projects could potentially facilitate software managersto assess the overall quality of a crowdsourced project con-sisting of programming contests.

关键词： crowdsourcing software engineering.productquality.competition evaluation framework metric aggregation

Anthocyanin-assisted Agrobacterium infiltration for the rapid evaluation of genome editing efficiencies across multiple plant species

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National Science Open 2023年第5期2卷 11-24页

作者： Sinian Xing Yu Sun boshu li Hongchao li Kevin T.Zhao Kunling Chen Caixia Gao State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Center for Genome EditingInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovation Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

CRISPR-based genome editing technologies continue to drive major advances in life sciences.A major challenge for realizing widespread use of genome editing in plants and agriculture is establishing methods that enable the rapid,comprehensive,and precise evaluation of editing technologies using transient *** we report a new and rapid genome editing evaluation method using Agrobacterium infiltration techniques to enable broad-spectrum,simplistic,and precise assessments of genome editing *** employed an anthocyanin marker to facilitate visual screenings of genome-edited cells for use in adult strawberry fruits as well as tomato fruits,cotton leaves,and sugar beet *** this method,we demonstrate the ability to quickly measure genome editing efficiencies mediated by SpCas9,LbCas12a,A3A-PBE,ABE8e,and *** new method will allow researchers to rapidly and easily evaluate genome editing tools across a broad spectrum of plant species,further expediting the development of genome-edited agricultural crops.

关键词： genome editing Agrobacterium infiltration anthocyanin transient transformation geminivirus replicon strawberry tomato

Highly efficient heritable genome editing in wheat using an RNA virus and bypassing tissue culture.

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Molecular Plant 2021年第11期14卷 1787-1798页

作者： Tingdong li Jiacheng Hu Yu Sun boshu li Dingliang Zhang Wenli li Jinxing liu Dawei li Caixia Gao Yongliang Zhang Yanpeng Wang State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Center for Genome EditingInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyThe Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Genome editing provides novel strategies for improving plant traits,but relies on current genetic transformation and plant regeneration procedures,which can be *** have engineered a barley stripe mosaic virus(BSMV)-based sgRNA delivery vector(BSMV-sg)that is effective in performing heritable genome editing in Cas9-transgenic wheat *** progenies were present in the next generation at frequencies ranging from 12.9%to 100%in three different wheat varieties,and 53.8%to 100%of mutants were *** also achieved multiplex mutagenesis in progeny using a pool of BSMV-sg vectors harboring different ***,we devised a virus-induced transgene-free editing procedure(VITF-Edit)to generate Cas9-free wheat mutants by crossing BSMV-infected Cas9-transgenic wheat pollen with wild-type *** study provides a robust,convenient and tissue culture-free approach for genome editing in wheat through virus infection.

关键词： heritable genome editing BSMV common wheat tissue culture-free multiplex editing

基于中国式现代化视角的新型能源体系建设研究

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油气储运 2023年第9期42卷 961-967页

作者：王震李博抒梁栋中国海油集团能源经济研究院

在中国式现代化建设新阶段,加快规划建设新型能源体系成为经济社会高质量发展的关键环节。从全球能源格局、气候治理演进、中国“双碳”目标的底层逻辑等维度论述了新型能源体系建设的必要性和变革性意义。通过系统回顾中国能源体系发... 详细信息

在中国式现代化建设新阶段,加快规划建设新型能源体系成为经济社会高质量发展的关键环节。从全球能源格局、气候治理演进、中国“双碳”目标的底层逻辑等维度论述了新型能源体系建设的必要性和变革性意义。通过系统回顾中国能源体系发展脉络,探讨新型能源体系构建的内涵逻辑。基于中国能源产业发展的基本国情,明确了加快规划建设新型能源体系从转型攻坚、加速成型到完善巩固“三步走”的阶段特征及实现路径,并由此展望社会主义现代化强国的能源转型图景。

关键词：中国式现代化新型能源体系碳中和能源转型能源安全

分段直波纹钢板等效刚度和弯曲行为的变分渐近分析

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建筑结构学报 2020年第7期41卷 164-172页

作者：罗丹钟轶峰李帛书邓兵重庆大学土木工程学院重庆400045 山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室(重庆大学) 重庆400045

波纹钢板是工程中常使用的结构组件,分段直波纹板相较连续波纹板需在不连续点处引入新约束,增加了计算的复杂性。为此,基于变分渐近法推导了分段直波纹板的等效板模型。根据薄壳理论,利用单个波纹周期相对宏观变形特征长度很小的特点对... 详细信息

波纹钢板是工程中常使用的结构组件,分段直波纹板相较连续波纹板需在不连续点处引入新约束,增加了计算的复杂性。为此,基于变分渐近法推导了分段直波纹板的等效板模型。根据薄壳理论,利用单个波纹周期相对宏观变形特征长度很小的特点对应变能泛函进行渐近分析得到场变量的渐近展开,将其代入壳理论的控制微分方程中,通过求解系列对应于不同阶的微分方程组,得到与波纹结构之间的关系(完整的等效刚度)。通过梯形波纹钢板算例分析表明:构建模型可准确计算完整的等效刚度、不同几何参数下的全局位移和局部应力场;波纹钢板沿波纹方向和垂直波纹方向的拉伸刚度,与垂直波纹方向的弯曲刚度存在很大的差异(后者通常大于前者2~3个数量级),主要原因是垂直波纹方向的弯矩主要由沿板厚度分布的膜应力平衡,而沿波纹方向的拉伸位移主要是由波纹结构的弯曲而不是平面拉伸引起的;构建模型重构的应力分布与三维模型计算结果吻合较好,仅在板中点最大应力处由于等效关系存在一定偏差。

关键词：分段直波纹板变分渐近法等效板模型等效刚度重构关系

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夹芯梁结构有效性能的多尺度变分渐近模型

复合材料学报 2019年第4期36卷 1029-1035页

作者：罗丹钟轶峰李帛书李奕豪重庆大学土木工程学院重庆400045 山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室(重庆大学) 重庆400045

为有效分析夹芯梁结构性能,基于变分渐近法建立多尺度变分渐近模型。首先基于旋转张量分解概念建立三维夹芯梁几何非线性的能量方程;利用梁结构细长和非均质较小的特征,将三维夹芯梁结构各向异性、非均质问题严格分解为宏观层面的梁轴... 详细信息

为有效分析夹芯梁结构性能,基于变分渐近法建立多尺度变分渐近模型。首先基于旋转张量分解概念建立三维夹芯梁几何非线性的能量方程;利用梁结构细长和非均质较小的特征,将三维夹芯梁结构各向异性、非均质问题严格分解为宏观层面的梁轴线的一维非线性分析和细观层面的单胞本构分析。基于最小势能原理,通过对单胞应变能泛函变分主导项最小化得到有效属性和波动函数解,代入梁的一维模型进行全局非线性响应分析。利用得到的全局响应、波动函数解重构局部场。由于变分特性,构建多尺度模型可以很容易通过有限元数值实现。通过三类夹芯梁结构算例表明:构建模型得到的全局位移和局部应力场与三维有限元具有很好的一致性,但计算成本和建模工作量明显减少,为结构设计人员在初始设计阶段对夹芯梁结构性能评估提供了一种简洁的途径。

关键词：夹芯梁几何非线性本构关系变分渐近法模型

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儿童利他行为发展的实验研究

心理科学通讯 1989年第5期12卷 8-13,64-65页

作者：李丹李伯黍上海师范大学

200名幼儿园中班、大班和小学一、三、五年级被试每班40名,各均分成分物和选物两个对照组,在假设和实际两种情境中测查他们的利他观念和行为的一致性的发展情况。结果表明,儿童的利他选择以及他们的利他观念与行为之间的一致性均随年龄... 详细信息

200名幼儿园中班、大班和小学一、三、五年级被试每班40名,各均分成分物和选物两个对照组,在假设和实际两种情境中测查他们的利他观念和行为的一致性的发展情况。结果表明,儿童的利他选择以及他们的利他观念与行为之间的一致性均随年龄的增长而增加,分物组与选物组被试的利他行为不论在假设情境还是在实际情境中均有显著差异。

关键词：儿童幼儿园三年级大班百分比利他行为小学实际情境玩具利他观念