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A B-la cell subset induces Foxp3- T cells with regulatory activity through an IL-10-independent pathway

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2015年第3期12卷 354-365页

作者： Ling-Hui Hsu Kun-Po Li Kuan-Hua Chu bor-luen chiang Graduate Institute of Immunology College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan China Department of Medical Research NationalTaiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan China

Regulatory T （Treg） cells play a critical role in the maintenance of tolerance. B-la cells belong to a specific and functionally important B-cell subset that exerts its regulatory role through the production of IL-IO. While IL-IO has been correlated with the induction of type 1 Treg （Trl） cells or Trl-like cells, whether IL-lO-producing B-la cells are able to induce Treg cells, especially the Trl lineage, is poorly understood. We have demonstrated that, similar to the reported B-2 cells, B-la cells are able to convert naive CD4＋CD25- T cells into a subset of T cells with suppressive function, which we called ＇Treg-of-Bla＇ cells. Treg-of-Bla cells do not express Foxp3, but upregulate the Treg markers OX40, programmed death 1 （PD-1）, inducible costimulator （ICOS） and IL-IOR. Moreover, Treg-of-Bla cells do not express Foxp3 and produce high levels of IFN-y and IL-IO, but minimal amounts of IL-4; therefore, they resemble Trl cells. However, utilizing IL-10-/- mice, we showed that IL-IO was not involved in the induction of Treg-of-Bla cells. On the contrary, CD86-mediated costimulation was essential for B-la cells to drive the induction of Treg-of-Bla cells. Finally, we demonstrated that, in contrast to the Treg cells generated by B-2 cells that mediate contact-dependent suppression, Treg-of-B la cells suppress through secreting soluble factors. While Trl cells mediate suppression mainly through IL-IO or TGF-10secretion, Treg-of-Bla cells mediate suppression through an IL-10- and TGF-10-independent pathway. Together, these findings suggest that B-la cells induce a functionally and phenotypically distinct Treg population that is dissimilar to the reported Foxp3＋ Treg or Trl cells.

关键词： B-la cells IL-IO induction suppression Treg cells

Osthole treatment ameliorates Th2-mediated allergic asthma and exerts immunomodulatory effects on dendritic cell maturation and function

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第11期14卷 935-947页

作者： Chen-Yuan chiang Chen-Chen Lee Chia-Kwung Fan Huei-Mei Huang bor-luen chiang Yueh-Lun Lee Division of Pulmonary Medicine Department of Internal MedicineWan Fang HospitalTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031TaiwanChina Department of Internal Medicine School of MedicineCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031TaiwanChina Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of MedicineCollege of MedicineChina Medical UniversityTaichung 40402TaiwanChina Department of Parasitology School of MedicineCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031TaiwanChina Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031TaiwanChina Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipei 10048TaiwanChina Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of MedicineCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031TaiwanChina

Osthole,an active component of Chinese herbal medicines,reportedly possesses various pharmacological properties and has potential therapeutic applications.This study explored the anti-allergic effects of osthole in asthmatic mice and investigated the immunomodulatory actions of osthole on dendritic cells(DCs)and T cells.Herein,we show that oral administration of osthole to BALB/c mice after ovalbumin(OVA)sensitization ameliorated all of the cardinal features of T helper 2(Th2)-mediated allergic asthma;namely,the production of OVA-specific immunoglobulin E,airway hyperresponsiveness,airway inflammation and the production of Th2-type cytokines including interleukin(IL)-4,IL-5 and IL-13.Surprisingly,IL-10 production was not inhibited and was even enhanced by osthole treatment.We observed a significant increase in the percentages of IL-10-producing DCs and forkhead box P3-positive regulatory T(Treg)cells in osthole-treated asthmatic mice.Additionally,in vitro analyses revealed that osthole-treated bone-marrow-derived DCs had a partial maturation phenotype,secreting large amounts of IL-10 and low levels of proinflammatory cytokines,such as IL-12,IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α,and displaying reduced levels of MHC class II surface molecules.These DCs displayed immunosuppressive capacity by directly inhibiting effector T-cell responses or inducing Treg cells.In addition,osthole directly inhibited the activated CD4+T-cell proliferation and Th1/Th2-type cytokine production in this system.Collectively,these results suggest that DCs and T cells are potential target cells responsible for the action of osthole against allergic asthma.

关键词： asthma dendritic cell osthole T cell

Arsenic trioxide alleviates airway hyperresponsiveness and eosinophilia in a murine model of asthma

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2010年第5期7卷 375-380页

作者： Kuan-Hua Chu Chen-Chen Lee Shao-Chi Hsin Bao-Chang Cai Jin-Hong Wang bor-luen chiang Graduate Institute of Immunology National Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan School of Medicine China Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine NanjingChina Department of Pediatrics National Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan

Asthma is one of the most common chronic airway inflammatory diseases.The clinical hallmarks of asthma include elevated serum levels of immunoglobulin E(IgE),eosinophilic inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness(AHR).Arsenic trioxide(As2O3)is considered a carcinogen;however,it has also been used to treat diseases,such as syphilis,in traditional Chinese and Western medicine.Today,As2O3 is used as one of the standard therapies for acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL).Previous studies have indicated that As2O3 can induce apoptosis in eosinophils.However,the effect of As2O3 on asthma has not been investigated.We used ovalbumin(OVA)-immunized mice as a model for asthma and treated mice with As2O3 at doses of 2.5 and 5 mg/kg.The mice were then monitored for OVA-specific IgE production,airway inflammatory cell infiltration and AHR.We found that administration of As2O3 in OVA-immunized mice abrogated airway eosinophil recruitment by downregulating eotaxin expression but did not alter serum IgE or IL-5 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF).Furthermore,the development of AHR and cellular infiltration into the airway were reduced by treating mice with As2O3.In vitro data suggested that low concentrations of As2O3 could induce only a small degree of apoptosis in primary pulmonary cells but could significantly inhibit the secretion of eotaxin by these cells.These results indicate that the administration of As2O3 to OVA-immunized mice can suppress lung allergic inflammatory responses.As2O3 might therefore have therapeutic potential in treating allergic airway inflammatory diseases.

关键词： arsenic trioxide asthma eosinophils

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睡眠问题与特应性皮炎:双向车道?

中华临床免疫和变态反应杂志 2018年第6期12卷 702-708页

作者： Yung-Sen Chang bor-luen chiang 李俊达(翻译) 李巍(审校/点评) 不详中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院变态(过敏)反应科复旦大学附属华山医院皮肤科

睡眠障碍在特应性皮炎(AD)患者中非常普遍,是导致生活质量下降的主要因素。睡眠障碍不仅是AD常见症状之一,同时也是评价疾病严重程度的一个指标。本文综述AD相关的多种睡眠问题,以及睡眠问题对AD患者的诸多影响,还讨论了目前对AD患者睡... 详细信息

睡眠障碍在特应性皮炎(AD)患者中非常普遍,是导致生活质量下降的主要因素。睡眠障碍不仅是AD常见症状之一,同时也是评价疾病严重程度的一个指标。本文综述AD相关的多种睡眠问题,以及睡眠问题对AD患者的诸多影响,还讨论了目前对AD患者睡眠障碍机制的认识。睡眠问题和AD之间相互影响并可能形成恶性循环,因此,我们建议将睡眠问题视为AD的并发症,需要定期筛查和双向治疗策略,同时注重病情控制和改善睡眠质量。

关键词：睡眠障碍特应性皮炎湿疹褪黑素睡眠问题

Blind Signal Reception in Downlink Generalized Spatial Modulation Multiuser MIMO System Based on Minimum Output Energy

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第2期33卷 504-515页

作者： Wei-chiang WU College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Sanming University

This paper considers downlink multiuser multiple-input-multiple-output system with parallel spatial modulation scheme, in which base station transmitter antennas are separated into K groups corresponding to K user terminals. Generalized spatial modulation is employed, in which a subset(more than single antenna) of transmit antenna array are activated and the activating pattern corresponds to specific spatial symbol. Different from existing precoding-based algorithms, we develop a two-stage detection scheme at each user terminal: In the pre-processing stage, a minimax algorithm is proposed to identify the indices of active antennas, where the key idea is that the minimum output energy of the detector is maximized; A constrained minimum output energy algorithm is proposed in the post-processing stage to mitigate multiuser interference and extract temporal symbols. Compared with existing precoding-based algorithms, the complexity is significantly reduced. Moreover, the proposed algorithm is semi-blind,in which only a small subset of channel state information is required to identify active antennas as well as eliminate multiuser interference. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is near-far resistant and the spectral efficiency is extensively increased compared to the conventional spatial modulation scheme.

关键词： Generalized spatial modulation Multiuser multiple-input-multiple-output Multiuser interference Minimum output energy Minimax

Recent development and challenges in enhancing fire performance on wood and wood-based composites:A 10-year review from 2012 to 2021

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第1期9卷 27-42页

作者： Charles Michael Albert Kang chiang Liew Faculty of Tropical Forestry Universiti Malaysia SabahKota Kinabalu 88400Kota KinabaluSabah 88400Malaysia

Due to their durability,versatility,and aesthetic value,wood and wood-based composites are widely used as building materials.The fact that these materials are flammable,however,raises a major worry since they might cause fire hazards and significant loss of life and property.The article investigates the variables that affect fire performance as well as the various fire-retardant treatments and their mechanisms.The current developments and challenges in improving the fire performance of wood and wood-based composites treated with fire-retardant materials are summarized in this paper.Nanoparticles,organic chemicals,and densification are some recent developments in fire-retardant treatments that are also emphasized.Key points from the review are summarized,along with potential areas for further research and development.

关键词： Fire performance Fire-retardant materials Wood Wood-based composite Nanoparticles coating Surface charring Bio-based fire retardant Densification

Particle morphology control for spherical powder fabrication using the ball milling process with DEM simulation

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 41-50页

作者： Battsetseg Jargalsaikhan Khulan Uranchimeg Amgalan bor Kyung Sung Kim Heekyu Choi Research Institute of Future Convergence Changwon National UniversityChangwonGyoungnam 641-773Republic of Korea Graduate School of Material Science Engineering Changwon National UniversityChangwonGyoungnam 641-773Republic of Korea Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering School of Engineering and Applied SciencesNational University of Mongoli1Ulaanbaatar 14200Mongolia Department of Mechatronics Convergence Engineering College of Future ConvergenceChangwon National UniversityChangwonGyoungnam 641-773Republic of Korea Graduate School of Convergence on Culture Technology Changwon National UniversityChangwonGyoungnam 641-773Republic of Korea

Characteristics of spherical particles on copper powder and changing sizes were studied in a ball mill under various experimental conditions,such as different ball diameters,high rotation speeds,and milling times,using a discrete element method(DEM)simulation.This experiment has investigated the characteristics of spherical particle morphology evolution involved in the mechanical alloying of copper powder.The morphological evolution of the copper particle was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM).A spherical copper particle was shown with a roundness value using imageJ software.The DEM was used to simulate the ball motion in a planetary ball mill,and the impact energy and shear energy generated during the collision were analyzed to estimate the contact number between the ball and the ball wall.Therefore,as the size of the ball decreased,the number of ball-to-ball and ball-to-wall contacts increased accordingly,and the spherical shape of the copper powder changed.

关键词： Planetary ball mill DEM simulation Spherical particle morphology Copper powder Ball diameter

Low-Brightness Object Recognition Based on Deep Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 1757-1773页

作者： Shu-Yin chiang Ting-Yu Lin Department of Information and Telecommunications Engineering Ming Chuan UniversityTaoyuan City333Taiwan

This research focuses on addressing the challenges associated with image detection in low-light environments,particularly by applying artificial intelligence techniques to machine vision and object recognition systems.The primary goal is to tackle issues related to recognizing objects with low brightness levels.In this study,the Intel RealSense Lidar Camera L515 is used to simultaneously capture color information and 16-bit depth information images.The detection scenarios are categorized into normal brightness and low brightness situations.When the system determines a normal brightness environment,normal brightness images are recognized using deep learning methods.In low-brightness situations,three methods are proposed for recognition.The first method is the SegmentationwithDepth image(SD)methodwhich involves segmenting the depth image,creating amask from the segmented depth image,mapping the obtained mask onto the true color(RGB)image to obtain a backgroundreduced RGB image,and recognizing the segmented image.The second method is theHDVmethod(hue,depth,value)which combines RGB images converted to HSV images(hue,saturation,value)with depth images D to form HDV images for recognition.The third method is the HSD(hue,saturation,depth)method which similarly combines RGB images converted to HSV images with depth images D to form HSD images for recognition.In experimental results,in normal brightness environments,the average recognition rate obtained using image recognition methods is 91%.For low-brightness environments,using the SD method with original images for training and segmented images for recognition achieves an average recognition rate of over 82%.TheHDVmethod achieves an average recognition rate of over 70%,while the HSD method achieves an average recognition rate of over 84%.The HSD method allows for a quick and convenient low-light object recognition system.This research outcome can be applied to nighttime surveillance systems or nighttime road safety systems.

关键词： Low-brightness depth image image segmentation image recognition HDV HSD

First 150 years of catatonia:Looking back at its complicated history and forward to the road ahead

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第5期14卷 600-606页

作者： Levente Csihi Gabor S Ungvari Stanley N Caroff Gábor Gazdag Department of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Rehabilitation Jahn Ferenc South Pest HospitalBudapest 1204Hungary Division of Psychiatry School of MedicineUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawley 6009Western AustraliaAustralia Section of Psychiatry University of Notre DameFremantle 6160Western AustraliaAustralia Behavioral Health Service Corporal Michael J CresenczVeterans Affairs Medical CenterPhiladelphiaPA 19104United States Department of Psychiatry University of PennsylvaniaPerelman School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPA 19104United States Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Faculty of MedicineSemmelweis UniversityBudapest 1083Hungary

Karl Ludwig Kahlbaum(1828-1899)was the first to conceptualize and describe the main clinical features of a novel psychiatric illness,which he termed catatonia in his groundbreaking monograph published 150 years ago.Although Kahlbaum postulated catatonia as a separate disease entity characterized by psychomotor symptoms and a cyclical course,a close examination of his 26 cases reveals that most of them presented with motor symptom complexes or syndromes associated with various psychiatric and medical conditions.In his classification system,Kraepelin categorized catatonic motor symptoms that occur in combination with psychotic symptoms and typically have a poor prognosis within his dementia praecox(schizophrenia)disease entity.Because of the substantial influence of Kraepelin’s classification,catatonia was predominantly perceived as a component of schizophrenia for most of the 20th century.However,with the advent of the psychopharmacotherapy era starting from the early 1950s,interest in catatonia in both clinical practice and research subsided until the early 2000s.The past two decades have witnessed a resurgence of interest in catatonia.The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition,marked a paradigmatic shift by acknowledging that catatonia can occur secondary to various psychiatric and medical conditions.The introduction of an independent diagnostic category termed“Catatonia Not Otherwise Specified”significantly stimulated research in this field.The authors briefly review the history and findings of recent catatonia research and highlight promising directions for future exploration.

关键词： Catatonia Historical overview Psychopharmacology Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 Wernicke-Kleist-Leonhard school