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Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of selected mosses with different alcoholic solvents

Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2019年第5期11卷 382-388页

作者： Kehinde O.Olasoji Amos M.Makinde bolajoko a.akinpelu Musibau O.Isa Department of Botany Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-IfeOsun State 230103Nigeria Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-IfeOsun State 230103Nigeria

This study was conducted to investigate the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical content of the crude extracts of Archidium ohioense,Pelekium gratum,and Hyophila involuta with different alcoholic solvents(ethanol,methanol,Seaman's Schnapps,fresh oil-palm wine,and fresh Raffia-palm wine).The mosses were collected from their natural populations on the central campus of the Obafemi Awolowo University,Ile-Ife,*** yield of the extracts was weighed for all the solvents,and the qualitative and quantitative evaluations of the extracts were carried out using standard *** results of phytochemical analysis of the crude extracts from the mosses showed the presence of saponins,cardiac glycosides,triterpenes,alkaloids,flavonoids,and *** quantitative phytochemical analysis of the crude extracts showed that ethanolic extracts of Hyophila involuta had the highest flavonoid content(288.37±0.10 mg RE/g),and Raffiapalm-wine extracts of Hyophila involuta had the highest saponin content(224.70±0.02 mg/g),while the methanolic extract of Archidium ohioense had the highest cardiac glycosides content(63.71±0.14 mg/g),and the Raffia-palm wine extract of Hyophila involuta had the highest alkaloids content(102.50±0.12 mg/g).Raffia-and oil-palm wines were observed to be the most effective solvents for all the mosses studied,followed by Seaman's Schnapp,while methanol and ethanol were less *** study concluded that the extracts of the mosses studied contain pharmacologically active constituents that can be used for therapeutic purposes.

关键词： Archidium ohioense bryophyte Hyophila involuta Pelekium gratum phytoconstituents

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Infants at risk of significant hyperbilirubinemia in poorly-resourced countries:evidence from a scoping review

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2015年第4期11卷 293-299页

作者： bolajoko O Olusanya Tina M Slusher Center for Healthy Start Initiative 286A Corporation DriveDolphin EstateIkoyiLagosNigeria Department of Pediatrics University of Minnesota&Hennepin County Medical CenterMinneapolisUSA

Background:Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is frequently associated with disproportionately high rates of bilirubin-induced mortality and long-term morbidities in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs).This scoping review aimed to identify possible et iological/risk factors for clinically significant hyperbilirubinemia in LMICs so as to guide intervention and future research *** sources:We systematically searched PubMed,Scopus,Excerpt Medica Database,Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature,WHO Library Database,African Index Medicus,African Journals Online,Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature,and Indian Medical Journals for reports published between January 1990 and August 2014 in LMICs with per capita income of≤US$*** included studies on the etiology of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia or hyperbilirubinemia as signifi cant morbidity for relevant maternal,perinatal and neonatal disorders without restriction on study ***:A total of 131 studies were identified in 23 LMICs from different regions of the *** factors most frequently associated with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia(in approximately 10%of all studies)were ABO and Rhesus incompatibilities,diabetes mellitus,glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase defi ciency,prematurity/low birth weight,infection,birth trauma,and drug-induced *** role of exclusive breast-feeding and genetic factors was sparsely ***:Several maternal,perinatal and neonatal factors are associated with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in *** research efforts and strategies to address these factors are warranted to curtail the disease burden in these countries.

关键词： bilirubin-encephalopathy developing countries kernicterus perinatal outcomes risk factors

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Antidiabetic and haematological effect of aqueous extract of stem bark of Afzelia africana(Smith) on streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2011年第5期1卷 353-358页

作者： Oyedemi SO Adewusi EA Aiyegoro Oa.akinpelu DA School of Biological Sciences University of Fort Hare Department of Microbiology Obafemi Awolowo University

Objective:To investigate the antidiabetic properties of aqueous extract of stem bark of Afzelia africana(***)and its beneficial effect on haematological parameters in streptozotocin induced diabetic ***:A total of 30 rats including 24 diabetic and 6 normal rats were used for this *** was induced in male Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injection of *** being confirmed diabetic,animals were orally treated with distilled water or extracts at 100 or 200 mg/kg body weight daily for 10 *** haematological parameters including red blood and white blood cells and their functional indices were evaluated in diabetic treated groups compared with the ***:The extract significantly reduced the blood glucose levels while the best result was obtained at 200 mg/kg body weight The feed and water intake in diabetic rats were significantly reduced while weight loss was minimized at both ***,the levels of red blood,white blood cells and their functional indices were significantly improved after extract administration at both ***:It can be concluded that the aqueous extract of bark of *** possesses antihyperglycemic *** addition,the extract can prevent various complications of diabetes and improve some haematological *** experimental investigation is needed to exploit its relevant therapeutic effect to substantiate its ethnomedicinal usage.

关键词： Afzelia africana Diabetes mellitus Haematology Antidiabetic property Aqueous extract Beneficial effect Haematological parameter Ethnomedicinal usage Wistar rat

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In vitro assessment of the synergism between extracts of Cocos nucifera husk and some standard antibiotics

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第4期7卷 306-313页

作者： Taiwo Adesola Akinyele Etinosa Ogbomoede Igbinosa David Ayinde akinpelu Anthony Ifeanyin Okoh SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre University of Fort Hare Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group Department of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyUniversity of Fort Hare

Objective: To evaluate the interactions between the crude extracts of Cocos nucifera(***) and six front line antibiotics(ampicillin sodium salt, penicillin G sodium,amoxicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline hydrochloride), against some bacterial pathogens linked with human ***: The pulverized husk of *** was dissolved in 95% n-hexane and extracted using Soxhlet extraction method and sterile distilled water(aqueous).The antibacterial susceptibility of the crude extracts of *** was tested against environmental and clinical strains(6) obtained from the South African Bureau of Standards(SABS), Vibrio(6) and Listeria pathogens(6).The agar-well diffusion method was used for screening the extracts for their antibacterial *** minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of the extracts were ***-kill assay was used to evaluate bactericidal and/or bacteriostatic *** synergistic effect of the crude extracts and antibiotics was assessed and evaluated by adopting the checkerboard ***: With the time-kill assay, the highest bactericidal activity was observed on Vibrio fluvialis EL041 with a-5.6 ± 0.2 log_(10)CFU/mL decrease in cell density as a result of the combination of the extracts and chloramphenicol at two-fold minimum inhibitory *** using the time-kill assay constituted about 72%, while indifference constituted about 28%.The checkerboard method revealed synergistic interaction in 67% of the combinations, and indifference in 33%.There was no specificity in the observed synergy to a particular class of ***: This investigation suggests the crude extracts of *** to be a potential broad spectrum antimicrobial ***, further study is needed to isolate the pure compounds from these crude extracts.

关键词： Antibacterial Inhibition zone Synergism Indifference Antibiotics Time-kill assay

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Antimalarial potential of kolaviron,a biflavonoid from Garcinia kola seeds,against Plasmodium berghei infection in Swiss albino mice

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2014年第2期7卷 97-104页

作者： Adaramoyc Oluwatosin akinpelu Tolulope Kosoko Ayokulchin Okoric Patricia Kehinde Aderemi Falade Catherine Ademowo Olusegun Biochemistry Department University of IbadanUniversity wayOyo-OjooRoadIbadanIbadan.Oyo/South-West 20005Nigeria Pharmacology Department University of IbadanUniversity way.Oyo-OjooRoadIbadanIbadanOyo/South-West 20005Nigeria Medical Microbiology Department.University of Ibadan University wayOyo-OjooRoadIbadanIbadanOyo/South-West 20005Nigeria Pharmacology and IAMRAT Department.University of Ibadan University wayOyo-OjooRoad.IbadanIbadanOyo/South-West 20005.Nigeria

Objective:To investigate the antimalarial potential of kolaviron(KV),a biflavonoid fraction from Garcinia kola seeds,against Plasmodium berghei(***)infection in Swiss albino ***:The study consists of seven groups of ten mice *** I,II and III were normal mice that received com ***1 and chloroquine(CQ),*** IV,V,ⅥandⅦwere infected mice that received corn ***,KYI and ***1 and KV2were given at 10-,100-and 200-mg/kg daily,respectively for three consecutive ***:Administration of KV1 and KV2 significantly(P<0.05)suppressed ***-infection in the mice by 85%and 90%.respectively,while CQ produced 87%suppression relative to untreated infected group after the fifth day of ***,KV2 significantly(P<0.05)increased the mean survival time of the infected mice by 175%.The biflavonoid prevented a drastic reduction in HCV from day4 of treatment,indicating its efficacy in ameliorating ***(P<0.05)oxidative stress assessed by the elevation of serum and hepatic malondialdehydewere observed in unlrealed ***-infected ***,senum and hepatic malondialdehyde levels increased by93%and 78%,resjiectively in the unlrealed infecled ***,antioxidant indices,viz;superoxide ***,*** peroxidase and reduced gluathione decreased significantly(P<0.05)in the tissues of untreated ***-infected *** significantly(P<0.05)ameliorated the ***-induced decrease in antioxidant status of the infected ***:This study shows that kolaviron,especially at 200 mg/kg,has high antimalarial activities in ***-infected mice,in addition to its known antioxidant properties.

关键词： Antimalaria Antioxidant Biflavonoid Kolaviron Plasmodium berghei

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The Response of Viscously Damped Euler-Bernoulli Beam to Uniform Partially Distributed Moving Loads

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Applied Mathematics 2012年第3期3卷 199-204页

作者： Folake Oyedigba.akinpelu Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria

The paper investigates the response of non-initially stressed Euler-Bernoulli beam to uniform partially distributed moving loads. The governing partial differential equations were analyzed for both moving force and moving mass problem in order to determine the behaviour of the system under consideration. The analytical method in terms of series solution and numerical method were used for the governing equation. The effect of various beam observed that the response amplitude due to the moving force is greater than that due to moving mass. It was also found that the response amplitude of the moving force problem with non-initial stress increase as mass of the mass of the load M increases.

关键词： Viscously Damped Euler-Bernoulli Beam Uniform Partially Distributed and Moving Loads

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Performance Evaluation of Palm Kernel Shell Adsorbents for the Removal of Phosphorus from Wastewater

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2017年第2期7卷 215-227页

作者： akinpelu Kamoru Babayemi Department of Chemical Engineering Anambra State University Uli Nigeria

Studies were carried out on Palm Kernel Shell, an agricultural waste available in large quantity in Nigeria, to evaluate its ability to remove phosphorus from wastewater. The adsorbents, which were prepared from Palm Kernel Shells (PKN), were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Batch mode experiments were conducted to study the effects of adsorbent dosage and contact time on phosphorus adsorption. Equilibrium and Kinetic studies of the process were also carried out. Results obtained show that, FT-IR spectrum of the activated carbon displays a number of absorption peaks, reflecting the complex bio-mass structure and a variety of functional groups which explains its improved adsorption behaviour on the colloidal particles. SEM shows the spherical shape of the carbon particles with a wide range of sizes, EDX indicated the constituent elements in the adsorbent in which C and O were found to be the most abundant. Equilibrium data fitted well to the Freundlick and Langmuir models but the data were best described by Langmuir Isotherm model at the temperature of 313 K. Pseudo second order best described the kinetics of the adsorption process. Removal efficiency (E%) of 97% was attained within 120 minutes at 50 g/l adsorbent concentration, pH6 and 0.2mm particle size of the adsorbent.

关键词： Phosphorus Adsorbent Activated Carbon Isotherms Kinetics Equilibrium Adsorption

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Facility-based constraints to exchange transfusions for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in resource-limited settings

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2016年第2期5卷 182-190页

作者： Cecilia A Mabogunje Sarah M Olaifa bolajoko O Olusanya Neonatal Unit Massey Street Children’s Hospital Laboratory Services Massey Street Children’s Hospital Centre for Healthy Start Initiative Dolphin Estate

Several clinical guidelines for the management of infants with severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia recommend immediate exchange transfusion(ET) when the risk or presence of acute bilirubin encephalopathy is established in order to prevent chronic bilirubin encephalopathy or kernicterus. However, the literature is sparse concerning the interval between the time the decision for ET is made and the actual initiation of ET, especially in low- and middle-income countries(LMICs) with significant resource constraints but high rates of ET. This paper explores the various stages and potential delays during this interval in complying with the requirement for immediate ET for the affected infants, based on the available evidence from LMICs. The vital role of intensive phototherapy, efficient laboratory and logistical support, and clinical expertise for ET are highlighted. The challenges in securing informed parental consent, especially on religious grounds, and meeting the financial burden of this emergency procedure to facilitate timely ET are examined. Secondary delays arising from posttreatment bilirubin rebound with intensive phototherapy or ET are also discussed. These potential delays can compromise the effectiveness of ET and should provide additional impetus to curtail avoidable ET in LMICs.

关键词： Bilirubin encephalopathy Kernicterus Intensive phototherapy Laboratory services Neonatal care Developing countries

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Levels of Immunoglobulin Classes Are Not Associated with Severity of HIV Infection in Nigerian Patients

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World Journal of AIDS 2012年第3期2卷 232-236页

作者： Oluwaseun O. akinpelu Yetunde A. Aken'Ova O. Ganiyu Arinola Department of Haematology College of Health Sciences Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria Department of Haematology College of Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of Immunology College of Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

The serum concentrations of immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin M (IgM), total protein and albumin were measured in 35 Human Immunodeficiency Virus—positive, HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy) na?ve subjects attending the PEPFAR (President's Emergency Plan for AIDS relief) clinic, University College Hospital, Ibadan and in 30 apparently healthy control subjects to assess the relationship between serum protein, immunoglobulin concentrations and laboratory indices of HIV disease (CD4 cell counts and viral load). Serum IgG (1008.6 ± 530.7 mg/dl), IgA (170.4 ± 69 mg/dl) and total protein (9.9 ± 1.7 g/dl) levels were higher among HIV positive subjects compared with mean values in healthy subjects (549.8 ± 193.8 mg/dl, 106.8 ± 26.4 mg/dl and 7.8 ± 0.5 g/dl respectively). The median serum IgM concentration (131mg/dl) was significantly higher in HIV positive subjects compared with 35 mg/dl in healthy controls (p 200 cells/μL. There was also no statistically significant correlation observed between viral load and serum immunoglobulin levels.

关键词： HIV Immunoglobulins

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Coag-Flocculation Kinetics of <i>Mucuna sloanei</i>Seed for Phosphorus Removal from Waste Water

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2013年第12期4卷 732-738页

作者： Kamoru akinpelu Babayemi Okechukwu Dominic Onukwuli Matthew Chukwudi Menkiti Akindele Oyetunde Okewale Department of Chemical Engineering Anambra State University Uli Nigeria Department of Chemical Engineering Landmark University Omuaran Nigeria Department of Chemical Engineering Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria

Mucuna sloanei (MS) an environmentally friendly biomass was used as a coagulant for treatment of phosphorus containing waste water. The study evaluates the coag-flocculation efficiency of MS and its functional kinetic parameter response to varying pH and dosage of the waste water effluent. Coag-flocculation reaction order α, coag-flocculation rate constant K, and coagulation period τ1/2 were determined. The maximum coag-flocculation performance (97.4%) is recorded at rate constant, K of 1.24 × 10-4 l/mg·min, dosage of 400 mg/l, pH of 8 and coagulation period τ1/2 of 0.100 min while the minimum (61%) is recorded at K of 3 × 10-5 l/gm·min, dosage 100 mg/l, pH of 2 and τ1/2 of 8.900 mins. The results confirm that MS coagulant is an effective coagulant obeying the theory of fast coagulation in the conditions of the experiments.

关键词： Coag-Flocculation Mucuna slonaei Phosphorus

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