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Multiscale causes of the 2022 Yangtze mega-flash drought under climate change

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2649-2660页

作者： Xing yuan Yumiao WANG Shiyu ZHOU Hua li Chenyuan li School of Hydrology and Water Resources Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Hydrometeorological Disaster Mechanism and Warning of Ministry of Water Resources Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China

The 2022 Yangtze mega-flash drought is characterized by strong intensity and rapid development both in time and space,accompanied by a persistent anticyclonic circulation ***,the causes of the extreme event remain elusive given the multiscale nature of *** we presented a brief overview for the oceanic and terrestrial causes of the megaflash drought during the summer of 2022,and estimated the risk in a changing *** the soil moisture percentile as the drought index,it was found that the drought expanded to the entire Yangtze River basin within two months,with 80%of basin under severe drought conditions at the end of *** the intensity and onset speed of the 2022 mega-flash drought were ranked as the first during the past 62 years,with return periods of 86 and 259 years,*** results of composite analysis showed that the spring La Ni?a can facilitate the abrupt change from a wet/normal condition in May–June to drought in July–August over the Yangtze River basin,which was beneficial for the increase of flash drought intensity and onset speed *** analysis through the linear regression also indicated that the unprecedented intensity was associated with the negative phase of the Pacific Decadal *** by a coupling strength index for soil moisture and vapor pressure deficit,it was found that there was a strong land-atmosphere coupling over the Yangtze River basin during July–August *** attribution by using CMIP6 climate models suggested that land-atmosphere coupling increased the risks of flash drought intensity and onset speed like 2022 by 61%±6%and 64%±7%under natural climate forcings,and the synergy of coupling and anthropogenic climate change would increase the risks by 75%±22%and 85%±12%.Our findings emphasized the role of landatmosphere coupling combined with anthropogenic climate change in intensifying flash droughts.

关键词： Flash drought Yangtze River basin Land-atmosphere coupling Climate change Attribution

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Transferable adversarial slow feature extraction network for few-shot quality prediction in coal-to-ethylene glycol process

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第7期71卷 258-271页

作者： Cheng Yang Chao Jiang Guo Yu Jun li Cuimei bo School of Electrical Engineering and Control Science Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China Department of Intelligent Manufacturing Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 210009China

In the coal-to-ethylene glycol(CTEG)process,precisely estimating quality variables is crucial for process monitoring,optimization,and control.A significant challenge in this regard is relying on offline laboratory analysis to obtain these variables,which often incurs substantial monetary costs and significant time *** resulting few-shot learning scenarios present a hurdle to the efficient development of predictive *** address this issue,our study introduces the transferable adversarial slow feature extraction network(TASF-Net),an innovative approach designed specifically for few-shot quality prediction in the CTEG ***-Net uniquely integrates the slowness principle with a deep Bayesian framework,effectively capturing the nonlinear and inertial characteristics of the CTEG ***,the model employs a variable attention mechanism to identify quality-related input variables adaptively at each time step.A key strength of TASF-Net lies in its ability to navigate the complex measurement noise,outliers,and system interference typical in CTEG *** learning strategy using a min-max game is adopted to improve its robustness and ability to model irregular industrial data accurately and ***,an incremental refining transfer learning framework is designed to further improve few-shot prediction performance achieved by transferring knowledge from the pretrained model on the source domain to the target *** effectiveness and superiority of TASF-Net have been empirically validated using a real-world CTEG *** with some state-of-the-art methods,TASF-Net demonstrates exceptional capability in addressing the intricate challenges for few-shot quality prediction in the CTEG process.

关键词： Chemical process Neural networks Slowness principle Transfer learning Prediction

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Turbo Message Passing Based Burst Interference Cancellation for Data Detection in Massive MIMO-OFDM Systems

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China Communications 2024年第2期21卷 143-154页

作者： Wenjun Jiang Zhihao Ou Xiaojun yuan li Wang National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China

This paper investigates the fundamental data detection problem with burst interference in massive multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(MIMO-OFDM) systems. In particular, burst interference may occur only on data symbols but not on pilot symbols, which means that interference information cannot be premeasured. To cancel the burst interference, we first revisit the uplink multi-user system and develop a matrixform system model, where the covariance pattern and the low-rank property of the interference matrix is discussed. Then, we propose a turbo message passing based burst interference cancellation(TMP-BIC) algorithm to solve the data detection problem, where the constellation information of target data is fully exploited to refine its estimate. Furthermore, in the TMP-BIC algorithm, we design one module to cope with the interference matrix by exploiting its lowrank property. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can effectively mitigate the adverse effects of burst interference and approach the interference-free bound.

关键词： burst interference cancellation data detection massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) message passing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)

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AWG-based large dynamic range fiber Bragg grating interrogation system

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Optoelectronics Letters 2024年第3期20卷 129-134页

作者： li Shufeng yuan Pei li Ke li Ting ZHU lianqing Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument Beijing Information Science&Technology UniversityBeijing 100192China Beijing Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and System Beijing Information Science&Technology UniversityBeijing 100016China

Arrayed waveguide gratings(AWGs) are extensively employed in fiber Bragg grating(FBG) interrogation systems due to their compact size, lightweight nature, and excellent interrogation performance. The resolution and total measurement range of AWG-based FBG interrogation systems are constrained by the output properties of AWG. We proposed an AWG-based large dynamic range interrogation system. The temperature dependence of AWG is exploited to achieve continuous interrogation. The test results show that the interrogation system has a dynamic range of 28.67 nm, an interrogation accuracy better than 25 pm, and a wavelength resolution of 6 pm.

关键词： fiber waveguide AWG

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Efficacy of physiological seawater nasal irrigation for the treatment of children with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 variant infection:a randomized controlled trial

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第5期20卷 461-469页

作者： Ji-Lei lin Fen Zhang Yan-bo li Shu-Hua yuan Jin-Hong Wu Jing Zhang Lei Zhang Yi He Jie Chen Yong Yin Department of Respiratory Medicine Shanghai Children’s Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University1678 Dongfang RoadPudong DistrictShanghaiChina University of British Columbia VancouverCanada Information Technology Department Shanghai Children’s Medical Center National Children’s Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University1678 Dongfang RoadPudong DistrictShanghaiChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology Shanghai Children’s Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University1678 Dongfang RoadPudong DistrictShanghaiChina Department of Respiratory Medicine Sanya Women and Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Hainan Medical CollegeHainan Branch of Shanghai Children’s Medical CenterSanyaChina Department of Respiratory Medicine Linyi Maternal and Child Healthcare HospitalLinyiChina Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Pediatric Medical Complex(Pudong) ShanghaiChina Pediatric AI Clinical Application and Research Center Shanghai Children’s Medical CenterShanghaiChina

Background Saline nasal irrigation is an effective therapy for relieving common cold *** study aimed to investigate and explore the efficacy of physiological seawater nasal irrigation(PSNI)on children with mild and asymptomatic infection with *** This randomized controlled trial was conducted in Shanghai,China,and 403 children with mild and asymptomatic infection with Omicron were *** children were allocated into the PSNI group and the control *** primary outcome was the duration of viral shedding(DVS),and the secondary outcome was the change in clinical *** The median age of all participants was 5.59(6.26)years *** DVS was significantly shorter in the PSNI group[2.40(1.13)]than in the control group[3.09(2.14)](P=0.014).The multivariable Cox regression model also showed that patients in the PSNI group had an increased probability of shorter DVS compared with patients in the control group[hazard ratio(HR),1.27;95%confidence interval(CI),1.04–1.55;P=0.017].Subgroup analysis suggested that the DVS of patients without full vaccination was significantly reduced in the PSNI *** proportions of runny nose and stuffy nose were apparently reduced in the first three days in the PSNI group or the control group,but there was no evidence showing that PSNI contributes to the benefit compared with the control *** PSNI can reduce the DVS of patients with mild and asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 variant.

关键词： Children Duration of viral shedding Omicron Physiological seawater nasal irrigation

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Vibration and noise mechanism of a 110 kV transformer under DC bias based on finite element method

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Global Energy Interconnection 2024年第4期7卷 503-512页

作者： Ziyang li Xujun Lang bo Yang Xiaolin liu Hao Wang Zhang li Shandong Electric Power Engineering Consulting Institute Co. Ltd.Jinan 250013P.R.China School of Electrical Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250061P.R.China

Global energy and environmental issues are becoming increasingly problematic,and the vibration and noise problem of 110 kV transformers,which are the most widely distributed,have attracted widespread attention from both inside and outside the *** bias is one of the main contributing factors to vibration noise during the normal operation of *** clarify the vibration and noise mechanism of a 110 kV transformer under a DC bias,a multi-field coupling model of a 110 kV transformer was established using the finite element *** electromagnetic,vibration,and noise characteristics during the DC bias process were compared and quantified through field circuit coupling in parallel with the power frequency of AC,harmonic,and DC power *** was found that a DC bias can cause significant distortions in the magnetic flux density,force,and displacement distributions of the core and *** contributions of the DC bias effect to the core and winding are different at Kdc=*** this point,the core approached saturation,and the increase in the core force and displacement ***,the saturation of the core increased the leakage flux,and the stress and displacement of the winding increased *** sound field distribution characteristics of the 110 kV transformer under a DC bias are related to the force *** the DC bias coefficient was 1.25,the noise sound pressure level reached 73.6 dB.

关键词： Transformer DC bias Vibration Noise

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Creep property and microstructural evolution of DD11 alloy under high temperature and low stress

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 810-816页

作者： Yan-Fei liu Jiang-bo Sha Yun-Song Zhao Chen-Guang liu yuan-yuan Guo Jian Zhang Yu-Shi Luo School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China Science and Technology on Advanced High Temperature Structural Materials Laboratory Beijing Institute of Aeronautical MaterialsBeijing100095China

In this paper,the interrupted and ruptured creep tests were carried out in a novel second generation single crystal superalloy named DD11 at 1100℃/130 *** alloy exhibited typical creep curve including primary,steady,and tertiary three creep *** microstructural evolution at different stages of the creep were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The results show that theγ′phases transform into rafted structure at the early stage of the steady creep and keep stable during the steady creep *** the creep goes on,the rafted structure further coarsens and the topological inversion *** addition,at the primary creep,the dislocations mainly move in theγmatrix and pile up in theγ/γ′interface since the matrix channels widen *** formation of the regular interfacial dislocation networks occurs at the early stage of the steady *** the low stress,the dominated deformation mechanism during steady creep stage is the climbing of the〈010〉type edge ***,the effect of the deformation mechanism on creep property was discussed in detail.

关键词： DD11 alloy Creep property Interrupted creep test Rafted structure Deformation mechanism

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Visual observation of photonic Floquet–Bloch oscillations

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light(Science & Applications) 2024年第5期13卷 921-929页

作者： Zhen Zhang yuan li Xiankai Sun Xuewen Shu Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430074China Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong SARChina

Bloch oscillations(bos),an important transport phenomenon,have been studied extensively in static systems but remain mysterious in Floquet ***,by harnessing notions from photonic analogy,we propose a generalization of the existing bos in photonic Floquet lattices,namely the“photonic Floquet–Bloch oscillations”,which refer to rescaled photonic Bloch oscillations with a period of extended least common multiple of the modulation period and the Bloch oscillation ***,we report the first visual observation of such photonic Floquet–Bloch oscillations(Fbos)by employing waveguide fluorescence *** significantly,the Fbos surpass the existing bos in Floquet systems and exhibit exotic properties on their own,including fractal spectrum and fractional Floquet *** new transport mechanism offers an intriguing method of wave manipulation that may contribute to rapidly developing fields in photonics,condensed matter physics,and quantum physics.

关键词： Bloch analogy generalization

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Non-Targeted Metabolomics Reveals the Metabolic Alterations in Response to Artificial Selective Breeding in the Fast-Growing Strains of Pacific Oyster

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第2期23卷 518-528页

作者： HU boyang TIAN yuan liU Shikai li Qi Key Laboratory of Mariculture Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China

Pacific oyster(Crassostrea gigas)is one of the most important mollusks cultured all around the *** breeding programs of Pacific oysters in China is initiated since 2006 and developed the genetically improved strain with fast-growing ***,little is known about the metabolic signatures of the fast-growing *** the present study,the non-targeted metabolomics was performed to analyze the metabolic signatures of adductor muscle tissue in one-year old Pacific oysters from fast-growing strain and the wild population.A total of 7767 and 10174 valid peaks were extracted and quantified in ESI^(+)and ESI^(−)modes,resulting in 399 and 381 annotated metabolites,*** and OPLS-DA revealed that considerable separation among samples from fastgrowing strain and wild population,suggesting the differences in metabolic ***,81 significantly different metabolites(SDMs)were identified in the comparisons between fast-growing strain and wild population,based on the strict *** was found that there were highly correlation and conserved coordination among these *** enrichment analysis indicated that the SDMs were tightly related to pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis,steroid hormone biosynthesis,riboflavin metabolism,and arginine and proline *** them,the CoA biosynthesis and metabolism,affected by pantetheine and pantothenic acid,might be important for the growth of Pacific oysters under artificial selective *** study provides the comprehensive views of metabolic signatures in response to artificially selective breeding,and is helpful to better understand the molecular mechanism of fastgrowing traits in Pacific oysters.

关键词： metabolic signature Pacific oyster artificial selection fast-growing trait

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Neutron irradiation influence on high-power thyristor device under fusion environment

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第4期35卷 65-81页

作者： Wei Tong Hua li Meng Xu Zhi-Quan Song bo Chen School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Institute of Plasma Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China

Because of their economy and applicability,high-power thyristor devices are widely used in the power supply systems for large fusion *** high-dose neutrons produced by deuterium–tritium(D–T)fusion reactions are irradiated on a thyristor device for a long time,the electrical characteristics of the device change,which may eventually cause irreversible *** this study,with the thyristor switch of the commutation circuit in the quench protection system(QPS)of a fusion device as the study object,the relationship between the internal physical structure and external electrical parameters of the irradiated thyristor is ***,a series of targeted thyristor physical simulations and neutron irradiation experiments are conducted to verify the accuracy of the theoretical *** addition,the effect of irradiated thyristor electrical characteristic changes on the entire QPS is studied by accurate simulation,providing valuable guidelines for the maintenance and renovation of the QPS.

关键词： Fusion device Neutron irradiation effects Thyristor Quench protection

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