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Integrating Hormone- and Micromolecule- Mediated Signaling with Plasmodesmal Communication

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Molecular Plant 2016年第1期9卷 46-56页

作者： Xiao Han Jae-yean kim Biotechnology Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science Beijing 100081 China Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus program) Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology Research Center Gyeongsang National University Jinju 660-701Korea

Intercellular and supracellular communications through plasmodesmata are involved in vital processes for plant development and physiological responses. Micro- and macromolecules, including hormones, RNA, and proteins, serve as biological information vectors that traffic through the plasmodesmata between cells. Previous studies demonstrated that the plasmodesmata are elaborately regulated, whereby a long queue of multiple signaling molecules forms. However, the mechanism by which these signals are coupled or coor- dinated in terms of simultaneous transport in a single channel remains a puzzle. In the last few years, several phytohormones that could function as both non-cell-autonomous signals and plasmodesmal regulators have been disclosed. Plasmodesmal regulators such as auxin, salicylic acid, reactive oxygen species, gibberellic acids, chitin, and jasmonic acid could regulate intercellular trafficking by adjusting plasmodesmal permeability. Here, callose, along with β-glucan synthase and β-glucanase, plays a critical role in regulating plasmodesmal permeability. Interestingly, most of the previously identified regulators are capable of diffusing through the plasmodesmata. Given the small sizes of these molecules, the plasmo- desmata are prominent intercellular channels that allow diffusion-based movement of those signaling molecules. Obviously, intercellular communication is under the control of a major mechanism, named a feedback loop, at the plasmodesmata, which mediates complicated biological behaviors. Prospective research on the mechanism of coupling micromolecules at the plasmodesmata for developmental signaling and nutrient provision will help us to understand how plants coordinate their development and photosynthetic assimilation, which is important for agriculture.

关键词： callose cell-to-cell movement hormone intercellular signaling plasmodesmata

CRISPR-Mediated Engineering across the Central Dogma in Plant Biology for Basic Research and Crop Improvement

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Molecular Plant 2021年第1期14卷 127-150页

作者： Dibyajyoti Pramanik Rahul Mahadev Shelake Mi Jung kim Jae-yean kim Division of Applied Life Science(BK21 Four Program) Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Korea These authors contributed equally to this article

The central dogma(CD)of molecular biology is the transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA to *** CD processes governing genetic flow include the cell cycle,DNA replication,chromosome packaging,epigenetic changes,transcription,posttranscriptional alterations,translation,and posttranslational *** CD processes are tightly regulated in plants to maintain genetic integrity throughout the life cycle and to pass genetic materials to next *** of various CD processes involved in gene regulation will accelerate crop improvement to feed the growing world *** technology enables programmable editing of CD processes to alter DNA,RNA,or protein,which would have been impossible in the ***,an overview of recent advancements in CRISPR tool development and CRISPR-based CD modulations that expedite basic and applied plant research is ***,CRISPR applications in major thriving areas of research,such as gene discovery(allele mining and cryptic gene activation),introgression(de novo domestication and haploid induction),and application of desired traits beneficial to farmers or consumers(biotic/abiotic stress-resilient crops,plant cell factories,and delayed senescence),are ***,the global regulatory policies,challenges,and prospects for CRISPR-mediated crop improvement are discussed.

关键词： central dogma CRISPR crop improvement gene regulation genome editing

Power interconnected system clustering with advanced fuzzy C-mean algorithm

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Journal of Central South University 2011年第1期18卷 190-195页

作者：王洪梅 kim Jae-Hyung JUNG Dong-yean LEE Sang-Min LEE Sang-Hyuk School of Mechatronics Changwon National University Daeho Tech Co.Ltd. Changwon 641-465Korea Department of Electronics Engineering Inha University

An advanced fuzzy C-mean （FCM） algorithm was proposed for the efficient regional clustering of multi-nodes interconnected systems. Due to various locational prices and regional coherencies for each node and point, modified similarity measure was considered to gather nodes having similar characteristics. The similarity measure was needed to contain locafi0nal prices as well as regional coherency. In order to consider the two properties simultaneously, distance measure of fuzzy C-mean algorithm had to be modified. Regional clustering algorithm for interconnected power systems was designed based on the modified fuzzy C-mean algorithm. The proposed algorithm produces proper classification for the interconnected power system and the results are demonstrated in the example of IEEE 39-bus interconnected electricity system.

关键词： fuzzy C-mean similarity measure distance measure interconnected system clustering

Laboratory investigation of the anisotropic confinement-dependent brittle-ductile transition of a Utah coal

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2021年第1期31卷 51-57页

作者： bo-Hyun kim Mark K.Larson Mine Safety Branch CDC/NIOSH/SMRDSpokaneWA 99207USA

This paper was developed as part of an effort by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH)to identify risk factors associated with bumps in the prevention of fatalities and accidents in highly stressed,bump-prone ground *** of failure mechanism with increasing confinement,from extensional-to shear-dominated failure,are widely observed in the rupture of intact specimens at the laboratory scale and in rock *** the previous analysis conducted in 2018,both unconfined and triaxial compressive tests were conducted to investigate the strength characteristics of some specimens of a Utah coal,including the spalling limits,the ratio of apparent unconfined compressive strength(AUCS)to unconfined compressive strength(UCS),the damage characteristics,and the postyield *** mechanical characteristics were found to be strongly anisotropic as a function of the orientation of the cleats relative to the loading ***,the transition from extensional to shear failure at the given confinements was not clearly *** this study,a total of 20 specimens were additionally prepared from the same coal sample used in the previous study and then tested under both unconfined and triaxial compressive *** different confining stresses are used as analogs for different width-to-height(W/H)ratios of pillar *** the W/H ratios of the specimens were not directly considered during testing,the equivalent W/H ratios of a pillar as a function of the confining stresses were estimated using an existing empirical *** to this relationship,theW/H atwhich in-situ pillar behavior would be expected to transition from brittle to ductile is identified.

关键词： Bump-prone ground conditions A Utah coal Anisotropic Equivalent W/H ratios of a pillar

Development of a fault-rupture environment in 3D: A numerical tool for examining the mechanical impact of a fault on underground excavations

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第1期29卷 105-111页

作者： bo-Hyun kim Mark K.Larson Spokane Mining Research Division CDC/NIOSH

While faults are commonly simulated as a single planar or non-planar interface for a safety or stability analysis in underground mining excavation, the real 3D structure of a fault is often very complex, with different branches that reactivate at different times. Furthermore, these branches are zones of nonzero thickness where material continuously undergoes damage even during interseismic periods. In this study, the initiation and the initial evolution of a strike-slip fault was modeled using the FLAC3D software program. The initial and boundary conditions are simplified, and mimic the Riedel shear experiment and the constitutive model in the literature. The FLAC3D model successfully replicates and creates the 3D fault zone as a strike-slip type structure in the entire thickness of the model. The strike-slip fault structure and normal displacement result in the formation of valleys in the model. Three panels of a longwall excavation are virtually placed and excavated beneath a main valley. The characteristics of stored and dissipated energy associated with the panel excavations are examined and observed at different stages of shear strain in the fault to evaluate bump potential. Depending on the shear strain in the fault, the energy characteristics adjacent to the longwall panels present different degrees of bump potential, which is not possible to capture by conventional fault simulation using an interface.

关键词： 3D fault zone Strike-slip fault FLAC3D Bump potential Energy characteristics

Is the filamentary dark cloud GF 6 a star forming region?--Stability analysis and infrared properties

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第12期17卷 77-88页

作者： Jaeheon kim Hyun-Goo kim Sang Joon kim bo Zhang Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute Daejeon 34055Korea Department of Astronomy and Space Science Kyung Hee UniversityYongin 17104Korea

We present the results of mapping observations and stability analyses toward the filamentary dark cloud GF 6. We investigate the internal structures of a typical filamentary dark cloud GF 6 to know whether the filamentary dark cloud will form stars. We perform radio observations with both 12CO（J =1–0） and 13CO（J =1–0） emission lines to examine the mass distribution and its evolutionary *** 13CO gas column density map shows eight subclumps in the GF 6 region with sizes on a sub-pc scale. The resulting local thermodynamic equilibrium masses of all the subclumps are too low to form stars against the turbulent dissipation. We also investigate the properties of embedded infrared point sources to know whether they are newly formed stars. The infrared properties also indicate that these point sources are not related to star forming activities associated with GF 6. both radio and infrared properties indicate that the filamentary dark cloud GF 6 is too light to contract gravitationally and will eventually be dissipated away.

关键词： ISM:clouds ISM:molecules radio lines:ISM infrared:ISM Instabilities Turbulence

Arabidopsis thaliana RECEPTOR DEAD KINASE1 Functions as a Positive Regulator in Plant Responses to ABA

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Molecular Plant 2017年第2期10卷 223-243页

作者： Dhinesh Kumar Ritesh Kumar Dongwon Baek Tae-Kyung Hyun Woo Sik Chung Dae-Jin Yun Jae-yean kim Division of Applied Life Sciences Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center Gyeongsang National University Jinju 660-701 Korea Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology Conege of Agricultural Life and Environmental Sciences Chungbuk National University Cheongju 28644Korea These authors contributed equally to this article.

Abscisic acid （ABA） is a major phytohormone involved in important stress-related and developmental plant processes. Membrane-delimited ABA signal transduction plays an important role in early ABA signaling, but the molecular mechanisms connecting core signaling components to the plasma membrane remain un- clear. Plants have evolved a large number of receptor-like kinases （RLKs） to modulate diverse biological processes by perceiving extracellular stimuli and activating downstream signaling responses. In this study, a putative leucine-rich repeat-RLK gene named RECEPTOR DEAD KINASE1 （AtRDK1） was identified and characterized in Arabidopsis thaliana. RDK1 promoter-GUS analysis revealed that RDK1 is expressed ubiq- uitously in the various tissues in Arabidopsis, and its expression is mainly induced by ABA. In the presence of ABA, RDKl-deficient rdkl-1 and rdkl-2 lines showed significant resistance in cotyledon greening and root growth, whereas RDKl-overexpressing lines showed enhanced sensitivity. Consistently, the expres- sion of ABA-responsive genes was significantly downregulated in rdkl mutant seedlings, which were also hypersensitive to drought stress with increased water loss. Interestingly, RDK1 was found to be an atypical kinase localized to the plasma membrane and did not require its kinase activity during ABA-mediated inhi- bition of seedling development. Accordingly, RDK1 interacted in the plasma membrane with type 2C protein phosphatase ABSClSIC ACID INSENSITIVE1 （ABI1）; this interaction was further enhanced by exogenous application of ABA, suggesting that RDKl-mediated recruitment of ABI1 onto the plasma membrane is important for ABA signaling. Taken together, these results reveal an important role for RDK1 in plant responses to abiotic stress conditions in an ABA-dependent manner.

关键词： ABA abiotic stress Arabidopsis atypical kinases protein phosphatases receptor-like kinases

The Obstacles and Potential Solution Clues of Prime Editing Applications in Tomato

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BioDesign Research 2022年第1期2022卷 11-18页

作者： Tien Van Vu Ngan Thi Nguyen Jihae kim Swati Das Jinsu Lee Jae-yean kim Division of Applied Life Science(BK21 FOUR Program) Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinju 660-701Republic of Korea National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology Agricultural Genetics InstituteKm 02Pham Van Dong RoadCo Nhue 1Bac Tu LiemHanoi 11917Vietnam Division of Life Science Gyeongsang National University501 Jinju-daeroJinju 52828Republic of Korea Nulla Bio Inc. 501 Jinju-daeroJinju 660-701Republic of Korea.

Precision genome editing is highly desired for crop *** recently emerged CRISPR/Cas technology offers great potential applications in precision plant genome engineering.A prime editing(PE)approach combining a reverse transcriptase(RT)with a Cas9 nickase and a“priming”extended guide RNA(gRNA)has shown a high frequency for precise genome modification in mammalian cells and several plant ***,the applications of the PE approach in dicot plants are still limited and *** designed and tested prime editors for precision editing of a synthetic sequence in a transient assay and for desirable alleles of 10 loci in tomato by stable *** data obtained by targeted deep sequencing also revealed only low PE efficiencies in both the tobacco and tomato *** assessment of the activities of the PE components uncovered that the fusion of RT to Cas9 and the structure of PE gRNAs(pegRNAs)negatively affected the cleaving activity of the Cas9 *** self-complementarity between the primer binding sequences(PBSs)and spacer sequence might pose risks to the activity of the Cas9 ***,modifying the pegRNA sequences by shortening or introducing mismatches to the PBSs to reduce their melting temperatures did not enhance the PE efficiency at the MADS-box protein(SlMBP21),alcobaca(SlALC),and acetolactate synthase 1(SlALS1)*** data show challenges of the PE approach in tomato,indicating that a further improvement of the PE system for successful applications is demanded,such as the use of improved expression systems for enriching active PE complexes.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas precise editing

Ultra-low concentration of total organic carbon in ultrapure water using ion-exchange resin embedding silanized magnetic nanoparticles

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第6期32卷 11-17页

作者： Jung Joon Lee Jihyeon Park bo-Hyun kim Sunjong Lee Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419South Korea Korea Institute of Industrial Technology 89 Yangdaegiro-gilIpjang-myeonCheonan-si 31056South Korea

Regeneration of pure water is an important issue not only for the healthy life but also for the fine control of precise processes in various *** important issue in ultrahigh purified water is to reduce the amount of total organic carbon(TOC).Herein,we introduce a new approach to reduce the TOC using the surface silanized nanoparticles,in which the magnetic nanoparticles(mNPs)are silanized and then complexed with ion exchange resin(IER)*** Fe3O4 mNPs are surface modified by using high concentrated vinyltrimethoxysilane(VTMS)and then adhered on the surface of IER *** surface modified mNPs have a thick-shell of polysiloxane layer varying from 5 to 22 nm depending on the amount of VTMS used,which leads the significant increase of specific surface *** IER beads embedding VTMS-silanized mNPs achieves about 7μg/L of the TOC level in ultrapure water system,which is two orders less than 228μg/L of the feeding water and one order less than 96μg/L from the system using pristine IER *** result is mainly attributed to the polysiloxane layer forming broccoli-like surface structure and some part by the vinyl group of VTMS exposed to the amines in the water.

关键词： Total organic carbon Ultrapure water Magnetic nanoparticle Ion-exchange resin Hybrid structure