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Patterns,Causes and Perceptions of Human-Large Carnivore Conflict in the Chitwan National Park,Nepal

Journal of Resources and Ecology 2024年第4期15卷 838-849页

作者： Parwati TIWARI bishnu Prasad BHATTARAI Jagan Nath ADHIKARI Binod BHATTARAI Central Department of Zoology Institute of Science and TechnologyTribhuvan UniversityKathmandu 44600Nepal Department of Zoology Birendra Multiple CampusTribhuvan UniversityChitwan 44200Nepal Nepal Zoological Society Kathmandu 44600Nepal

One of the major management problems in and around protected areas is the intensifying conflict between local people and wildlife,especially large *** depredation and human fatalities caused by attacks of carnivores are found to be serious obstacles in conflict *** study aims to explore the patterns,costs,causes and perceptions of human large carnivore conflict in the Nawalpur area of Chitwan National *** patterns of livestock loss and human casualties due to large carnivores(Panthera tigris and Panthera pardus)were analysed using the secondary data reported to Chitwan National Park from 2001 to *** understand the people’s perception towards carnivores and wildlife conservation,150 victim respondents were asked,with one household selected from each *** 19-year study period,a total of 521 incidents caused by large carnivores were reported,which included 33 human casualties and 488 livestock *** was responsible for the maximum conflict incidents in *** total relief provided for human deaths and injuries was US$17524.41,whereas US$13702.18 was used to compensate for livestock depredation in the Nawalpur area by authorities of the Chitwan National *** than 64%of the respondents liked the presence of carnivores in their area and had a positive attitude toward the conservation of large carnivores,even though the carnivores were responsible for livestock depredation and human injury and ***’s satisfaction with the relief scheme provided by the government depended on ethnicity,gender,age class,occupation,education,insurance,and livestock ownership,but they believed the scheme was not ***,an effective relief scheme and awareness about the process of relief funding should be conducted in conflict *** awareness programs for local communities about large carnivores,their behavior,and preparing predator-proof corrals would be helpful in minimizing conflict in the study a

关键词： depredation human wildlife conflict leopard tiger relief fund

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Transaminitis is an indicator of mortality in patients with COVID-19:A retrospective cohort study

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第9期12卷 619-627页

作者： Vishnu Charan Suresh Kumar Prateek Suresh Harne Samiran Mukherjee Kashvi Gupta Umair Masood Anuj Vikrant Sharma Jivan Lamichhane Amit Singh Dhamoon bishnu sapkota Department of Internal Medicine SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNY 13202United States Department of Internal Medicine University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109United States Division of Gastroenterology SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNY 13202United States Division of Gastroenterology Syracuse VA medical CenterSyracuseNY 13202United States

BACKGROUND Since its discovery in Wuhan,China in December of 2019,the novel coronavirus has progressed to become one of the worst pandemics seen in the last 100 ***,there has been an increased interest in the hepatic manifestations of coronavirus disease 19(COVID-19).AIM To describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 positive patients and study the association between transaminitis and all-cause *** This is a descriptive retrospective cohort study of 130 consecutive patients with a positive COVID PCR test admitted between March 16,2020 to May 14,2020 at a tertiary care University-based medical *** Wilcoxon-rank sum test and paired t-test were used for comparing non-parametric and parametric continuous variables respectively and a multivariable logistic regression models to study the association between transaminitis and mortality using SAS version 9.4(SAS Institute,Cary,NC,United States).RESULTS Out of the 130 patients,73(56%)patients were found to have transaminitis and 57(44%)did *** compared to patients without transaminitis,the transaminitis group was found to have a higher median body mass index(30.2 kg/m2 vs 27.3 kg/m2,P=0.04).In the multivariate analysis those with transaminitis were found to have 3.4 times higher odds of dying as compared to those without transaminitis adjusting for gender,the Age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index and admission to the intensive care unit(P=0.03).CONCLUSION Our study showed that transaminitis on admission was associated with severe clinical outcomes such as admission to the intensive care unit,need for mechanical ventilation,and mortality.

关键词： COVID-19 Liver Mortality Transaminitis Liver enzymes Aspartate aminotransferase Alanine aminotransferase

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Retrospective analysis of complications related to endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography in patients with cirrhosis vs patients without cirrhosis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第4期13卷 472-482页

作者： Michelle Bernshteyn Linda Hu Umair Masood Anuj Vikrant Sharma Danning Huang bishnu sapkota Department of Medicine SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNY 13202United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology State University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNY 13210United States Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNY 13202United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology SUNY Upstate Medical University and Syracuse VA Medical CenterSyracuseNY 13210United States

BACKGROUND There is minimal objective data regarding adverse events related to endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography(ERCP)in patients with cirrhosis compared to those without cirrhosis and even fewer data comparing complications among cirrhosis patients based on severity of *** To determine if patients with cirrhosis are at increased risk of adverse events related to ERCP:mainly pancreatitis,bleeding,perforation,cholangitis,and mortality;And to see if higher Child-Pugh(CP)score and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease(MELD)score are associated with higher post-ERCP *** We performed a retrospective analysis of 692 patients who underwent ERCP and analyzed the impact of cirrhosis etiology,gender,type of sedation used during procedure,interventions performed,and co-morbidities on the rate of complications in cirrhosis patients as compared to non-cirrhosis *** Overall complications were higher in those with cirrhosis as compared to those without cirrhosis(P=0.015 at significance level of 0.05).CP class,especially CP class C,was shown to be associated with a significantly higher rate of ERCP complications as compared to CP class A and CP class B(P=0.010 at significance level of 0.05).CONCLUSION The results of our study reaffirm that liver cirrhosis has an impact on the occurrence of complications during *** study shows that CP class seems to be more reliable as compared to MELD score in predicting complications of ERCP in cirrhosis patients.

关键词： Cirrhosis Complications Advanced endoscopy Endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography

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Classifying coke using CT scans and landmark multidimensional scaling

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2023年第1期10卷 160-172页

作者： Keith Nesbitt Fayeem Aziz Merrick Mahoney Stephan Chalup bishnu P.Lamichhane School of Information and Physical Sciences Universityof NewcastleCallaghanNSWAustralia

One factor that limits development of fundamental research on the infuence of coke microstructure on its strength is the difculty in quantifying the way that microstructure is both classifed and distributed in three *** support such fundamental studies,this study evaluated a novel volumetric approach for classifying small(approx.450μm^(3))blocks of coke microstructure from 3D computed tomography *** automated process for classifying microstructure blocks was *** is based on Landmark Multi-Dimensional Scaling and uses the Bhattacharyya metric and k-means *** approach was evaluated using 27 coke samples across a range of coke with diferent properties and reliably identifed 6 ordered class of coke microstructure based on the distribution of voxel intensities associated with structural *** lower class(1–2)subblocks tend to be dominated by pores and thin ***,there is an increase in wall thickness and reduced pore sizes in the higher *** features are also likely to be seen in higher classes(5–6).In general,this approach provides an efcient automated means for identifying the 3D spatial distribution of microstructure in CT scans of coke.

关键词： Coke Microstructure Clustering Classifcation Computer tomography

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煅烧黏土反应活性及其影响机理

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建筑材料学报 2023年第2期26卷 179-185,220页

作者：胡传林陶永征 TARIQ Jamil bishnu Gautam 王发洲武汉理工大学硅酸盐建筑材料国家重点实验室湖北武汉430070 武汉理工大学材料科学与工程国际化示范学院湖北武汉430070 NED工程技术大学机械工程系信德卡拉奇74200 尼泊尔国家科学技术院巴格马蒂拉利特普尔44700

采用煅烧黏土在碱性溶液中的反应热试验,探明了氢氧化钙含量、反应温度、煅烧温度和高岭石含量等因素对煅烧黏土反应活性的影响规律及其机理.结果表明:反应热试验能够实现煅烧黏土反应活性的快速表征,且累计放热量与黏土中高岭石含量具... 详细信息

采用煅烧黏土在碱性溶液中的反应热试验,探明了氢氧化钙含量、反应温度、煅烧温度和高岭石含量等因素对煅烧黏土反应活性的影响规律及其机理.结果表明:反应热试验能够实现煅烧黏土反应活性的快速表征,且累计放热量与黏土中高岭石含量具有良好的线性相关性;随着煅烧温度的升高,黏土颗粒逐渐破碎,结构无序化程度增大,反应活性出现并逐渐增长到峰值,随后黏土颗粒粒径进一步增大,导致反应活性显著下降.

关键词：辅助性胶凝材料煅烧黏土反应活性反应温度碱含量煅烧温度高岭石含量

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Effect of plasma treatment on the seed germination and seedling growth of radish(Raphanus sativus)

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Plasma Science and Technology 2022年第1期24卷 95-107页

作者： Rajesh Prakash GURAGAIN Hom Bahadur BANIYA Santosh DHUNGANA Ganesh Kuwar CHHETRI Binita SEDHAI Niroj BASNET Aavash SHAKYA bishnu Prasad PANDEY Suman Prakash PRADHAN Ujjwal Man JOSHI Deepak Prasad SUBEDI Department of Physics School of SciencesKathmandu UniversityDhulikhelKavre 45210Nepal Department of Physics Tri-Chandra Multiple CampusTribhuvan UniversityKathmandu 44600Nepal Department of Chemical Science and Engineering Kathmandu UniversityDhulikhelKavre 45210Nepal Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Kathmandu UniversityDhulikhelKavre 45210Nepal

The effect on the germination and seedling growth of radish(Raphanus sativus)seeds were examined employing a dielectric barrier discharge(DBD)at atmospheric pressure and room temperature for various treatment *** plasma using argon gas of flow rate 21 m^(-1)was employed in this *** seeds were treated with DBD plasma for 1-5 min,*** characteristics,seedling growth parameters,the contact angle of the seed coat,water uptake capacity,mass loss,the temperature of the seeds,chlorophyll,and carotenoid contents of the seedlings were measured before and after the DBD plasma *** treatment of radish seeds significantly increased germination-related characters,including germination percentage,fresh and dry weight,vigor index,and total carotenoids ***,the cumulative production rate was found to be *** from the experiment indicate an acceleration in the water uptake of the radish seeds and make the seed surface hydrophilic by plasma *** electron microscopy analysis showed that etching effects on the seed coat occurred after the argon plasma treatments,which affected the wettability of the radish *** experimental findings showed that seeds being treated by DBD plasma for 2 and 3 min had a positive effect on the germination and seedling growth of radish.

关键词： dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) electron temperature electron density germination growth parameters radish seeds

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Chemical composition,antioxidant and antibacterial activities of essential oil and methanol extract of Artemisia vulgaris and Gaultheria fragrantissima collected from Nepal

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第10期10卷 952-959页

作者： bishnu Prasad Pandey Rupak Thapa Anil Upreti Department of Chemical Science and Engineering Kathmandu UniversityDhulikhelKavreNepal Department of Biotechnology Kathmandu UniversityDhulikhelKavreNepal

Objective: To identify the chemical constituents and biological activities of essential oil and crude methanol extract of Artemisia vulgaris(***) and Gaultheria fragrantissima(***).Methods: Phytochemical screening, total phenolic and flavonoid content, antibacterial activities, anti-oxidant assay of the crude extract were carried out to identify the biological activities and phytonutrients present in the ***, the chemical constituents present in the essential oil and crude methanol extract were analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectroscopy and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) ***: Gas chromatography mass spectroscopy analysis of essential oil from the aerial part of *** revealed 24 different compounds in ***(11.29%), b-thujone(19.19%), chrysanthenone(4.48%), camphor(11.89%), borneol(4.44%) and germacrene D(8.42%) were the major ***, leaves of *** contained methyl salicylate(95%) and asarone(4.64%).Furthermore, methanol extract of leaves of *** and *** were found rich in the total flavonoids and phenolic *** analysis of the methanol extract of leaves *** revealed the presence of morin and luteolin, whereas rutin was found as a major flavonoids compound in the leaves of ***, methanol extract of the *** and *** showed the highest antioxidant and antibacterial properties compared to the essential ***: The HPLC analysis of the methanol extract of *** shows the presence of luteolin and morin, whereas *** reveals the presence of rutin and a glycosylated *** reveal that *** oil is the rich source of monoterpene and sesquiterpene ***, *** and *** are the rich source of the phenolic and flavonoids compounds and show good antioxidant and antibacterial activity.

关键词： Artemisia vulgaris Gaultheria fragrantissima Flavonoids 抗氧化剂 HPLC 煤气的层析团光谱学

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The effects of climate and land use change on the potential distribution and nesting habitat of the Lesser Adjutant in Nepal

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Avian Research 2023年第3期14卷 326-335页

作者： Hem Bahadur Katuwal Hari Prasad Sharma Prashant Rokka Krishna Prasad Bhusal bishnu Prasad Bhattarai Sabina Koirala Sandeep Chhetri Luitel Shailendra Yadav Ganesh Sah Hem Sagar Baral Laxman Prasad Poudyal Lin Wang Rui-Chang Quan Center for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan666303China Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesYezinNay Pyi Taw05282Myanmar Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Southeast Asia Biodiversity Conservation MenglaYunnan666303China Nepal Zoological Society Kathmandu44600Nepal Central Department of Zoology Institute of Science and TechnologyTribhuvan UniversityKathmandu44600Nepal Faculty of Forestry Agriculture and Forestry UniversityHetaudaMakwanpur44107Nepal IUCN SSC Bird Red List Authority Rue Mauverney1196GlandSwitzerland Mithila Wildlife Trust JanakpurdhamDhanusa45600Nepal Zoological Society of London-Nepal Office Kathmandu44600Nepal Institute of Land Water and SocietySchool of Environmental SciencesCharles Sturt UniversityAlbury-WodongaAustralia Shivapuri-Nagarjun National Park Department of National Parks and Wildlife ConservationKathmanduNepal

Climate change and land use change pose a threat to the world’s biodiversity and have significant impacts on the geographic distribution and composition of many bird species,but little is known about how they affect threatened large-sized waterbird species that rely on agricultural *** address this gap,we investigated how climate and land use changes influence the distribution and nesting habitats of the globally vulnerable Lesser Adjutant(Leptoptilos javanicus) in *** 2012 and 2023,we collected distribution data from 24 districts and nesting site information from 18 *** a nation-wide breeding survey conducted in 2020,we documented a total of 581 fledglings from 346 nests in 109 *** ensemble model predicted a current potential distribution of 15%(21,637 km2) and a potential nesting habitat of 13%(19,651 km2) for the species in *** highest predicted current suitable distribution and nesting habitat was in Madhesh Province,while none was predicted in Karnali *** majority of this predicted distributional and nesting habitat falls on agricultural landscapes(>70%).Our model showed a likely range expansion of up to 15%(21,573 km2) for the distribution and up to 12%(17,482 km2) for the nesting habitat under SSP5-8.5 scenarios for the *** range expansion is expected to occur mainly within the current distribution and breeding range(Tarai and some regions of Siwalk),particularly in Lumbini and Sudurpashchim provinces,and extend to the northern portions(Siwalik and Mid-hill regions) in other ***,the current Protected Areas and Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas are inadequate for providing optimal habitats for the *** the model suggests range expansion,the use of such novel habitats is primarily contingent on the availability and protection of large-sized trees(particularly Bombax ceiba,observed in 65% of colonies) in agricultural regions where nesting ***,our research sugges

关键词： Agricultural landscapes Bombax ceiba Ensemble modeling Farmland bird IBA Nest site

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Is mandible derived mesenchymal stromal cells superior in proliferation and regeneration to long bone-derived mesenchymal stromal cells?

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World Journal of Methodology 2023年第2期13卷 10-17页

作者： Madhan Jeyaraman Tushar Verma Naveen Jeyaraman bishnu Prasad Patro Arulkumar Nallakumarasamy Manish Khanna Department of Orthopaedics ACS Medical College and HospitalDr MGR Educational and Research InstituteChennai 600056Tamil NaduIndia Department of Biotechnology School of Engineering and TechnologySharda UniversityGreater Noida 201310Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Regenerative Medicine Indian Stem Cell Study Group AssociationLucknow 226010Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Orthopaedic Rheumatology Fellow in Indian Orthopaedic Rheumatology AssociationLucknow 226010Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Orthopaedics Rathimed Speciality HospitalChennai 600040Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics All India Institute of Medical SciencesBhubaneswar 751019OdishaIndia

Mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs)are cells with the characteristic ability of self-renewal along with the ability to exhibit multilineage *** marrow(BM)is the first tissue in which MSCs were identified and BM-MSCs are most commonly used among various MSCs in clinical *** can stimulate and promote osseous *** to the difference in the development of long bones and craniofacial bones,the mandibular-derived MSCs(M-MSCs)have distinct differentiation characteristics as compared to that of long *** mandibular and long bone-derived MSCs are positive for MSC-associated markers such as CD-73,-105,and-106,stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 and Octamer-4,and negative for hematopoietic markers such as CD-14.

关键词： Mandible Long bone Mesenchymal stromal cells Osteogenic potential Regeneration

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考虑滑移效应的体外预应力钢-混凝土组合梁自振频率分析

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东南大学学报（自然科学版） 2017年第1期47卷 107-111页

作者：项贻强邱政 bishnu Gupt Gautam 浙江大学建筑工程学院杭州310058 浙江大学唐仲英传感材料及应用研究中心杭州310058

为了研究滑移与体外预应力对钢-混凝土组合简支梁自振频率的影响,提出了适用组合梁自振频率计算的静力折减刚度法和动力刚度修正系数法.以一根跨径为5 m的钢-混凝土组合简支试验梁为研究对象,分别采用静力折减刚度法、动力刚度修正系数... 详细信息

为了研究滑移与体外预应力对钢-混凝土组合简支梁自振频率的影响,提出了适用组合梁自振频率计算的静力折减刚度法和动力刚度修正系数法.以一根跨径为5 m的钢-混凝土组合简支试验梁为研究对象,分别采用静力折减刚度法、动力刚度修正系数法及换算截面法计算梁的自振频率,并将计算值与试验实测值进行对比.结果表明,采用动力刚度修正系数法计算得到的体外预应力组合梁的自振频率更接近于实测值,采用静力折减刚度法和换算截面法计算得到的梁的自振频率与实测值之间存在较大误差.当体外预应力值为100 k N时,换算截面法和静力折减刚度法与实测值的误差分别为19.3%和7.9%,动力刚度修正系数法误差则仅为2.9%.

关键词：体外预应力钢-混凝土组合梁滑移自振频率动力刚度修正系数法

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