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Smarter in the city?Lizards from urban and semi-natural habitats do not differ in a cognitive task in two syntopic species

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Current Zoology 2024年第3期70卷 361-370页

作者： Isabel Damas-Moreira birgit szabo Georgios Drosopoulos Carolin Stober Duje Lisičić Barbara A.Caspers Department of Behavioural Ecology Bielefeld University33615Germany Division of Behavioural Ecology University of Bern3032Switzerland Department of Biology University of Zagreb10000Croatia Joint Institute of Individualisation in a Changing Environment(JICE) University of Münster and Bielefeld University33615Germany

Urbanization occurs at a global scale,imposing dramatic and abrupt environmental changes that lead to biodiversity ***,some animal species can handle these changes,and thrive in such artifcial *** possible explanation is that urban individuals are equipped with better cognitive abilities,but most studies have focused on birds and mammals and yielded varied *** have received much less attention,despite some lizard species being common city *** Italian wall lizard,Podarcis siculus,and the common wall lizard,Podarcis muralis,are two successful lizards in anthropogenic habitats that thrive in urban *** test for differences in a cognitive skill between urban and semi-natural environments,we investigated inhibitory control through a detour task in syntopic populations of the two species,across 249 lizards that were tested in partially artifcial feld *** inhibitory control is considered essential for higher degrees of cognitive fexibility and other higher-level cognitive *** this task,we confronted lizards with a transparent barrier,separating them from a desired shelter area that they could only reach by controlling their impulse to go straight and instead detour the *** found no differences between lizards in urban and semi-natural environments,nor between species,but females overall performed better than ***,48%of the lizards in our study did not perform a correct trial in any of the 5 trials,hinting at the diffculty of the task for these *** study is among the frst to address lizard cognition,through their inhibitory control,as a potential explanation for success in cities and highlights one should be careful with assuming that urban animals generally have enhanced cognitive performance,as it might be taxa,task,or condition dependent.

关键词： Podarcis siculus Podarcis muralis Behavior Cognition Detour task Reptile.

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Synthesis of iron（ll） complexes with asymmetric N2O2 coordinating Schiff base-like ligands and their spin crossover properties

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018年第3期12卷 400-408页

作者： Wolfgang Bauer Tanja Ossiander birgit Weber Department of Chemistry University of Bayreuth 95440 Bayreuth Germany

The synthesis of new Schiff base-like ligands with asymmetric substituents pattern and their iron complexes with pyridine as axial ligand is described. Two of the ligands and one of the iron（II） complexes were characterized by single crystal X-ray structure analysis. One of the the iron（II） complexes shows spin crossover behavior while the others remain in the high spin state. The influence of the reduced symmetry of the ligand on the properties of the complexes is discussed.

关键词： iron Schiffbase-like ligands magnetism spin crossover X-ray structures

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Product Variability of the ‘Cineole Cassette＇ Monoterpene Synthases of Related Nicotiana Species

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Molecular Plant 2011年第6期4卷 965-984页

作者： Anke Fahnrich Katrin Krause birgit Piechulla University of Rostock Institute for Biological Sciences Albert-Einstein-Str. 3 18059 Rostock Germany

Nicotiana species of the section Alatae characteristically emit the floral scent compounds of the ＇cineole cassette＇ comprising 1,8-cineole, limonene, myrcene, α-pinene, β-pinene, sabinene, and α-terpineol. We successfully isolated genes of Nicotiana alata and Nicotiana langsdorfii that encoded enzymes, which produced the characteristic monoter- penes of this ＇cineole cassette＇ with α-terpineol being most abundant in the volatile spectra. The amino acid sequences of both terpineol synthases were 99% identical. The enzymes cluster in a monophyletic branch together with the closely related cineole synthase of Nicotiana suaveolens and monoterpene synthase 1 of Solanum lycopersicum. The cyclization reactions （α-terpineol to 1,8-cineole） of the terpineol synthases of N. alata and N. langsdorfii were less efficient compared to the ＇cineole cassette＇ monoterpene synthases of Arabidopsis thaliana, N. suaveolens, Salvia fruticosa, Salvia officinalis, and Citrus unshiu. The terpineol synthases of IV. alata and N. langsdorfii were localized in pistils and in the adaxial and abaxial epidermis of the petals. The enzyme activities reached their maxima at the second day after anthesis when flowers were fully opened and the enzyme activity in N. alata was highest at the transition from day to night （diurnal rhythm）.

关键词： Nicotiana alata Nicotiana langsdorfii cineole cassette terpineol synthase multiproduct enzyme monoterpene synthase 1,8-cineole, α-terpineol.

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IRF1 and BATF—transcription factors that set the epigenetic landscape for Tr1 cell differentiation?

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第9期14卷 727-729页

作者： Katarina Stanko birgit Sawitzki Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universitaet BerlinHumboldt-Universitaet zu Berlinand Berlin Institute of HealthInstitute of Medical ImmunologyAugustenburger Platz 113353 BerlinGermany

Type 1 regulatory T(Tr1)cells are Foxp3-negative regulatory CD4+T cells that develop outside of the thymus and mediate regulatory functions in large part by producing the immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10.

关键词： Foxp3 Tr1 landscape

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Do concentrations in eggs and liver tissue tell the same story of temporal trends of mercury in high Arctic seabirds?

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第6期30卷 65-72页

作者： Mark L.Mallory birgit M.Braune Biology Department Acadia University Environment and Climate Change Canada National Wildlife Research Centre Carleton University

Mercury（Hg） remains a key contaminant of concern in Arctic biota, and monitoring of Hg concentrations in seabird tissues will be an effective approach to track the effects of implementing the Minamata Convention. We examined trends in total Hg（THg） in liver and egg tissues of two Arctic seabirds, thick-billed murres（Uria lomvia） and northern fulmars（Fulmarus glacialis）, between 1976 and 2013 to assess whether both tissues showed similar patterns of Hg change. Hepatic THg was consistently higher than egg THg, and both species had similar egg THg concentrations, but fulmars had higher hepatic THg than *** THg concentrations showed more relative variation through time than *** suggest that egg THg better reflects exposure of birds to THg in local, Arctic prey,whereas liver THg may incorporate longer term, year-round THg exposure. Additional analysis of THg distribution in Arctic seabirds post-laying would help inform interpretation of long-term trends.

关键词： Canada Fulmarus glacialis Northern fulmar Thick-billed murre Uria lomvia

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The Monumentenwacht model for preventive conservation of built heritage:A case study of Monumentenwacht Vlaanderen in Belgium

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2021年第1期10卷 92-107页

作者： Meiping Wu birgit van Laar Department of Architecture Built Environment and Construction EngineerinsPolytechnic University of MilanMilan20133Italy Key Laboratory of Urban and Architectural Heritage Conservation Southeast UniversityNanjing210096China

Monumentenwacht(Monument Watch)is an organization that specializes in the periodic inspection of built heritage to raise awareness among owners and caretakers of the importance of proper maintenance and preventive *** originated in the Netherlands in *** was later established in Belgium,Germany,the UK,Denmark,Hungary,Italy,Slovak,Spain,France,and Portugal in the form of similar organizations and projects with similar *** organization promotes the idea of,fprevention is better than cureM by offering periodic inspection,monitoring,and minor urgent repair and writing independent professional inspection reports as a reference for owners and users for further maintenance and conservation *** study explores the working mode of Monumentenwacht in Flanders,Belgium,including its historical development,organizational structure,inspection team configuration,professional inspection report,database,reporting system,and technical manuals.A brief analysis of other similar organizations and projects in various European countries is included to reveal efficient ways to promote this model while respecting different cultural,economic,social,legal,and political contexts.

关键词： Monum entenwacht Preventive conservation Maintenance Periodic inspection Built heritage

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Proteomic and metabolic prediction of response to therapy in gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第38期20卷 13648-13657页

作者： Michaela Aichler birgit Luber Florian Lordick Axel Walch Research Unit Analytical Pathology Institute of Pathology Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenInstitute of Pathology Technische Universit t MünchenUniversity Cancer Center Leipzig University of LeipzigResearch Unit Analytical Pathology Institute of Pathology Helmholtz Zentrum München German Research Centre for Environmental Health

Several new treatment options for gastric cancer have been introduced but the prognosis of patients diagnosed with gastric cancer is still poor. Disease prognosis could be improved for high-risk individuals by implementing earlier screenings. Because many patients are asymptomatic during the early stages of gastric cancer,the diagnosis is often delayed and patients present with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic disease. Cytotoxic treatment has been shown to prolong survival in general,but not all patients are responders. The application of targeted therapies and multimodal treatment has improved prognosis for those with advanced ***,these new therapeutic strategies do not uniformly benefit all *** whether patients will respond to specific therapies would be of particular value and would allow for stratifying patients for personalized treatment *** imaging by positron emission tomography was the first technique with the potential to predict the response of esophagogastric cancer to neoadjuvant *** and validating tissue-based biomarkers are ongoing *** this review,we discuss the status of several targeted therapies for gastric cancer,as well as proteomic and metabolic methods for investigating biomarkers for therapy response prediction in gastric cancer.

关键词： Gastric cancer Therapy Response prediction Positron emission tomography Matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization

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Evolution of particle number size distribution in an urban atmosphere during episodes of heavy pollution and new particle formation

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第11期54卷 1772-1778页

作者： WU ZhiJun, HU Min YUE DingLi birgit WEHNER Alfred WIEDENSOHLER State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China Leibniz-lnstitutefor Tropospheric Research 04318 Leipzig Germany

This study discusses the evolution of particle number size distribution during episodes of heavy pollution and new particle formation in the urban atmosphere of Beijing to quantify the effects of dynamic processes (coagulation and condensation) on the particle number size *** a heavy-pollution event,an extremely low number concentration of 3-10 nm particles (on average 46 cm-3) was *** is because nucleation-mode particles were easily removed by strong coagulational scavenging of larger particles under this *** addition,a large condensation sink (on average 0.13 s-1) restrained nucleation,which is one of the major sources of nucleation-mode ***,during a new-particle formation event,the small condensation sink (0.01 s-1) of precursor facilitated *** the same time,preexisting particles had little ability to scavenge newly formed particles (around 1 nm) and allowed them to grow to a detectable size (larger than 3 nm currently).We suggest that the effects of dynamic processes (coagulation and condensation) on particle size distribution should be stressed under some extreme conditions of the relatively polluted urban atmosphere in addition to traffic and meteorological factors.

关键词： particle number size distribution new particle formation coagulation and condensation sinks

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Catchment soils as a factor of trace metal accumulation in sediments of the reservoir Klingenberg(eastern Ore Mountains, Germany)

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第12期31卷 1-14页

作者： Jens Hahn Christian Opp Raphael Ganzenmuller Anntke Ewert birgit Schneider Nina Zitzer Gabriela Laufenberg Philipps-University of Marburg Working Group for Hydro-and Soil GeographyDeutschhausstr.1035037 MarburgGermany University of Leipzig Institute of GeographyPhysical GeographyJohannisallee 19a04103 LeipzigGermany Philipps-Uniuersity o/Marbitrg Mass SpectrometryMarbacher Weg 6-1035037 MarburgGermany

The release and accumulation dynamics of trace metals in soils and aquatic sediments were exemplarily investigated in the catchment area of the Reservoir Klingenberg(Germany).Catchment soils were examined for mobilizable and total concentrations of arsenic(As),cadmium(Cd),chrome(Cr),iron(Fe),manganese(Mn),nickel(Ni),lead(Pb),and zinc(Zn)and compared with trace metal quantities accumulated in riverbed and reservoir *** comparison of all samples showed relatively small variations of Cr(7.96–46.0 mg/kg),Fe(7.79–40.4 g/kg),and Ni(6.06–56.5 mg/kg),while stronger differences were found for As(11.2–164 mg/kg),Cd(0.14–30.5 mg/kg),Mn(0.08–1.84 g/kg),Pb(20.7–183 mg/kg),and Zn(69.1–916 mg/kg).The catchment soils were slightly enriched by Cd,Pb,and *** Cd and Zn were characterized by large mobilizable *** mean trace metal concentrations in riverbed sediments were higher than in catchment soils,while reservoir sediments accumulated the highest amounts of the analyzed *** enrichment of trace metals in reservoir sediments was generally determined by the sedimentation of fine particles,while the distribution of As,Fe,and Mn was additionally impacted by redox *** Cd and Zn,which in comparison were most enriched in riverbed and reservoir sediments,a significant release from soils by leaching processes was *** accumulation of As and Pb in reservoir sediments was influenced to a greater extent by soil erosion and by anthropogenic or chalcogen sources in the catchment.

关键词： Trace metals Exchangeable forms Soil Sediment Catchment Sources

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Novel highly active carbon supported ternary PdNiBi nanoparticles as I anode catalyst for the alkaline direct ethanol fuel cell

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Nano Research 2019年第3期12卷 683-693页

作者： Bernd Cermenek Johanna Ranninger birgit Feketefoldi Ilse Letofsky-Papst Norbert Kienzl Brigitte Bitschnau Viktor Hacker Institute of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology Graz University of Technology NAWI Graz Inffeldgasse 25/C 8010 Graz Austria Institute for Surface Technologies and Photonics JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH/Materials Franz-Pichler-Strafie 30 8160 Weiz Austria Institute for Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis and Center for Electron Microscopy Graz University of Technology NAWI Graz Steyrergasse 17 8010 Graz Austria Bioenergy 2020+ GmbH Inffeldgasse 21/B 8010 Graz Austria Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Graz University of Technology Streymayrgasse 9 8010 Graz Austria

The study focuses on the in flue nee of Ni and Bi on alkali me etha nol oxidati on reacti on (EOR) activities, stabilities and structure characteristics of carb on supported Pd-based nano catalysts (Pd/C, Pd6oNi4o/C, Pd6oBi4o/C, Pd6oNi2oBi2o/C) by cyclic voltammetry/chr ono amperometry using rotating disk electrode and various physico-chemical methods such as X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Nickel generates more adsorbed OH on the Pd catalyst surface than Bi and promotes the oxidation of adsorbed ethanol species. This results in a low onset potential toward ethanol oxidation with high current density. The presenee of Bi facilitates high toleranee toward various reaction in termediates resulting from the incomplete etha nol oxidation, but might also initiate the agglomerati on of Pd nano particles. The no vel Pd60Ni20Bi20/C nanocatalyst displays exceptional byproduct toleranee, but only satisfying catalytic activity toward ethanol oxidation in an alkaline medium. Therefore, the EOR performanee of the novel carbon supported ternary PdxNiyBiz anode catalyst with various atomic variations (Pd70Ni25Bi5/C, Pd70Ni20Bi10/C, Pd80Ni10Bi10/C and Pd40Ni20Bi40/C) using the common instant reduction synthesis method was further optimized for the alkaline direct ethanol fuel cell. The carbon supported Pd:Ni:Bi nano catalyst with atomic ratio of 70:20:10 displays outsta nding catalytic activity for the alkaline EOR compared to the other PdxNiyBiy/C nanocatalysts as well as to the benchmarks Pd/C, Pd60Ni40/C and Pd60Bi40/C. The synergy and the optimal content in consideration of the oxide species of Pd, Ni and Bi are crucial for the EOR kinetic enhancement in alkaline medium.

关键词： alkaline direct ethanol fuel cell catalytic activity ethanol oxidation reaction ternary PdNiBi nano catalysts structure characteristics

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