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Implications of tree species–environment relationships for the responsiveness of Himalayan krummholz treelines to climate change

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第3期14卷 453-473页

作者： Niels SCHWAB Udo SCHICKHOFF birgit BURZLE Michael MULLER Jurgen BOHNER Ram Prasad CHAUDHARY Thomas SCHOLTEN Jens OLDELAND CEN Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability Institute of GeographyUniversity of HamburgBundesstrafle 5520146 HamburgGermany Department of Geosciences Chair of Soil Science and CeomorphologyUniversity of TübingenGermany Research Centre for Applied Science and Technology&Central Department of Botany Tribhuvan UniversityNepal Biocentre Klein Flottbek University of HamburgOhnhorststr.1822609 HamburgGermany

Climate warming is expected to advance treelines to higher elevations. However, empirical studies in diverse mountain ranges give evidence of both advancing alpine treelines as well as rather insignificant responses. In this context, we aim at investigating the sensitivity and responsiveness of the near-natural treeline ecotone in Rolwaling Himal, Nepal, to climate warming. We analysed population densities of tree species along the treeline ecotone from closed forest stands via the krummholz belt to alpine dwarf shrub heaths （3700-4200 m） at 50 plots in 2013 and 2014. We quantified species - environment relationships, i.e. the change of environmental conditions （e.g., nutrient and thermal deficits, plant interactions） across the ecotone by means of redundancy analyses, variation partitioning and distance-based Moran＇s eigenvector maps. In particular, we focus on explaining the high competitiveness of Rhododendron campanulatum forming a dense krummholz belt and on the implications for the responsiveness of Himalayan krummholz treelines to climate change. Results indicate that treeline trees in the ecotone show species-specific responses to the influence of environmental parameters, and that juvenile and adult tree responses are modulated by environmental constraints in differing intensity. Moreover, the species - environment relationships suggest that the investigated krummholz belt will largely prevent the upward migration of other tree constrain the future response species and thus of Himalayan krummholz treelines to climate warming.

关键词： Himalaya Nepal Population structure Rhododendron campanulatum Spatial patterns Species-environment relationships Stand density Variation partitioning

Therapy-refractory gastrointestinal motility disorder in a child with c-kit mutations

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第34期16卷 4363-4366页

作者： Christian Breuer Jun Oh Gerhard J Molderings Michael Schemann birgit Kuch Ertan Mayatepek Rüdiger Adam Department of General Pediatrics University Children's Hospital Duesseldorf Institute of Human Genetics University Hospital Bonn Department of Human Biology Technische Universitt München Pediatric Gastroenterology Department of Pediatrics University Hospital Mannheim

Constipation and fecal impaction are frequent and distressing complaints in pediatric gastroenterology. Especially in neurologically handicapped children, treatment of severe forms of slow-transit constipation (STC) can be difficult. In the majority of cases, STC is of unknown etiology. However, in recent years, there is growing evidence that interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs), which serve as electrical pacemakers and generate spontaneous electrical slow waves in the gastrointestinal tract, might play an important role in the pathophysiology of STC. It remains unclear whether morphological ICC alterations seen in affected patients are based on congenital developmental anomalies, or whether they are a consequence of long-term constipation with secondary damage of the gastrointestinal nervous system. To the best of our knowledge, we present the first case of a patient with histological alterations in ICC morphology who displayed multiple alterations of c-kit at the level of mRNA. The protein encoded by c-kit is the receptor tyrosine kinase Kit (CD117), which is crucial for development and function of ICCs. Therefore, these findings provide a new explanation for congenital alterations of ICC development that result in gastrointestinal motility disorders.

关键词： Slow-transit constipation Interstitial cells of Cajal c-kit

Proteome-wide alterations in an industrial clavulanic acid producing strain of Streptomyces clavuligerus

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2017年第1期2卷 39-48页

作者： EserÜnsaldı Aslıhan Kurt-Kızıldogan birgit Voigt Dorte Becher Gülay Ozcengiz Department of Biological Sciences Middle East Technical University06800AnkaraTurkey Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Ondokuz Mayıs University55139SamsunTurkey Institute of Microbiology Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University of GreifswaldD-17487GreifswaldGermany

The usefulness of genetic/metabolic engineering for further improvement of industrial strains is subject of discussion because of the general lack of knowledge on genetic alterations introduced by iterative cycles of random mutagenesis in such *** industrial clavulanic acid(CA)-overproducer Streptomyces clavuligerus DEPA was assessed to understand proteome-wide changes that have occurred in a local industrial CA overproducer developed through succesive mutagenesis *** proteins that could be identified corresponded to 33 distinct ORFs for underrepresented ones and 60 ORFs for overrepresented *** CA biosynthetic enzymes were overrepresented in *** DEPA;carboxyethylarginine synthase(Ceas2),clavaldehyde dehydrogenase(Car)and carboxyethyl-arginine betalactam-synthase(Bls2)whereas the enzymes of two other secondary metabolites were underrepresented along with two important global regulators[two-component system(TCS)response regulator(SCLAV_2102)and TetR-family transcriptional regulator(SCLAV_3146)]that might be related with CA production and/or differentiation.g-butyrolactone biosynthetic protein AvaA2 was 2.6 fold underrepresented in *** *** levels of two glycolytic enzymes,2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase and phosophoglycerate kinase were found decreased while those of dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase(E3)and isocitrate dehydrogenase,with two isoforms were found as significantly increased.A decrease of amino acid metabolism,methionine biosynthesis in particular,as well as S-adenosylmethionine synthetase appeared as one of the prominent mechanisms of success of *** DEPA strain as a prolific producer of *** levels of two enzymes of shikimate pathway that leads to the production of aromatic amino acids and aromatic secondary metabolites were also *** of the overrepresented stress proteins in *** DEPA included polynucleotide phosphorylase/polyadenylase(PNPase),ATP

关键词： Clavulanic acid Streptomyces clavuligerus Industrial strain Proteomics 2DE MALDI-TOF/MS

Development of ulcerative colitis in a patient with multiple sclerosis following treatment with interferonβ 1a

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第26期13卷 3638-3640页

作者： Eckart Schott Friedemann Paul Jens T Wuerfel Frauke Zipp birgit Rudolph Bertram Wiedenmann Daniel C Baumgart Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyCharité Medical SchoolHumboldt-University of BerlinGermany Cecilie-Vogt-Clinic for Molecular Neurology Charité Medical SchoolHumboldt-University of BerlinGermany Department of Pathology Charité Medical SchoolHumboldt-University of BerlinGermany

To alert clinicians to a potential novel adverse drug effect of interferonβ la, we herein report a patient with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis who developed ulcerative colitis following treatment with interferonβ la. Ulcerative colitis persisted despite discontinuation of interferonβ la treatment and switching the patient to glatiramer acetate. Tacrolimus （FK506）, 6-mercaptopurine, and prednisolone were required to induce remission. Both ulcerative colitis and multiple sclerosis were eventually well controlled using this regimen. Our report underscores that caution should be exercised when prescribing immunostimulatory agents in patients with inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） and challenges current efforts to stimulate innate immunity as a novel therapeutic concept for IBD.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Interferonβ la Tacrolimus Innate immunity Multiple sclerosis Adverse drug effects

Chinese Characters No Double Dutch

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China Today 2009年第12期58卷 56-57页

作者： birgit FISCHER

SO cute! Your handwriting is the equivalent of babytalk," was the reception I got when I proudly showed my Chinese friends the Chinese characters I had painstakingly brushed. At that time, I had just started life as a... 详细信息

关键词：汉字语言学习教研室中文

Specifying the role of BAK1-interacting receptor-like kinase 3 in brassinosteroid signaling

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2020年第4期62卷 456-469页

作者： Ruth Groβeholz Anna Feldman-Salit Friederike Wanke Sarina Schulze Nina Glockner birgit Kemmerling Klaus Harter Ursula Kummer Centre for Organismal Studies/Bio Quant Heidelberg University69120 HeidelbergGermany Center for Plant Molecular Biology(ZMBP) University Tübingen72076 TubingenGermany

Brassinosteroids(BR) are involved in the control of several developmental processes ranging from root elongation to senescence and adaptation to environmental cues. Thus, BR perception and signaling have to be precisely regulated. One regulator is BRI1-associated kinase 1(BAK1)-interacting receptor-like kinase 3(BIR3). In the absence of BR, BIR3 forms complexes with BR insensitive 1(BRI1) and ***, the biophysical and energetic requirements for complex formation in the absence of the ligand have yet to be determined. Using computational modeling, we simulated the potential complexes between the cytoplasmic domains of BAK1, BRI1 and BIR3. Our calculations and experimental data confirm the interaction of BIR3 Rewith BAK1 and BRI1, with the BAK1 BIR3 interaction clearly favored. Furthermore, we demonstrate that BIR3 and BRI1 share the same interaction site with BAK1. This suggests a competition between BIR3 and BRI1 for binding to BAK1, which results in preferential binding of BIR3 to BAK1 in the absence of the ligand thereby preventing the active participation of BAK1 in BR signaling. Our model also suggests that BAK1 and BRI1 can interact even while BAK1 is in complex with BIR3 at an additional binding site of BAK1 that does not allow active BR signaling.

关键词： BAK1 interaction interacting

Usability Experiments to Evaluate UML/SysML-Based Model Driven Software Engineering Notations for Logic Control in Manufacturing Automation

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2014年第11期7卷 943-973页

作者： birgit Vogel-Heuser Institute of Automation and Information Systems Technische Universitat München Munich Germany

Many industrial companies and researchers are looking for more efficient model driven engineering approaches (MDE) in software engineering of manufacturing automation systems (MS) especially for logic control programming, but are uncertain about the applicability and effort needed to implement those approaches in comparison to classical Programmable Logic Controller?(PLC) programming with IEC 61131-3. The paper summarizes results of usability experiments evaluating UML and SysML as software engineering notations for a MDE applied in the domain of manufacturing systems. Modeling MS needs to cover the domain specific characteristics,?i.e.?hybrid process, real time requirements and communication requirements. In addition the paper presents factors, constraint and practical experience for the development of further usability experiments. The paper gives examples of notational expressiveness and weaknesses of UML and SysML. The appendix delivers detailed master models, representing the correct best suited model, and evaluation schemes of the experiment, which is helpful if setting up own empirical experiments.

关键词： Manufacturing Automation Software Programming Environment Software Engineering User Interface Human Factors

The Conditions for Se-Enzymes, NO, cGMP and LDL to be Formed and How They are Connected with Each Other

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2014年第3期8卷 278-285页

作者： birgit Elisabeth Swenson Chalmers Technical University Molnda143136 Sweden

Transportation of energy and substances is fundamental for the conditions of life. The energy from metabolised food is yielded at the reduction of oxygen by the assistance of Se-enzymes. Activated Se-enzymes contain an electron conducting Se-link with elemental Se bounded to Se-cys （Se-cystein） that prevents electron transferring （autoxidable） agents, as arginine, from oxidations. NO is formed from e.g. arginine during the passive state of a Se-enzyme. With NO, instead of O2, bounded to a hem group, destroying oxidations are avoided. This is the role of NO. A nerve signal is activated by the GTP （guanosine triphosphate）-induced triggered transformation of cGMP （cyclic guanosine monophosphate） into GMP, closing the sodium channels. When GTP is consumed, the opposite reaction takes place. The direct influence of the GMP/cGMP quote on a nerve signal makes GMP/cGMP equal to EDHF （endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor）. Part of the energy from food is stored and transported in the form of acetyl groups, building up many important molecules of which LDL （low density lipoprotein） is one, containing cholesteryl esters. These are brought in to the cell, decomposed to acetyl groups generating hydrogen, H, making LDL to an essential substance. High levels are connected to impaired energy yielding reactions, perhaps related to low levels of some substances, especially to one or both forms of Se. The necessity of a Se-link and NO induced protection against oxidations by reducible oxygen can no longer be neglected.

关键词： Se-enzymes Se-toxicity formation of NO formation of cGMP EDHF cholesteryl esters from LDI. .

A Method and a Surface Treatment Agent for Preventing Biofouling on Surfaces under Water

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2012年第3期6卷 227-232页

作者： birgit Elisabeth Swenson

This paper presents an environm centally friendly method of inhibiting biofouling especially acorn barnacles on surfaces under water by using nicotine and selenium in the form of Se（0）, or such a substance which can be converted into them. Both of the substances are necessary to oxygen dependent organisms and will be used after conversion, but are toxic in high doses. By adding the substances to paint or other surface treatment agent which marine surfaces are treated with, organisms which are trying to establish themselves on the surfaces will be exposed to so high doses, the reactions which the settling is based on are disturbed. When the substances leak out into the seas, they will act as environment protectors, as they promote the development of organisms. Nicotine is transformed to nicotine amid which is the reactive part in NADH and one of the most important substances for the transference of hydrogen. Selenite is reduced to Se（0）, also involved in the transport chain of hydrogen to reducible oxygen. However, large quantities Se（0） may disturb the reactions of sulphur b＇./binding to it and impairing the formation of S-S-bridges.

关键词： Marine biofouling environment protection crustaceans catemines nicotine selenite.