The Conditions for Se-Enzymes, NO, cGMP and LDL to be Formed and How They are Connected with Each Other

作     者：Birgit Elisabeth Swenson 

作者机构：Chalmers Technical University Molnda143136 Sweden 

出 版 物：《Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering》 (化学与化工（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2014年第8卷第3期

页      面：278-285页

学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 071010[理学-生物化学与分子生物学] 081704[工学-应用化学] 07[理学] 08[工学] 0817[工学-化学工程与技术] 071003[理学-生理学] 

主　　题：Se-enzymes Se-toxicity formation of NO formation of cGMP EDHF cholesteryl esters from LDI. . 

摘      要：Transportation of energy and substances is fundamental for the conditions of life. The energy from metabolised food is yielded at the reduction of oxygen by the assistance of Se-enzymes. Activated Se-enzymes contain an electron conducting Se-link with elemental Se bounded to Se-cys （Se-cystein） that prevents electron transferring （autoxidable） agents, as arginine, from oxidations. NO is formed from e.g. arginine during the passive state of a Se-enzyme. With NO, instead of O2, bounded to a hem group, destroying oxidations are avoided. This is the role of NO. A nerve signal is activated by the GTP （guanosine triphosphate）-induced triggered transformation of cGMP （cyclic guanosine monophosphate） into GMP, closing the sodium channels. When GTP is consumed, the opposite reaction takes place. The direct influence of the GMP/cGMP quote on a nerve signal makes GMP/cGMP equal to EDHF （endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor）. Part of the energy from food is stored and transported in the form of acetyl groups, building up many important molecules of which LDL （low density lipoprotein） is one, containing cholesteryl esters. These are brought in to the cell, decomposed to acetyl groups generating hydrogen, H, making LDL to an essential substance. High levels are connected to impaired energy yielding reactions, perhaps related to low levels of some substances, especially to one or both forms of Se. The necessity of a Se-link and NO induced protection against oxidations by reducible oxygen can no longer be neglected.