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Effect of plasma treatment on the seed germination and seedling growth of radish(Raphanus sativus)

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Plasma Science and Technology 2022年第1期24卷 95-107页

作者： Rajesh Prakash GURAGAIN Hom Bahadur BANIYA Santosh DHUNGANA Ganesh Kuwar CHHETRI binita sedhai Niroj BASNET Aavash SHAKYA Bishnu Prasad PANDEY Suman Prakash PRADHAN Ujjwal Man JOSHI Deepak Prasad SUBEDI Department of Physics School of SciencesKathmandu UniversityDhulikhelKavre 45210Nepal Department of Physics Tri-Chandra Multiple CampusTribhuvan UniversityKathmandu 44600Nepal Department of Chemical Science and Engineering Kathmandu UniversityDhulikhelKavre 45210Nepal Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Kathmandu UniversityDhulikhelKavre 45210Nepal

The effect on the germination and seedling growth of radish(Raphanus sativus)seeds were examined employing a dielectric barrier discharge(DBD)at atmospheric pressure and room temperature for various treatment time.DBD plasma using argon gas of flow rate 21 m^(-1)was employed in this study.Radish seeds were treated with DBD plasma for 1-5 min,respectively.Germination characteristics,seedling growth parameters,the contact angle of the seed coat,water uptake capacity,mass loss,the temperature of the seeds,chlorophyll,and carotenoid contents of the seedlings were measured before and after the DBD plasma treatments.Plasma treatment of radish seeds significantly increased germination-related characters,including germination percentage,fresh and dry weight,vigor index,and total carotenoids contents.However,the cumulative production rate was found to be decreased.Results from the experiment indicate an acceleration in the water uptake of the radish seeds and make the seed surface hydrophilic by plasma treatment.Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that etching effects on the seed coat occurred after the argon plasma treatments,which affected the wettability of the radish seed.The experimental findings showed that seeds being treated by DBD plasma for 2 and 3 min had a positive effect on the germination and seedling growth of radish.

关键词： dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) electron temperature electron density germination growth parameters radish seeds

Remote Sensing approach to evaluate anthropogenic influences on Forest Cover of Palamau Tiger Reserve,Eastern India

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Ecological Processes 2020年第1期9卷 185-195页

作者： binita Kumari Arvind Chandra Pandey Amit Kumar Department of Geoinformatics Central University of JharkhandRanchiJharkhand 835205India

Background:Tropical forests have been experiencing remarkable rates of transformation over the past century as they are getting degraded or decimated to a great extent by anthropogenic activities.This study aims at investigating the long-term forest cover transformation in Palamau Tiger Reserve(PTR),Jharkhand,India,using Landsat TM,ETM+,and OLI satellite images during 1975-2015.The forest cover was delineated utilizing various keys of visual interpretation techniques.Results:The forest cover was primarily decreased in the north-eastern and north-western parts in PTR.In order to identify the anthropogenic disturbance in the forest reserve,human settlement density was mapped using highresolution Google Earth imagery.The results showed a positive correlation between human population density and settlement density.Five major affected sites with an outer buffer of 2 km were demarcated in order to deduce the anthropogenic influences in major non-forested sites in PTR.It was observed that the forest change was maximum at site 3(Ranidah,area 61.06 km^(2),−6.47%change)followed by site 2(Saidup,area 124.38 km^(2),−7.65%change),where settlement units were also high(2638 and 2621 settlement units,respectively).At site 1(Barkheta,area 81.59 km^(2)),−1.99%change was observed,and at site 4(Samadh Tola,area 9.15 km^(2)),1.03% change was observed having moderate settlement units(2422 and 1892 settlement units,respectively).Areas with the low level of human settlements(1038 settlement units)observed the least change,i.e.,at site 5(Netarhat,area 48.52 km^(2)),0.58%change was observed mainly during the years.Conclusions:The forest cover exhibited an overall decrease of 14.55 km^(2)(−1.34%change)with episodic variation during 1975-2015 in PTR,Eastern India.A significant forest disturbance occurred primarily in the north-eastern and north-western parts of PTR along the forest fringe due to the high population and settlement density.The study highlighted the potential use of freely available multi-temporal satellite observations in for

关键词： Population density Settlement density Remote sensing and GIS Palamau Tiger Reserve

Gut microbiome in primary sclerosing cholangitis:A review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第21期26卷 2768-2780页

作者： Rebecca Little Eytan Wine binita M Kamath Anne M Griffiths Amanda Ricciuto Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoON M5G 1X8Canada Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 7-142H Katz Group–Rexall CentreUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 1C9Canada

Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC)is a chronic cholestatic liver disease characterized by biliary inflammation and stricturing.Exploration of the pathogenesis of PSC in light of its association with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and the“gut-liver”axis is an emerging area of interest.A growing number of studies have begun to elucidate the role of the gut microbiota,its metabolites and its influence on host immune responses in the development of PSC and PSCIBD.Studies of the fecal microbiota have highlighted enriched levels of certain species,including Veillonella,Streptococcus and Enterococcus,among others.A heightened immune response to enteric dysbiosis and bacterial translocation have also been implicated.For example,Klebsiella pneumoniae strains derived from gnotobiotic mice transplanted with PSC-IBD microbiota were found to induce pore formation in human intestinal epithelial cells and enhanced Th17 responses.Gut microbes have additionally been hypothesized to be implicated in PSC pathogenesis through their role in the synthesis of various metabolites,including bile acids(BAs),which function as signaling molecules with important gut and hepatic effects.An expanded knowledge of the gut microbiome as it relates to PSC offers critical insight into the development of microbe-altering therapeutic interventions,such as antibiotics,nutritional interventions and fecal microbial transplantation.Some of these have already shown some preliminary evidence of benefit.Despite exciting progress in the field,much work remains to be done;areas that are particularly lacking include functional characterization of the microbiome and examination of pediatric populations.In this review,we summarize studies that have investigated the microbiome in PSC and PSC-IBD as well as putative mechanisms,including the potential role of metabolites,such as BAs.We then briefly review the evidence for interventions with microbe-altering properties for treating PSC.

关键词： Bile acids Colitis Inflammatory bowel disease Microbiome Microbiota Primary sclerosing cholangitis

Structural and electrical transport properties of a rare earth double perovskite oxide:Ba_2ErNbO_6

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Journal of Rare Earths 2014年第4期32卷 334-342页

作者： Rajesh Mukherjee binita Ghosh Sujoy Saha Chandrahas Bharti T.P.Sinha Department of Physics Ramananda College Department of Physics Bose Institute Sensor and Actuator Division CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute

The double perovskite oxide barium erbium niobate, Ba2ErNbO6 （BEN） was synthesized by solid state reaction technique. Rietveld refinement of the X-ray diffraction pattern of the sample showed cubic （Fm3m） phase at room temperature. Fourier trans-form infrared spectrum showed two primary phonon modes of the sample at around 387 and 600 cm-1. Raman spectrum of the sam-ple taken at 488 nm excitation wavelength showed four primary strong peaks at 106, 382, 747 and 814 cm-1. Lorentzian lines with 10 bands were used to fit the Raman spectrum. A group theoretical study was performed to assign all the Raman modes. Impedance spectroscopy was applied to investigate the ac electrical conductivity of BEN in a temperature range from 303 to 673 K and in a fre-quency range from 100 Hz-1 MHz. The dielectric relaxation mechanism was discussed in the frame work of permittivity, conduc-tivity, modulus and impedance formalisms. The complex plane plot of the impedance data was modeled by an equivalent circuit con-sisting of two serially connected R-CPE units, （one for the grain and the other for the grain boundary）, each containing a resistor （R） and a constant phase element （CPE）. The R-CPE units were used to incorporate the non-ideal character of the polarization phenome-non instead of an ideal capacitive behaviour. The relaxation time corresponding to dielectric loss was found to obey the Arrhenius law with activation energy of 0.85 eV. The frequency dependent conductivity spectra followed the Jonscher power law. The Cole-Cole model was used to investigate the dielectric relaxation mechanism in the sample.

关键词： perovskites Rietveld refinement Raman spectroscopy impedance spectroscopy rare earths

Damming of River Indus during Late Quaternary in Ladakh Region of Trans-Himalaya, NW India: Implications to Lake formation-climate and tectonics

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科学通报 2013年第S1期58卷 142-155页

作者： PHARTIYAL binita SHARMA Anupam KOTHYARI Girish Ch Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Central University of Himachal Pradesh Institute of Seismological Research

Indus river valley basin in Northwest Indian Himalaya is tectonically unstable, exhibiting a complex topography, landscape relief and varied Quaternary sedimentation. A 422 km transact along the Indus river valley from Nyoma to Batalik in Ladakh(Trans Himalayas) reveals the damming of the river four places and existence of four major palaeolakes in the Late Quaternary Period. The commencement and breeching of the palaeolake sequences and the seismites preserved therein mark of the tectonic pluses in the area but the contribution of climate cannot be ruled out. The major geomorphic landforms are alluvial fans, debris cones, unsorted pedestals, fluvio-lacustrine deposits, scree, talus cone etc. Ubiquitous mass movements and catastrophic land sliding, due to tectonic activity and abnormally high precipitation has transported the material from steep slopes to valley bottoms, was responsible of forming lakes(preserved as thick piles of fine sediment), while the outburst floods redistributed the sediment down valley. Chronologies of two lakes are available which reveal the presence of one during post LGM times around 17000 a BP which breached out prior to Older Dryas indicating of warmer and congenial rainfall and melt water supply between these two globally marked cold episode. Other lake was formed after the Younger Dryas and existed till ~1000 a BP indicative of the Holocene warming responsible for its sustenance.

关键词： Late Quaternary Holocene Trans Himalaya Indus Palaeolake deposits climate

Antifibrotic effect of heparin on liver fibrosis model in rats

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2012年第6期3卷 86-92页

作者： binita Shah Gaurang Shah Department of Pharmacology K B Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Gandhinagar 382023 Gujarat India

AIM: To evaluate the effect of chronic thrombin inhibition by heparin on experimentally induced chronic liver injury (liver fibrosis) in rats. METHODS: Chronic liver injury (liver fibrosis) was induced in Wistar rats by oral administration of carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) for 7 wk, an animal model with persistent severe hepatic fibrosis. Intravenous administration of the thrombin antagonist (heparin) started 1 wk after the start of CCl 4 intoxication for 6 wk. After completion of treatment (7 wk), markers of hepatic dysfunction were measured and changes evaluated histopathologically. RESULTS: Higher serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total, direct and indirect bilirubin levels, as well as lower fibrinogen levels, were found in CCl 4 intoxicated rats. Heparin, silymarin and combination of drug (heparin and silymarin) treatment for 6 wk prevented a rise in SGOT, SGPT, ALP, total, direct and indirect bilirubin levels and improved fibrinogen levels. Deterioration in hepatic function determined by the fibrosis area was retarded, as evident from hepatic histopathology. Total protein levels were not changed in all groups.CONCLUSION: Heparin, a thrombin antagonist, preserved hepatic function and reduced severity of hepatic dysfunction/fibrogenesis. Combination of heparin and silymarin produced additional benefits on liver fibrosis.

关键词： Hepatic dysfunction Liver fibrosis Carbon tetrachloride Heparin Thrombin antagonist

Epigenetic regulation−The guardian of cellular homeostasis and lineage commitment

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BIOCELL 2021年第3期45卷 501-515页

作者： KAVITHA GOVARTHANAN PIYUSH K UMAR GUPTA binita ZIPPORAHE REKHA GAHTORI SOUMYA PANDIT RAM PRASAD Department of Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036India Department of Life Sciences Sharda UniversityGreater NoidaUttar Pradesh201310India Department of Biotechnology Campus–BhimtalKumaun UniversityNainitalUttarakhand263136India Department of Botany Mahatma Gandhi Central UniversityMotihariBihar845401India

Stem cells constitute the source of cells that replenishes the worn out or damaged cells in our tissue and enable the tissue to carry out the destined function.Tissue-specific stem cells are compartmentalized in a niche,which keeps the stem cells under quiescent condition.Thus,understanding the molecular events driving the successful differentiation of stem cells into several lineages is essential for its better manipulation of human applications.Given the developmental aspects of the cell,the cellular function is greatly dependent on the epigenomics signature that in turn governs the expression profile of the cell.The stable inheritance of the epigenome is crucial for the development,modulation,and maintenance of the cell and its complex tissue-specific function.Emerging evidence suggesting that stem cell chromatin comprises a specialized state in which self-renewing genes and its downstream lineage-specific genes are kept paralleled poised for activation.Thus,the epigenetic regulatory network and pathway dictate lineage commitment and differentiation.It mainly modifies the chromatin landscape to facilitate euchromatin and heterochromatin architecture,which in turn alters the accessibility of transcription factors to the gene loci.DNA methylation and histone marks are the two widely studied epigenetic modifications regulating the transcriptome profile of a specific lineage.Abnormalities in the epigenetic landscape lead to diseases or disorders.Here,we emphasize the prominence of the epigenetic network and its regulation in normal tissue functioning and in the diseased state.Furthermore,we highlighted the emerging role of epigenetic modifiers in lineage differentiation and epigenetic markers as novel druggable targets for cancer therapy.

关键词： Epigenetics Chromatin Genome Methylation Inheritance Modulation

Firework Induced Large Increase in Trace Gases and Black Carbon at Dibrugarh, India

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Journal of Earth Science and Engineering 2013年第8期3卷 540-544页

作者： binita Pathak Chandrakala Bharali Jhuma Biswas Pradip Kumar Bhuyan Centre for Atmospheric Studies Dibrugarh University Dibrugarh 786 004 Assam India

A survey of analytical methods for inclusion in a new energy-water nexus knowledge discovery framework

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Big Earth Data 2018年第3期2卷 197-227页

作者： Melissa R.Allen Syed Mohammed Arshad Zaidi Varun Chandola April M.Morton Christa M.Brelsford Ryan A.McManamay binita KC Jibonananda Sanyal Robert N.Stewart Budhendra L.Bhaduri Computational Science and Engineering Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA Computer Science and Engineering Department University at BuffaloBuffaloNYUSA Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA Urban Dynamics Institute Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA

The energy-water nexus,or the dependence of energy on water and water on energy,continues to receive attention as impacts on both energy and water supply and demand from growing popula-tions and climate-related stresses are evaluated for future infra-structure planning.Changes in water and energy demand are related to changes in regional temperature,and precipitation extremes can affect water resources available for energy genera-tion for those regional populations.Additionally,the vulnerabilities to the energy and water nexus are beyond the physical infrastruc-tures themselves and extend into supporting and interdependent infrastructures.Evaluation of these vulnerabilities relies on the integration of the disparate and distributed data associated with each of the infrastructures,environments and populations served,and robust analytical methodologies of the data.A capability for the deployment of these methods on relevant data from multiple components on a single platform can provide actionable informa-tion for interested communities,not only for individual energy and water systems,but also for the system of systems that they com-prise.Here,we survey the highest priority data needs and analy-tical methods for inclusion on such a platform.

关键词： Energy-water nexus data analytics web portal