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The protective role of prebiotics and probiotics on diarrhea and gut damage in the rotavirus-infected piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1424-1448页

作者： Heng yang Xiangqi Fan Xiangbing mao bing Yu Jun He Hui yan Jianping Wang Institute of Animal Nutrition Sichuan Agricultural UniversityKey Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsKey Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan ProvinceNo.211Gongpinghuimin RoadWenjiang DistrictChengduSichuan Province 611130People’s Republic of China

Rotavirus is one of the pathogenic causes that induce diarrhea in young animals, especially piglets, worldwide. However, nowadays, there is no specific drug available to treat the disease, and the related vaccines have no obvious efficiency in some countries. Via analyzing the pathogenesis of rotavirus, it inducing diarrhea is mainly due to disturb enteric nervous system, destroy gut mucosal integrity, induce intracellular electrolyte imbalance, and impair gut microbiota and immunity. Many studies have already proved that prebiotics and probiotics can mitigate the damage and diarrhea induced by rotavirus infection in hosts. Based on these, the current review summarizes and discusses the effects and mechanisms of prebiotics and probiotics on rotavirus-induced diarrhea in piglets. This information will highlight the basis for the swine production utilization of prebiotics and probiotics in the prevention or treatment of rotavirus infection in the future.

关键词： Diarrhea Piglet Prebiotics Probiotics Rotavirus

A coordinated planning strategy of energy storage allocation and line upgrading to increase photovoltaic consumption with lowest planning cost

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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年

作者： Bo ZHANG Yuqi JI Lu ZHANG Wei TANG Xiaohui ZHANG Liang WANG Haoran DING Hanchen mao College of Information and Electrical Engineering China Agricultural University State Grid Heilongjiang Electric Power Research Institute State Grid Heilongjiang Electric Power Company Limited School of Electrical and Information Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light Industry

Random integration of massive distributed photovoltaic (PV) generation poses serious challenges to distribution networks. Voltage violations, line overloads, increased peak–valley differences, and power-flow reversals can occur at different locations, times, and severities. Traditional planning methods such as energy storage (ES) allocation and upgrading of lines may result in poor economics and low equipment utilization. This study proposes a distribution-network planning strategy that coordinates three planning mechanisms:ES allocation to substations and to feeders, and line upgrading. The proposed strategy achieved the lowest annual cost, considering the distribution network problems at different locations, times, and severities. A net load curve description method was first proposed considering economic planning and the uncertain distribution of loads and PVs. Second, a multistage optimization model for ES allocation and line upgrading was established based on the net load curves. Finally, an improved IEEE33 node system was used in the case study. The planning results show that the proposed coordinated planning strategy can address the problems caused by the random integration of massive distributed PVs, improve equipment utilization, and obtain the lowest total annual planning cost.

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Dynamic flight stability of a bumblebee in forward flight

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2008年第1期24卷 25-36页

作者： yan Xiong mao Sun 1 Institute of Fluid Mechanics Beihang University 100083 Beijing China

The longitudinal dynamic flight stability of a bumblebee in forward flight is studied. The method of computational fluid dynamics is used to compute the aerodynamic derivatives and the techniques of eigenvalue and eigenvector analysis are employed for solving the equations of motion. The primary findings are as the following. The forward flight of the bumblebee is not dynamically stable due to the existence of one （or two） unstable or approximately neutrally stable natural modes of motion. At hovering to medium flight speed [flight speed Ue = （0-3.5）m s^-1; advance ratio J = 0-0.44], the flight is weakly unstable or approximately neutrally stable; at high speed （Ue = 4.5 m s^-1; J = 0.57）, the flight becomes strongly unstable （initial disturbance double its value in only 3.5 wingbeats）.

关键词： Bumblebee Dynamic stability Forward flight Navier-Stokes simulation Natural modes of motion

Phylogeny,character evolution,and classification of Selaginellaceae(lycophytes)

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Plant Diversity 2023年第6期45卷 630-684页

作者： Xin-mao Zhou Li-bing Zhang School of Ecology and Environmental Science Yunnan UniversityKunming 650504YunnanChina Missouri Botanical Garden 4344 Shaw BlvdSt.LouisMissouri 63110USA Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041SichuanChina

Selaginella is the largest and most taxonomically complex genus in *** fact that over 750 species are currently treated in a single genus makes Selaginellales/Selaginellaceae unique in *** we assembled a dataset of six existing and newly sampled plastid and nuclear loci with a total of 684 accessions(74%increase of the earlier largest sampling)representing ca.300 species to infer a new *** evolution of 10 morphological characters is studied in the new phylogenetic *** major results include:(1)the nuclear and plastid phylogenies are congruent with each other and combined analysis well resolved and strongly supported the relationships of all but two major clades;(2)the Sinensis group is resolved as sister to *** with strong support in two of the three analyses;(3)most morphological characters are highly homoplasious but some characters alone or combinations of characters well define the major clades in the family;and(4)an infrafamilial classification of Selaginellaceae is proposed and the currently defined Selaginella *** split into seven subfamilies(corresponding to the current six subgenera t the Sinensis group)and 19 genera(the major diagnosable clades)with nine new species-poor *** support the conservation of Selaginella with a new type,***,to minimize nomenclatural *** provide a key to subfamilies and genera,images illustrating their morphology,their morphological and geographical synopses,a list of constituent species,and necessary new *** new classification will hopefully facilitate communication,promote further studies,and help conservation.

关键词： Generic classification Homoplasy Lycophyte phylogeny Megaspore types Microspores Nuclear 18S and 26S genes

Thermo-sensitive Poly(DEGMMA-co-MEA) Microgels: Synthesis, Characterization and Interfacial Interaction with Adsorbed Protein Layer

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2015年第11期33卷 1516-1526页

作者： Zhen-bing Li yan-hui Xiang Xian-jing Zhou Jing-jing Nie mao Peng 杜滨阳 MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science & EngineeringZhejiang University Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University

The novel microgels, poly[di（ethylene glycol） methyl ether methacrylate-co-2-methoxyethyl acrylate] poly（DEGMMA-co-MEA） microgels, were synthesized. The poly（DEGMMA-co-MEA） microgels were thermo-sensitive and exhibited a volume phase transitive temperature（VPTT） of 14–22 ℃. The incorporation of hydrophobic comonomer MEA shifted the VPTT of poly（DEGMMA-co-MEA） microgels to lower temperatures. The interfacial interaction of poly（DEGMMA-co-MEA） microgels and three model proteins, namely fibrinogen, bovine serum albumin and lysozyme, was investigated by quartz crystal microbalance（QCM）. An injection sequence of ＂microgel-after-protein＂ was then established for the real-time study of the interaction of proteins and the microgels at their swollen and collapsed states by using QCM technique. The results indicated that the interfacial interaction of poly（DEGMMA-co-MEA） microgels and adsorbed protein layers was mainly determined by the electrostatic interaction. Because poly（DEGMMA-co-MEA） microgels were negatively charged in Tris-HCl buffer solution（pH = 7.4）, the microgels did not adsorb on negatively charged fibrinogen and bovine serum albumin layers but strongly adsorbed on positively charged lysozyme layer. Stronger interaction between lysozyme and the microgels at collapsed state（i.e. at 37 ℃） was observed. Furthermore, the incorporation of MEA might weaken the interaction between poly（DEGMMA-co-MEA） microgels and proteins.

关键词： QCM Poly(DEGMMA-co-MEA) microgels Thermosensitive Proteins Interfacial interaction

Characterization and function of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus-derived small RNAs generated in tolerant and susceptible tomato varieties

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第8期15卷 1785-1797页

作者： BAI Miao yanG Guo-shun CHEN Wen-ting LIN Run-mao LING Jian mao Zhen-chuan XIE bing-yan College of Horticulture and Landscape Hunan Agricultural University Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

supported by the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China （20134320120013）;the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China （14JJ3095）

关键词： Tomato yellow leaf curl virus virus-induced RNA silencing virus-derived small RNA degradome

Optimal aspect ratio of endocytosed spherocylindrical nanoparticle

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Frontiers of physics 2015年第1期10卷 119-123页

作者： Ying-bing Chen yan-Hui Liu Yah Zeng Wei mao Lin Hu Zong-Liang mao Hou-Qiang Xu Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region Ministry of Education College of Animal Science Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China Soft Condensed Matter Laboratory College of Science Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China State Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China College of Civil Engineering Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China

Recent simulations have demonstrated that bioparticle size and shape modulate the process of endocytosis, and studies have provided more quantitative information that the endocytosis efficiency of spherocylindrical bioparticles is decided by its aspect ratio. At the same time, the dimensions of the receptor-ligand complex have strong effects on the size-dependent exclusion of proteins within the cellular environment. However, these earlier theoretical works including simulations did not consider the effects of ligand-receptor complex dimension on the endocytosis process. Thus, it is necessary to resolve the effects of ligand-receptor complex dimension and determine the optimal aspect ratio of spherocylindrical bioparticles in the process of endocytosis. Accordingly, we proposed a continuum elastic model, of which the results indicate that the aspect ratio depends on the ligand-receptor complex dimension and the radius of the spherocylindrical bioparticle. This model provides a phase diagram of the aspect ratio of endocytosed spherocylindrical bioparticles, the larger aspect ratio of which appears in the phase diagram with increasing ligand density, and highlights the bioparticle design.

关键词： cellular uptake depletion effects dimension of ligand-receptor complex elasticity theory

Changes in persistent and non-persistent extreme precipitation in Chinafrom 1961 to 2016

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2018年第3期9卷 177-184页

作者： HE bing-Rui ZHAI Pan-mao Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China

In this study, based on daily gage precipitation data of 2480 stations from 1961 to 2016, the summer （JuneeAugust） extreme precipitationevent was defined using the 95th percentile, and the changes in persistent （last for at least 2 d） and non-persistent （1 d） extreme precipitation inChina were analyzed. The results indicate that under global warming, the contribution of extreme precipitation to total summer precipitationincreased in most areas of China, but it decreased in the central part of Inner Mongolia and the Sichuan Basin. In North and Southwest China,both persistent and non-persistent extreme precipitation decreased; the decreasing trend of persistent extreme precipitation was more prominent;thus, extreme precipitation event occurred more as non-persistent event. Meanwhile, in the yangtze River Basin and South China, both types ofextreme precipitation increased particularly the persistent extreme precipitation; persistent extreme precipitation occurred more compared withnon-persistent events.

关键词： Persistent extreme precipitation Non-persistent extreme precipitation Persistence structure China

Aerial edge computing for 6G

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2022年第1期29卷 50-63页

作者： mao Sun Zhang yan College of Computer Science Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610101China Department of Informatics University of OsloOslo 0316Norway

In the 6 th generation mobile communication system(6 G) era, a large number of delay-sensitive and computation-intensive applications impose great pressure on resource-constrained Internet of things(IoT) devices. Aerial edge computing is envisioned as a promising and cost-effective solution, especially in hostile environments without terrestrial infrastructures. Therefore, this paper focuses on integrating aerial edge computing into 6 G for providing ubiquitous computing services for IoT devices. This paper first presents the layered network architecture of aerial edge computing for 6 G. The benefits, potential applications, and design challenges are also discussed in detail. Next, several key techniques like unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) deployment, operation mode, offloading mode, caching policy, and resource management are highlighted to present how to integrated aerial edge computing into 6 G. Then, the joint UAV deployment optimization and computation offloading method is designed to minimize the computing delay for a typical aerial edge computing network. Numerical results reveal the significant delay reduction of the proposed method compared with the other benchmark methods. Finally, several open issues for aerial edge computing in 6 G are elaborated to provide some guidance for future research.

关键词： mobile edge computing unmanned aerial vehicle the 6th generation mobile communication system